Evidence for default mode network dysfunction in borderline personality disorder
Abstract
Background: Although executive and other cognitive deficits have been found in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), whether these have brain functional correlates has been little studied. This study aimed to examine patterns of task-related activation and de-activation during the performance of a working memory task in patients with the disorder. Methods: Sixty-seven DSM-IV BPD patients and 67 healthy controls underwent fMRI during the performance of the n-back task. Linear models were used to obtain maps of within-group activations and areas of differential activation between the groups. Results: On corrected whole-brain analysis, there were no activation differences between the BPD patients and the healthy controls during the main 2-back v.baseline contrast, but reduced activation was seen in the precentral cortex bilaterally and the left inferior parietal cortex in the 2-back v.1-back contrast. The patients showed failure of de-activation affecting the medial frontal cortex and the precuneus, plus in other areas. The changes did not appear to be attributable to previous history of depression, which was present in nearly half the sample. Conclusions: In this study, there was some, though limited, evidence for lateral frontal hypoactivation in BPD during the performance of an executive task. BPD also appears to be associated with failure of de-activation in key regions of the default mode network.
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All three disorders (BPD, PTSD, major depression) show increased activation in the DMN.
“All three disorders showed increased activation in the DMN, a system that tends to be disconnected from the PfC in PTSD [2] and to be hypoactivated in executive function tasks in BPD [1].”
From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
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- Authors
- Aguilar-Ortiz, S., Salgado-Pineda, P., Vega, D., Pascual, J. C., Marco-Pallarés, J., Soler, J., Brunel, C., Martin-Blanco, A., Soto, A., Ribas, J., Maristany, T., Sarró, S., Rodríguez-Fornells, A., Salvador, R., McKenna, P. J., & Pomarol-Clotet, E.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Hospital Universitari d'Igualada (ES)
- Hospital de Sant Pau (ES)
- Fidmag Sisters Hospitallers (ES)
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona (ES)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (ES)
- Corresponding author
- McKenna, Peter J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2019-08-28
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1746-1754
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2970487247
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, default mode network, working memory, n-back task, executive function, precuneus, medial frontal cortex, deactivation, history of depression, brain dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Default Mode Network, Adult, Borderline Personality Disorder, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Parietal Lobe, Spain, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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