Alexithymia in autism: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with social-communication difficulties, anxiety and depression symptoms
Open accessAbstract
Background: Alexithymia (difficulties in identifying and describing emotion) is a transdiagnostic trait implicated in social–emotional and mental health problems in the general population. Many autistic individuals experience significant social-communication difficulties and elevated anxiety/depression and alexithymia. Nevertheless, the role of alexithymia in explaining individual variability in the quality/severity of social-communication difficulties and/or anxiety and depression symptoms in autism remains poorly understood. Methods: In total, 337 adolescents and adults (autism N = 179) were assessed for alexithymia on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and for social-communication difficulties, anxiety and depression symptoms. A total of 135 individuals (autism N = 76) were followed up 12–24 months later. We used regression models to establish cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between alexithymia, social-communication difficulties, anxiety and depression symptoms. Results: Autistic individuals reported significantly higher alexithymia than comparison individuals ( p < 0.001, r effect size = 0.48), with 47.3% of autistic females and 21.0% of autistic males meeting cut-off for clinically relevant alexithymia (score ⩾61). Difficulties in describing feelings were particularly associated with current self-reported social-communication difficulties [ p < 0.001, β = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.67] and predicted later social-communication difficulties ( p = 0.02, β = 0.43, 95% CI 0.07–0.82). Difficulties in identifying feelings were particularly associated with current anxiety symptom severity ( p < 0.001, β = 0.54, 95% CI 0.41–0.77) and predicted later anxiety ( p = 0.01; β = 0.31, 95% CI 0.08–0.62). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that difficulties in identifying v . describing emotion are associated with differential clinical outcomes in autism. Psychological therapies targeting emotional awareness may improve social-communication and anxiety symptoms in autism, potentially conferring long-term benefits.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Alexithymia is implicated in depression and anxiety in autistic youth.
“Alexithymia is implicated in a range of mental health difficulties in autistic youth, including depression and anxiety (Milosavljevic et al., 2016; Oakley et al., 2022).”
From Investigating the Effects of Transdiagnostic Processes on Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Autistic Young People: the Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation. (2025) · cites this paper as Oakley et al., 2022
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893 · Cited by 14,407 · see citing works
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (2011) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t00742-000 · Cited by 7,535 · see citing works
Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Taylor, G. J. (1994) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1 · Cited by 5,293 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: current status and future prospects
Gross, J. J. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2014.940781 · Cited by 5,229 · see citing works
Handbook of Emotion Regulation
Lambert, K. G. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.15.1808 · Cited by 4,900 · see citing works
Norman, G. R., Sloan, J. A., & Wyrwich, K. W. (2003) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000062554.74615.4c · Cited by 4,700 · see citing works
Maenner, M. J., Shaw, K. A., Baio, J., EdS1, Washington, A., Patrick, M., DiRienzo, M., Christensen, D. L., Wiggins, L. D., Pettygrove, S., et al. (2020) · MMWR. Surveillance Summaries · doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss6904a1 · Cited by 3,780 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Autism is one of the most common, lifelong neurodevelopmental conditions, with a prevalence of ∼ 1.9% (Maenner et al., 2020) – characterised by core traits of social-communication difficulties and restricted and repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialSimonoff, E., Pickles, A., Charman, T., Chandler, S., Loucas, T., & Baird, G. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318179964f · Cited by 3,399 · see citing works
Self-citation(2007) · Cited by 3,233 · see citing works
Handbook of Cognition and Emotion
Dalgleish, T., & Power, M. (1999) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0470013494 · Cited by 2,789 · see citing works
Baird, G., Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Chandler, S., Loucas, T., Meldrum, D., & Charman, T. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69041-7 · Cited by 2,104 · see citing works
Self-citationSelf-focused attention and negative affect: A meta-analysis.
Mor, N., & Winquist, J. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.638 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale
Parker, J. D. A., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00578-0 · Cited by 1,036 · see citing works
Hollocks, M. J., Lerh, J. W., Magiati, I., Meiser-Stedman, R., & Brugha, T. S. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718002283 · Cited by 988 · see citing works
What should autism research focus upon? Community views and priorities from the United Kingdom
Pellicano, E., Dinsmore, A., & Charman, T. (2014) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361314529627 · Cited by 800 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Hence, research on mechanisms associated with co-occurring anxiety and depression in autism has been declared a research priority (Autistica, 2017; Pellicano, Dinsmore, & Charman, 2014), for which alexithymia may provide a tractable treatment target.”
Self-citationLam, K. S. L., & Aman, M. G. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0213-z · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Mandy, W., Chilvers, R., Chowdhury, U., Salter, G., Seigal, A., & Skuse, D. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1356-0 · Cited by 715 · see citing works
Empathic brain responses in insula are modulated by levels of alexithymia but not autism
Bird, G., Silani, G., Brindley, R., White, S., Frith, U., & Singer, T. (2010) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq060 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Alexithymia : a view of the psychosomatic process
Nemiah, J. C. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 626 · see citing works
How we know our own minds: The relationship between mindreading and metacognition
Carruthers, P. (2009) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x09000545 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Mixed emotions: the contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of autism
Bird, G., & Cook, R. (2013) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2013.61 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Investigating alexithymia in autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Kinnaird, E., Stewart, C., & Tchanturia, K. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.09.004 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Discrepancies between dimensions of interoception in autism: implications for emotion and anxiety
Garfinkel, S. N., Tiley, C., O'Keeffe, S., Harrison, N. A., Seth, A. K., & Critchley, H. D. (2016) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.12.003 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Oakley, B. F. M., Brewer, R., Bird, G., & Catmur, C. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000182 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Self-citationBerthoz, S., & Hill, E. L. (2005) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.06.013 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Alexithymia: A general deficit of interoception
Brewer, R., Cook, R., & Bird, G. (2016) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.150664 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Alexithymia, Not Autism, Predicts Poor Recognition of Emotional Facial Expressions
Cook, R., Brewer, R., Shah, P., & Bird, G. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797612463582 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Bullying Among Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Prevalence and Perception
van Roekel, E., Scholte, R. H. J., & Didden, R. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-009-0832-2 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: Where we are and where we need to go
Cai, R. Y., Richdale, A. L., Uljarević, M., Dissanayake, C., & Samson, A. C. (2018) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1968 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: a transdiagnostic perspective on a new RDoC domain
Fernandez, K. C., Jazaieri, H., & Gross, J. J. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9772-2 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Alexithymia and Interpersonal Problems
Spitzer, C., Siebel, U., Barnow, S., Grabe, H. J., & Freyberger, H. J. (2005) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000085148 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Leyfer, O. T., Ruberg, J. L., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2006) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2005.05.004 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Loth, E., Charman, T., Mason, L., Tillmann, J., Jones, E. J. H., Wooldridge, C., Ahmad, J., Auyeung, B., Brogna, C., Ambrosino, S., et al. (2017) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0146-8 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Self-citationRieffe, C. J., Oosterveld, P., Miers, A. C., Terwogt, M. M., & Ly, V. (2008) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.08.001 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Alexithymia and Somatization in General Population
Mattila, A. K., Kronholm, E., Jula, A., Salminen, J. K., Koivisto, A., Mielonen, R.-L., & Joukamaa, M. I. (2008) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31816ffc39 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Effect of Alexithymia on the Process and Outcome of Psychotherapy: A Programmatic Review
Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Piper, W. E., & Joyce, A. S. (2011) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.026 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Risk and protective factors underlying depression and suicidal ideation in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Hedley, D., Uljarević, M., Foley, K.-R., Richdale, A., & Trollor, J. (2018) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22759 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Alexithymia and interpersonal problems
Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., Meganck, R., & Bogaerts, S. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20324 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Brewer, R., Biotti, F., Catmur, C., Press, C., Happé, F., Cook, R., & Bird, G. (2016) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1508 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Mazefsky, C. A., Borue, X., Day, T. N., & Minshew, N. J. (2014) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1366 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Sampling the form of inner experience in three adults with Asperger syndrome
Hurlburt, R. T., Happé, F., & Frith, U. (1994) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700027367 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Murphy, J., Catmur, C., & Bird, G. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000366 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Alexithymia and personality in relation to dimensions of psychopathology
Grabe, H. J., Spitzer, C., & Freyberger, H. J. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1299 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Changes in Alexithymia Following Psychological Intervention: A Review
Cameron, K., Ogrodniczuk, J., & Hadjipavlou, G. (2014) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000036 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Adapting psychological therapies for autism
Cooper, K., Loades, M. E., & Russell, A. (2018) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.002 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Alexithymia and Outcome in Psychotherapy
Grabe, H., Frommer, J., Ankerhold, A., Ulrich, C., Gröger, R., Franke, G., Barnow, S., Freyberger, H., & Spitzer, C. (2008) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000119739 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): clinical characterisation
Charman, T., Loth, E., Tillmann, J., Crawley, D., Wooldridge, C., Goyard, D., Ahmad, J., Auyeung, B., Ambrosino, S., Banaschewski, T., et al. (2017) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0145-9 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Self-citationSamson, A. C., Hardan, A. Y., Lee, I. A., Phillips, J. M., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2388-7 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Milosavljevic, B., Carter Leno, V., Simonoff, E., Baird, G., Pickles, A., Jones, C. R. G., Erskine, C., Charman, T., & Happé, F. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2670-8 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationWhite, S. W., Simmons, G. L., Gotham, K. O., Conner, C. M., Smith, I. C., Beck, K. B., & Mazefsky, C. A. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0949-0 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Modern Trends in Psychosomatic Medicine—3
(1977) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.53.620.350-c · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Conner, C. M., White, S. W., Beck, K. B., Golt, J., Smith, I. C., & Mazefsky, C. A. (2019) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361318810709 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Cassidy, S. A., Bradley, L., Bowen, E., Wigham, S., & Rodgers, J. (2018) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1922 · Cited by 144 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…were chosen on the basis of their fast administration time (reducing longitudinal participant burden) and ability to accurately screen for mental health problems in general population and autism samples (Cassidy, Bradley, Bowen, Wigham, & Rodgers, 2018; Leyfer, Ruberg, & Woodruff-Borden, 2006).”
The psychophysiological mechanisms of alexithymia in autism spectrum disorder
Gaigg, S. B., Cornell, A. S., & Bird, G. (2018) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316667062 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Müller, L. E., Schulz, A., Andermann, M., Gäbel, A., Gescher, D. M., Spohn, A., Herpertz, S. C., & Bertsch, K. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1252 · Cited by 141 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Adaptive emotion regulation may also be impeded by broader difficulties in interpreting internal bodily states (i.e. interoception) that indicate heightened arousal or anxiety, such as elevated heart and breathing rate (Garfinkel, Eccles, & Critchley, 2015; Müller et al., 2015).”
Awareness of single and multiple emotions in high-functioning children with autism
Rieffe, C., Meerum Terwogt, M., & Kotronopoulou, K. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0171-5 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Modeling the cognitive mechanisms linking autism symptoms and anxiety in adults.
Maisel, M. E., Stephenson, K. G., South, M., Rodgers, J., Freeston, M. H., & Gaigg, S. B. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000168 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Loth, E., Garrido, L., Ahmad, J., Watson, E., Duff, A., & Duchaine, B. (2018) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-018-0187-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationHeaton, P., Reichenbacher, L., Sauter, D., Allen, R., Scott, S., & Hill, E. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712000621 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Salminen, J. K., Saarijärvi, S., Ääirelä, E., & Tamminen, T. (1994) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90020-5 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Kojima, M. (2012) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/1751-0759-6-21 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Alexithymia in children with and without autism spectrum disorders
Griffin, C., Lombardo, M. V., & Auyeung, B. (2016) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1569 · Cited by 114 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Second, due to the lack of availability of self-report alexithymia measures for children and individuals with intellectual disability (Griffin, Lombardo, & Auyeung, 2016; Loas, Braun, Delhaye, & Linkowski, 2017), we were only able to include autistic individuals aged ⩾ 12 years, with IQ ⩾ 67.”
BackgroundEmotional language processing in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review
Lartseva, A., Dijkstra, T., & Buitelaar, J. (2015) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00991 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationAre emotion recognition abilities related to everyday social functioning in ASD? A meta-analysis
Trevisan, D. A., & Birmingham, E. (2016) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.004 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Trevisan, D. A., Bowering, M., & Birmingham, E. (2016) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-016-0108-6 · Cited by 107 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Furthermore, alexithymia in autism has been shown to relate to reductions and/or differences in the production of emotion expressions (Trevisan, Bowering, & Birmingham, 2016; Wagner & Lee, 2008) and emotional empathy towards others (Bird et al., 2010).”
Mood disorders in high-functioning autism: the importance of alexithymia and emotional regulation
Morie, K. P., Jackson, S., Zhai, Z. W., Potenza, M. N., & Dritschel, B. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04020-1 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Walters, S., Loades, M., & Russell, A. (2016) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-016-0072-2 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Loas, G., Braun, S., Delhaye, M., & Linkowski, P. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177982 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
The Modifier Model of Autism and Social Development in Higher Functioning Children
Mundy, P. C., Henderson, H. A., Inge, A. P., & Coman, D. C. (2007) · Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities · doi:10.2511/rpsd.32.2.124 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Alexithymia and individual differences in emotional expression
Wagner, H. L., & Lee, V. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.001 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Hobson, H., Hogeveen, J., Brewer, R., Catmur, C., Gordon, B., Krueger, F., Chau, A., Bird, G., & Grafman, J. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.037 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Capriola, N. N., Maddox, B., & White, S. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2827-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Alexithymia from the Social Neuroscience Perspective
Berthoz, S., Pouga, L., & Wessa, M. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342161.013.0060 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Hobson, H., Westwood, H., Conway, J. R., McEwen, F. S., Colvert, E., Catmur, C., Bird, G., & Happe, F. G. E. (2020) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101531 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Conceptualising paranoia in ASD: A systematic review and development of a theoretical framework
Spain, D., Sin, J., & Freeman, D. H. (2016) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.002 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Bothe, E., Palermo, R., Rhodes, G., Burton, N., & Jeffery, L. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04158-y · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Heart, the Brain, and the Regulation of Emotion
Garfinkel, S. N., Eccles, J., & Critchley, H. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1493 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Emotion awareness and cognitive behavioural therapy in young people with autism spectrum disorder
Roberts‐Collins, C., Mahoney‐Davies, G., Russell, A., Booth, A., & Loades, M. E. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361317710215 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual – 5th edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
- Beck, A., Beck, J., Jolly, J., & Steer, R. (2005). Beck youth InventoriesTM – second edition for children and adolescents (BYI-II). Torrance, CA: Western Psychological Services.
- Constantino, & Gruber. (2012). Social responsiveness scale, second edition (SRS-2). Torrance, CA: Western Psychological Services.
- National Institute of Health and Care Excellence. (2013). Autism spectrum disorder in under 19s: support and management. Retrieved from https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg170 34283415
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Moore, H. L., Brice, S., Powell, L., Ingham, B., Freeston, M., Parr, J. R., & Rodgers, J. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05312-1 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults
Riedelbauch, S., Gaigg, S. B., Thiel, T., Roessner, V., & Ring, M. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613231177777 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“…to around 10% in the general population, about 50% of autistic individuals report high levels of ALX (Kinnaird et al., 2019), and there is consistent evidence for a link between ALX and anxiety in both autistic as well as non-autistic individuals (Milosavljevic et al., 2016; Oakley et al., 2020).”
BackgroundBarnes, G. L., Ozsivadjian, A., Baird, G., Absoud, M., & Hollocks, M. J. (2025) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-024-06246-0 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ansiedad y trastornos del espectro del autismo: notas para la intervención psicoeducativa
Sánchez-Cueva, M. S., Alcantud Marín, F., & Alonso-Esteban, Y. (2022) · Siglo Cero: Revista Española sobre Discapacidad Intelectual · doi:10.14201/scero2022534930 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Estas dificultades parecen estar relacionadas con una peor evolución en los síntomas clínicos (Oakley et al., 2020).”
Background
- Authors
- Oakley, B. F. M., Jones, E. J. H., Crawley, D., Charman, T., Buitelaar, J., Tillmann, J., Murphy, D. G., Loth, E., & The EU-AIMS LEAP Group
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Birkbeck, University of London (GB)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Oakley, Bethany F. M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2020-10-08
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1458-1470
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- PMC
- PMC9226426
- OpenAlex
- W3091896502
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 7.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Autism Speaks (777394, 115300)
- Brandeis University
- European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (777394, AIMS-2-TRIALS)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- European Commission (2007–2013, HORIZON2020, 115300, 777394)
- Innovative Medicines Initiative (AIMS-2- TRIALS, 115300, 777394)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- alexithymia, autism spectrum disorder, social communication deficits, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, emotional awareness, longitudinal prediction, adolescents and adults with autism, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Anxiety, Autistic Disorder, Communication, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
