Research strategies for capturing transactional models of development: The limits of the possible
Abstract
Transactional models have informed research design and interpretation in studies relevant to developmental psychopathology. Bidirectional effects between individuals and social contexts have been found in many behavioral and cognitive domains. This review will highlight representative studies where the transactional model has been explicitly or implicitly tested. These studies include experimental, quasiexperimental, and naturalistic designs. Extensions of the transactional model have been made to interventions designed to target different aspects of a bidirectional system in efforts to improve developmental outcomes. Problems remain in the need to theoretically specify structural models and to combine analyses of transactions in the parent-child relationship with transactions in the broader social contexts. Longitudinal studies with sufficient time points to assess reciprocal processes continue to be important. Such longitudinal investigations will permit identifying developmental periods where the child or the context may be most influential or most open to change.
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The relationship between parenting and child emotional or behavioural problems is conceptualised as bidirectional, with parents and children shaping each other's behaviour.
“The causal pathway between parenting and child emotional or behavioural problems has long been conceptualised as bidirectional, with parents and children impacting and shaping one another's behaviour (Bell 1977;Paschall 2016;Sameroff 2003).”
From Mindfulness-enhanced parenting programmes for improving the psychosocial outcomes of children (0 to 18 years) and their parents (2024) · cites this paper as Sameroff 2003
The causal relationship between parenting and child emotional or behavioural problems is bidirectional.
“The causal pathway between parenting and child emotional or behavioural problems has long been conceptualised as bidirectional, with parents and children impacting and shaping one another's behaviour (Bell 1977;Paschall 2016;Sameroff 2003).”
From Mindfulness-enhanced parenting programmes for improving the psychosocial outcomes of children (0 to 18 years) and their parents (2024) · cites this paper as Sameroff 2003
There is an interaction between parenting practices and psychological development in children.
“There is an interaction between parenting practices and psychological development in children (Sameroff & Mackenzie, 2003).”
From Helicopter Parenting and Emotional Problems in Chinese Emerging Adults: Are there Cross-lagged Effects and the Mediations of Autonomy? (2023) · cites this paper as Sameroff & Mackenzie, 2003
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- Authors
- SAMEROFF, A. J., & MACKENZIE, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2003-08-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 613-640
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W2145587848
- Cited by
- 888
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 48
- FWCI
- 10.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- bidirectional effects, developmental psychopathology, parent-child relationship, social environment, reciprocal processes, structural model, longitudinal study design, developmental stages
- MeSH terms
- Aggression, Child, Child Abuse, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Object Attachment, Parent-Child Relations, Personality Development, Personality Disorders, Psychological Theory, Research Design, Risk Factors, Substance-Related Disorders
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