Patterns of neuropsychological impairment in MCI patients with small subcortical infarcts or hippocampal atrophy
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We investigated whether MCI patients with hippocampal atrophy or multiple subcortical infarcts demonstrate neuropsychological patterns and markers considered typical of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of vascular dementia (VD), respectively. An extensive neuropsychological battery, including tests of memory, visual-spatial and executive functions, language, attention, praxis and psychomotor speed, was administered to 36 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with hippocampal atrophy and 41 MCI patients with multiple subcortical infarcts. Both groups of MCI patients were very mildly impaired and well matched in terms of MMSE scores. A clear, disproportionately severe, episodic memory disorder was observed in MCI patients with hippocampal atrophy. A less specific neuropsychological profile, consisting of impairment on an Action Naming task that is sensitive to frontal lobe lesions, was observed in MCI patients with multiple subcortical infarcts. In MCI patients, a disproportionately severe episodic memory impairment strongly points to an Alzheimer's type brain pathology, whereas the prevalence of executive deficits and other frontal lobe symptoms are a much weaker diagnostic marker of small vessel subcortical disease. (JINS, 2008, 14, 611–619.)
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Executive dysfunction has not been shown to specifically point to cerebrovascular disease, whereas a pattern of memory deficits may be associated more with Alzheimer disease and its associated pathology than with cerebrovascular disease.
“Executive dysfunction has not been shown to specifically point to cerebrovascular disease, whereas a pattern of memory deficits may be associated more with Alzheimer disease and its associated pathology than with cerebrovascular disease.”
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- Authors
- GAINOTTI, G., FERRACCIOLI, M., VITA, M. G., & MARRA, C.
- Affiliations
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
- Corresponding author
- GAINOTTI, GUIDO
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-06-25
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 611-619
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- OpenAlex
- W2098427563
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- mild cognitive impairment, hippocampal atrophy, subcortical infarcts, cerebral small vessel disease, episodic memory impairment, executive dysfunction, action naming, frontal lobe lesions, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, neuropsychological profile, differential diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Atrophy, Attention, Cognition Disorders, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Frontal Lobe, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Mental Recall, Dementia, Multi-Infarct
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