Cited by 168Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchEnvironmental Toxicology and EcotoxicologyToxic Organic Pollutants Impact

Novel perspectives on the bioaccumulation of PFCs–the concentration dependency

Liu, Changhui, Gin, Karina Y. H., Chang, Victor W. C., Goh, Beverly P. L., Reinhard, Martin·2011·Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

The effects of exposure concentration on the bioaccumulation of four perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs): perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluoroocanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), was investigated using green mussels, Perna viridis. Mussels were exposed to concentrations of 1 μgL(-1) and 10 μgL(-1) of each PFC for 56 days, and the bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were found to range from 15 to 859 L/kg and from 12 to 473 L/kg at 1 μgL(-1) and 10 μgL(-1), respectively. For all compounds, the BAF was larger at the lower dosage. Results suggest that the bioaccumulation of PFCs is concentration dependent. This concentration dependency can be explained by a nonlinear adsorption mechanism, which was further supported by the experimental results. The sensitivity of BAF to exposure concentration was found to be positively related to perfluorinated chain length and the binding affinity of the compounds. Bioaccumulation of long chain carboxylates and sulfonates are more easily affected by concentration changes. The validity of the conventional kinetic method was examined by comparing the results with the fundamental steady-state method: in addition to the above-mentioned batch test, mussels were also subject to 24-day exposure (1 μgL(-1) and 10 μgL(-1)) followed by 24-day depuration. Contradictions were found in the resulting kinetic BAF and model curving fittings. A new kinetic model based on adsorption mechanism was proposed, which potentially provide more accurate description of the bioaccumulation process of PFCs.

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Crossref · 10.1021/es202078n

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Authors
Liu, C., Gin, K. Y. H., Chang, V. W. C., Goh, B. P. L., & Reinhard, M.
Affiliations
  • Nanyang Technological University (SG)
  • National University of Singapore (SG)
  • National Institute of Education (SG)
  • Stanford University (US)
Corresponding author
Chang, Victor W. C.
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Published
2011-10-11
Volume
45
Issue
22
Pages
9758-9764
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
OpenAlex
W2321243316
Cited by
168
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 10
FWCI
9.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Keywords
perfluorinated compounds, bioaccumulation, bioaccumulation factor, PFOS, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, perfluorodecanoic acid, Perna viridis, nonlinear sorption, adsorption kinetics, chain length, binding affinity, steady-state method, depuration, kinetic model
MeSH terms
Animals, Decanoic Acids, Environmental Monitoring, Fluorocarbons, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Perna

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