Toxicokinetics of Seven Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic and Carboxylic Acids in Pigs Fed a Contaminated Diet
Abstract
The transfer of a mixture of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from contaminated feed into the edible tissues of 24 fattening pigs was investigated. Four perfluoroalkyl sulfonic (PFSAs) and three perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) were quantifiable in feed, plasma, edible tissues, and urine. As percentages of unexcreted PFAA, the substances accumulated in plasma (up to 51%), fat, and muscle tissues (collectively, meat 40-49%), liver (under 7%), and kidney (under 2%) for most substances. An exception was perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), with lower affinity for plasma (23%) and higher for liver (35%). A toxicokinetic model is developed to quantify the absorption, distribution, and excretion of PFAAs and to calculate elimination half-lives. Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), a PFCA, had the shortest half-life at 4.1 days. PFSAs are eliminated more slowly (e.g., half-life of 634 days for PFOS). PFAAs in pigs exhibit longer elimination half-lives than in most organisms reported in the literature, but still shorter than in humans.
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The high HSA binding affinities of PFHxS and PFHpA are consistent with long blood plasma elimination half-lives reported for PFHxS in humans and for PFHpA and PFHxS in pigs.
“These observations are consistent with long blood plasma elimination half-lives reported for PFHxS in humans [54,55] and for PFHpA and PFHxS in pigs [56].”
From In-Vitro and In-Silico Assessment of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) Binding to Human Serum Albumin (2021) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Numata, J., Kowalczyk, J., Adolphs, J., Ehlers, S., Schafft, H., Fuerst, P., Müller-Graf, C., Lahrssen-Wiederholt, M., & Greiner, M.
- Affiliations
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) (DE)
- Johannes Kepler University of Linz (AT)
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Münsterland-Emscher-Lippe (DE)
- BfR − Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Numata, Jorge
- Venue
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-06-30
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 28
- Pages
- 6861-6870
- ISSN
- 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5118
- OpenAlex
- W2334536065
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OpenAgrar (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Keywords
- perfluoroalkyl acids, perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids, perfluorinated carboxylic acids, PFOS, perfluorohexanoic acid, toxicokinetics, pigs, feed contamination, tissue distribution, elimination half-life, toxicokinetic modeling, edible tissues, plasma
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Carboxylic Acids, Female, Fluorocarbons, Food Contamination, Half-Life, Male, Meat, Sulfonic Acids, Sus scrofa, Food Safety, Toxicokinetics
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