Short-Chain Fatty Acids Suppress Inflammatory Reactions in Caco-2 Cells and Mouse Colons
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, play an important role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. In the present study, anti-inflammatory effects of SCFAs were examined in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and mouse colonic cultures. Stimulation of Caco-2 cells with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced interleukin (IL)-8 (TNF-α, 17.1 ± 7.2 vs Control, 1.00 ± 0.26, P < 0.01) and IL-6 expression (TNF-α, 21.7 ± 10.0 vs Control, 1.00 ± 0.28, P < 0.01) through the activation of nuclear factor κB p65, spleen tyrosine kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Pretreatment of cells with acetate (5 mM, IL-8 1.23 ± 0.40, IL-6 2.19 ± 0.92, P < 0.01 ), propionate (2.5 mM, IL-8 2.45 ± 2.10, IL-6 2.19 ± 0.92, P < 0.01), or butyrate (0.625 mM, IL-8 1.44 ± 0.70, IL-6 2.31 ± 0.32, P < 0.01) suppressed inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α. Pharmacological inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)-1 attenuated the suppression of inflammatory signals by SCFAs. High expression levels of CXC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2, an IL-8 homologue, DSS, 31.7 ± 9.8 vs Control, 1.00 ± 0.70, P < 0.01) and IL-6 (DSS, 17.5 ± 7.2 vs Control, 1.00 ± 0.68, P < 0.01) were observed in BALB/c mouse colonic cultures exposed to dextran sodium sulfate, whereas treatments with mixtures of SCFAs decreased these elevated expression levels (CXCL2 4.14 ± 2.88, IL-6 0.58 ± 0.28, P < 0.01). Our results suggest that SCFAs transported by MCT-1 suppress TNF-α-induced inflammatory signaling in intestinal cells.
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SCFAs play an important role in human neurological illnesses because of anti-inflammatory properties and capacity to strengthen the BBB.
“SCFAs play an important role in human neurological illnesses because of their anti-inflammatory properties and their capacity to strengthen the BBB [78,79].”
From Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067 in MPTP-Induced Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [78]
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- Authors
- Hung, T. V., & Suzuki, T.
- Affiliations
- Hiroshima University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Suzuki, Takuya
- Venue
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-12-26
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 108-117
- ISSN
- 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5118
- OpenAlex
- W2772054897
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16K07737)
- B? Gi?o d?c v? ??o t?o
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- short-chain fatty acids, butyrate, propionate, acetate, anti-inflammatory activity, intestinal inflammation, TNF-α, interleukin-8, interleukin-6, NF-κB p65, Syk, mitogen-activated protein kinase, MCT1, CXCL2, DSS-induced colitis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Colitis, Colon, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Proteins, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Interleukin-8, Dextran Sulfate, Caco-2 Cells
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