The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cellular Uptake and Fate of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles Is Dependent on Both Cell-Penetration Peptides and Particle Size
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined how the cellular delivery of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is influenced by different physical and chemical characteristics; however, the complex relationship between AuNP size, uptake efficiency and intracellular localization remains only partially understood. Here we examine the cellular uptake of a series of AuNPs ranging in diameter from 2.4 to 89 nm that are synthesized and made soluble with poly(ethylene glycol)-functionalized dithiolane ligands terminating in either carboxyl or methoxy groups and covalently conjugated to cell penetrating peptides. Following synthesis, extensive physical characterization of the AuNPs was performed with UV-vis absorption, gel electrophoresis, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Uptake efficiency and intracellular localization of the AuNP-peptide conjugates in a model COS-1 cell line were probed with a combination of silver staining, fluorescent counterstaining, and dual mode fluorescence coupled to nonfluorescent scattering. Our findings show that AuNP cellular uptake is directly dependent on the surface display of the cell-penetrating peptide and that the ultimate intracellular destination is further determined by AuNP diameter. The smallest 2.4 nm AuNPs were found to localize in the nucleus, while intermediate 5.5 and 8.2 nm particles were partially delivered into the cytoplasm, showing a primarily perinuclear fate along with a portion of the nanoparticles appearing to remain at the membrane. The 16 nm and larger AuNPs did not enter the cells and were located at the cellular periphery. A preliminary assessment of cytotoxicity demonstrated minimal effects on cellular viability following peptide-mediated uptake.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
RETRACTED: Polyethylenimine nanoparticles as efficient transfecting agents for mammalian cells
Nimesh, S., Goyal, A., Pawar, V., Jayaraman, S., Kumar, P., Chandra, R., Singh, Y. P., & Gupta, K. C. (2005) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.10.014 · Cited by 97
RetractedRETRACTED ARTICLE: Engineered Polyallylamine Nanoparticles for Efficient In Vitro Transfection
Pathak, A., Aggarwal, A., Kurupati, R. K., et al. (2007) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-007-9259-7 · Cited by 49
RetractedDaniel, M.-C., & Astruc, D. (2004) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr030698+ · Cited by 12,446
Determining the Size and Shape Dependence of Gold Nanoparticle Uptake into Mammalian Cells
Chithrani, B. D., Ghazani, A. A., & Chan, W. C. W. (2006) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl052396o · Cited by 4,879
Mammen, M., Choi, S.-K., & Whitesides, G. M. (1998) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19981102)37:20<2754::aid-anie2754>3.0.co;2-3 · Cited by 4,110
Gold nanoparticles in nanomedicine: preparations, imaging, diagnostics, therapies and toxicity
Boisselier, E., & Astruc, D. (2009) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b806051g · Cited by 2,842
Lewinski, N., Colvin, V., & Drezek, R. (2008) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200700595 · Cited by 2,810
Nanoparticle-mediated cellular response is size-dependent
Jiang, W., Kim, B. Y. S., Rutka, J. T., & Chan, W. C. W. (2008) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2008.30 · Cited by 2,776
Gold nanoparticles in delivery applications☆
GHOSH, P., HAN, G., DE, M., KIM, C., & ROTELLO, V (2008) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2008.03.016 · Cited by 2,694
Effect of Surface Properties on Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions
Verma, A., & Stellacci, F. (2010) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200901158 · Cited by 2,619
Scanometric DNA Array Detection with Nanoparticle Probes
Taton, T. A., Mirkin, C. A., & Letsinger, R. L. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5485.1757 · Cited by 2,411
Gold Nanoparticles for Biology and Medicine
Giljohann, D. A., Seferos, D. S., Daniel, W. L., Massich, M. D., Patel, P. C., & Mirkin, C. A. (2010) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200904359 · Cited by 2,356
Nuclear targeting sequences — a consensus?
Dingwall, C., & Laskey, R. A. (1991) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(91)90184-w · Cited by 1,876
Gold Nanoparticles in Biology: Beyond Toxicity to Cellular Imaging
Murphy, C. J., Gole, A. M., Stone, J. W., Sisco, P. N., Alkilany, A. M., Goldsmith, E. C., & Baxter, S. C. (2008) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar800035u · Cited by 1,807
Immunotargeted Nanoshells for Integrated Cancer Imaging and Therapy
Loo, C., Lowery, A., Halas, N., West, J., & Drezek, R. (2005) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl050127s · Cited by 1,792
Khlebtsov, N., & Dykman, L. (2011) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/c0cs00018c · Cited by 1,584
Use of an Aqueous Soluble Tetrazolium/Formazan Assay for Cell Growth Assays in Culture
Cory, A. H., Owen, T. C., Barltrop, J. A., & Cory, J. G. (1991) · Cancer Communications · doi:10.3727/095535491820873191 · Cited by 1,519
Toxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles: what we have learned so far?
Alkilany, A. M., & Murphy, C. J. (2010) · Journal of Nanoparticle Research · doi:10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8 · Cited by 1,485
(2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-370501-3.x0001-x · Cited by 1,367
Surface-structure-regulated cell-membrane penetration by monolayer-protected nanoparticles
Verma, A., Uzun, O., Hu, Y., Hu, Y., Han, H.-S., Watson, N., Chen, S., Irvine, D. J., & Stellacci, F. (2008) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat2202 · Cited by 1,266
Single-molecule and single-nanoparticle SERS: from fundamental mechanisms to biomedical applications
Qian, X.-M., & Nie, S. M. (2008) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b708839f · Cited by 1,105
Properties and Applications of Colloidal Nonspherical Noble Metal Nanoparticles
Sau, T. K., Rogach, A. L., Jäckel, F., Klar, T. A., & Feldmann, J. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200902557 · Cited by 1,023
Glutathione-Mediated Delivery and Release Using Monolayer Protected Nanoparticle Carriers
Hong, R., Han, G., Fernández, J. M., Kim, B.-J., Forbes, N. S., & Rotello, V. M. (2006) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja056726i · Cited by 817
Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticle−Peptide Complexes for Nuclear Targeting
Tkachenko, A. G., Xie, H., Coleman, D., Glomm, W., Ryan, J., Anderson, M. F., Franzen, S., & Feldheim, D. L. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0296935 · Cited by 794
Nuclear Pore Complex Is Able to Transport Macromolecules with Diameters of ∼39 nm
Panté, N., & Kann, M. (2002) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.01-06-0308 · Cited by 776
Biomedical applications of dendrimers: a tutorial
Mintzer, M. A., & Grinstaff, M. W. (2011) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/b901839p · Cited by 671
Uptake and Intracellular Fate of Surface-Modified Gold Nanoparticles
Nativo, P., Prior, I. A., & Brust, M. (2008) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn800330a · Cited by 659
Effect of Nanoparticle Surface Charge at the Plasma Membrane and Beyond
Arvizo, R. R., Miranda, O. R., Thompson, M. A., Pabelick, C. M., Bhattacharya, R., Robertson, J. D., Rotello, V. M., Prakash, Y. S., & Mukherjee, P. (2010) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl101140t · Cited by 621
Susumu, K., Uyeda, H. T., Medintz, I. L., Pons, T., Delehanty, J. B., & Mattoussi, H. (2007) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0749744 · Cited by 517
Self-citationSurface charge of gold nanoparticles mediates mechanism of toxicity
Schaeublin, N. M., Braydich-Stolle, L. K., Schrand, A. M., Miller, J. M., Hutchison, J., Schlager, J. J., & Hussain, S. M. (2011) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c0nr00478b · Cited by 470
Roy, I., Ohulchanskyy, T. Y., Bharali, D. J., Pudavar, H. E., Mistretta, R. A., Kaur, N., & Prasad, P. N. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0408039101 · Cited by 457
Architecture and design of the nuclear pore complex
Hinshaw, J. E., Carragher, B. O., & Milligan, R. A. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90635-p · Cited by 453
Tkachenko, A. G., Xie, H., Liu, Y., Coleman, D., Ryan, J., Glomm, W. R., Shipton, M. K., Franzen, S., & Feldheim, D. L. (2004) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc034189q · Cited by 448
Compact Cysteine-Coated CdSe(ZnCdS) Quantum Dots for in Vivo Applications
Liu, W., Choi, H. S., Zimmer, J. P., Tanaka, E., Frangioni, J. V., & Bawendi, M. (2007) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja073790m · Cited by 415
Peptide-Conjugated Gold Nanorods for Nuclear Targeting
Oyelere, A. K., Chen, P. C., Huang, X., El-Sayed, I. H., & El-Sayed, M. A. (2007) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc070132i · Cited by 348
Tat Peptide as an Efficient Molecule To Translocate Gold Nanoparticles into the Cell Nucleus
de la Fuente, J. M., & Berry, C. C. (2005) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc050033+ · Cited by 342
Cho, E. C., Au, L., Zhang, Q., & Xia, Y. (2010) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200901622 · Cited by 331
Self-citationAu, L., Zheng, D., Zhou, F., Li, Z.-Y., Li, X., & Xia, Y. (2008) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn800370j · Cited by 330
Delivering quantum dots into cells: strategies, progress and remaining issues
Delehanty, J. B., Mattoussi, H., & Medintz, I. L. (2009) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-008-2410-4 · Cited by 328
Self-citationAdvances in PEGylation of important biotech molecules: delivery aspects
Ryan, S. M., Mantovani, G., Wang, X., Haddleton, D. M., & Brayden, D. J. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425247.5.4.371 · Cited by 323
Microglial Response to Gold Nanoparticles
Hutter, E., Boridy, S., Labrecque, S., Lalancette-Hébert, M., Kriz, J., Winnik, F. M., & Maysinger, D. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn901869f · Cited by 320
Hydrodynamic Dimensions, Electrophoretic Mobility, and Stability of Hydrophilic Quantum Dots
Pons, T., Uyeda, H. T., Medintz, I. L., & Mattoussi, H. (2006) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp065041h · Cited by 302
Self-citationWang, S.-H., Lee, C.-W., Chiou, A., & Wei, P.-K. (2010) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/1477-3155-8-33 · Cited by 286
Self-Assembled Quantum Dot−Peptide Bioconjugates for Selective Intracellular Delivery
Delehanty, J. B., Medintz, I. L., Pons, T., Brunel, F. M., Dawson, P. E., & Mattoussi, H. (2006) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/bc060044i · Cited by 264
Self-citationMakkerh, J. P. S., Dingwall, C., & Laskey, R. A. (1996) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00648-6 · Cited by 248
Vallhov, H., Qin, J., Johansson, S. M., Ahlborg, N., Muhammed, M. A., Scheynius, A., & Gabrielsson, S. (2006) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl060860z · Cited by 238
Gold nanoparticles delivery in mammalian live cells: a critical review
Lévy, R., Shaheen, U., Cesbron, Y., & Sée, V. (2010) · Nano Reviews · doi:10.3402/nano.v1i0.4889 · Cited by 213
Self-assembled nanoparticles containing hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan for gene delivery
Sang Yoo, H., Eun Lee, J., Chung, H., Chan Kwon, I., & Young Jeong, S. (2005) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.11.033 · Cited by 212
Mei, B. C., Susumu, K., Medintz, I. L., Delehanty, J. B., Mountziaris, T. J., & Mattoussi, H. (2008) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b810488c · Cited by 210
Self-citationSusumu, K., Mei, B. C., & Mattoussi, H. (2009) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2008.247 · Cited by 201
Self-citationOh, E., Susumu, K., Goswami, R., & Mattoussi, H. (2010) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la904438s · Cited by 173
Self-citationNanoparticles for Applications in Cellular Imaging
Thurn, K. T., Brown, E., Wu, A., Vogt, S., Lai, B., Maser, J., Paunesku, T., & Woloschak, G. E. (2007) · Nanoscale Research Letters · doi:10.1007/s11671-007-9081-5 · Cited by 173
Arginine-rich cell penetrating peptides: from endosomal uptake to nuclear delivery
Melikov, K., & Chernomordik, L. (2005) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5293-y · Cited by 159
Mei, B. C., Oh, E., Susumu, K., Farrell, D. F., Mountziaris, T. J., & Mattoussi, H. M. (2009) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la901423z · Cited by 152
Self-citationIntracellular cargo delivery using tat peptide and derivatives
Zhao, M., & Weissleder, R. (2003) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.10056 · Cited by 134
Delehanty, J. B., Bradburne, C. E., Boeneman, K., Susumu, K., Farrell, D. F., Mei, B. C., Blanco‐Canosa, J. B., Dawson, G., Dawson, P. E., Mattoussi, H. M., et al. (2010) · Integrative Biology · doi:10.1039/c0ib00002g · Cited by 130
Self-citationDobrovolskaia, M. A., Neun, B. W., Clogston, J. D., Ding, H., Ljubimova, J. Y., & McNeil, S. E. (2010) · Nanomedicine · doi:10.2217/nnm.10.29 · Cited by 117
Delehanty, J. B., Boeneman, K., Bradburne, C. E., Robertson, K. L., & Medintz, I. L. (2009) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425240903167934 · Cited by 109
Self-citationPeptide antisense nanoparticles
Patel, P. C., Giljohann, D. A., Seferos, D. S., & Mirkin, C. A. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0801609105 · Cited by 107
Delehanty, J. B., Boeneman, K., Bradburne, C. E., Robertson, K. L., Bongard, J. E., & Medintz, I. L. (2010) · Therapeutic Delivery · doi:10.4155/tde.10.27 · Cited by 100
Self-citationOptical Switching of Hierarchical Self‐Assembly: Towards “Enlightened” Materials
Hecht, S. (2004) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.200400059 · Cited by 81
Ianaro, A., Tersigni, M., & D’Acquisto, F. (2009) · Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1389557510909030306 · Cited by 62
Petersen, S., Barchanski, A., Taylor, U., Klein, S., Rath, D., & Barcikowski, S. (2010) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp1093614 · Cited by 61
Fadeel, B., Kagan, V. E., Krug, H. F., Shvedova, A. A., Svartengren, M., Tran, L., & Wiklund, L. (2007) · Nanotoxicology · doi:10.1080/17435390701565578 · Cited by 43
Long, M. J. C., Pan, Y., Lin, H., Hedstrom, L., & Xu, B. (2011) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja202767g · Cited by 38
Endotoxin contamination of engineered nanomaterials
Esch, R. K., Han, L., Foarde, K. K., & Ensor, D. (2010) · Nanotoxicology · doi:10.3109/17435390903428851 · Cited by 27
Cited by
Engineered nanoparticles interacting with cells: size matters
Shang, L., Nienhaus, K., & Nienhaus, G. U. (2014) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/1477-3155-12-5 · Cited by 1,316
Yusuf, A., Almotairy, A. R. Z., Henidi, H., Alshehri, O. Y., & Aldughaim, M. S. (2023) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym15071596 · Cited by 914
Gold nanoparticles for applications in cancer radiotherapy: Mechanisms and recent advancements
Her, S., Jaffray, D. A., & Allen, C. (2017) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.012 · Cited by 865
Farkhani, S. M., Valizadeh, A., Karami, H., Mohammadi, S., Sohrabi, N., & Badrzadeh, F. (2014) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2014.04.015 · Cited by 273
Potential of insulin nanoparticle formulations for oral delivery and diabetes treatment.
Wong, C. Y., Al-Salami, H., & Dass, C. R. (2017) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.003 · Cited by 257
Metadata
- Authors
- Oh, E., Delehanty, J. B., Sapsford, K. E., Susumu, K., Goswami, R., Blanco-Canosa, J. B., Dawson, P. E., Granek, J., Shoff, M., Zhang, Q., Goering, P. L., Huston, A., & Medintz, I. L.
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-07-20
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 6434-6448
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W1999592249
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 66
- FWCI
- 13.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
