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Cited by 63Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Trait anxiety modulates fronto-limbic processing of emotional interference in borderline personality disorder

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Holtmann, Jana, Herbort, Maike C., Wüstenberg, Torsten, Soch, Joram, Richter, Sylvia, Walter, Henrik, Roepke, Stefan, Schott, Björn H.·2013·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00054PMC PMC3585713
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Abstract

Previous studies of cognitive alterations in borderline personality disorder (BPD) have yielded conflicting results. Given that a core feature of BPD is affective instability, which is characterized by emotional hyperreactivity and deficits in emotion regulation, it seems conceivable that short-lasting emotional distress might exert temporary detrimental effects on cognitive performance. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate how task-irrelevant emotional stimuli (fearful faces) affect performance and fronto-limbic neural activity patterns during attention-demanding cognitive processing in 16 female, unmedicated BPD patients relative to 24 age-matched healthy controls. In a modified flanker task, emotionally negative, socially salient pictures (fearful vs. neutral faces) were presented as distracters in the background. Patients, but not controls, showed an atypical response pattern of the right amygdala with increased activation during emotional interference in the (difficult) incongruent flanker condition, but emotion-related amygdala deactivation in the congruent condition. A direct comparison of the emotional conditions between the two groups revealed that the strongest diagnosis-related differences could be observed in the dorsal and, to a lesser extent, also in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (dACC, rACC) where patients exhibited an increased neural response to emotional relative to neutral distracters. Moreover, in the incongruent condition, both the dACC and rACC fMRI responses during emotional interference were negatively correlated with trait anxiety in the patients, but not in the healthy controls. As higher trait anxiety was also associated with longer reaction times (RTs) in the BPD patients, we suggest that in BPD patients the ACC might mediate compensatory cognitive processes during emotional interference and that such neurocognitive compensation that can be adversely affected by high levels of anxiety.

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  • In most studies involving BPD patients in which an emotional conflict must be suppressed, increased activity in amygdala or insula has been observed.

    “Interestingly, in most studies involving patients with BPD in which an emotional conflict must be suppressed, increased activity in amygdala or insula (compared with controls) has been observed, indicating unresolved or heightened emotional conflict (Silbersweig et al., 2007; Krause-Utz et al., 2012; Holtmann et al., 2013; Jacob et al., 2013; Prehn et al., 2013)—but see Smoski et al. (2011).”

    From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Holtmann et al., 2013

    The Abstract and Discussion report increased right-amygdala activity during emotional interference in BPD patients in the difficult incongruent condition, a pattern not observed in controls. But the Results table does not report a significant BPD-versus-control amygdala difference for that interaction, so this paper does not fully support the sentence’s explicit ‘compared with controls’ claim. As one of several citations, it also cannot by itself establish what occurs in most studies. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Holtmann, J., Herbort, M. C., Wüstenberg, T., Soch, J., Richter, S., Walter, H., Roepke, S., & Schott, B. H.
Affiliations
  • Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
  • Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
  • Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg (DE)
  • University of Salzburg (AT)
Corresponding author
Roepke, Stefan
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2013
Volume
7
Pages
54-54
ISSN
1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00054
PMC
PMC3585713
OpenAlex
W2138435972
Cited by
63
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
FWCI
9.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TP A8, SFB 779, EXC 302)
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (EXC 302)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
borderline personality disorder, trait anxiety, emotional interference, flanker task, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, emotional distracters, fearful faces, neuroticism, emotion regulation, cognitive compensation, reaction time

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