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Unconditional Self-Acceptance and Psychological Health
Abstract
Low self-esteem is usually considered unhealthy, but according to rational-emotive behavior therapy, any level of self-esteem reflects a dysfunctional habit of globally evaluating one's worth; it would be preferable to accept oneself unconditionally. This hypothesis was tested by examining several correlates of scores on a novel questionnaire measure of unconditional self-acceptance (USA). In a nonclinical adult sample, statistically controlling for self-esteem, USA was inversely correlated with anxiety symptoms and with narcissism, positively correlated with state mood after imaginal exposure to negative events. Other predicted associations of USA (with depression, happiness, and self-deception) either were not evident or became non-significant when self-esteem was taken into account. Discussion centered on the conceptual and operational distinctions between self-esteem and self-acceptance. © 2001 Human Sciences Press, Inc.
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Unconditional self-acceptance in non-clinical samples has been shown to negatively correlate with anxiety.
“unconditional self-acceptance in non-clinical samples has been shown to negatively correlate with anxiety (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001)”
From Experiences of autism acceptance and mental health in autistic adults (2018) · cites this paper as Chamberlain and Haaga 2001
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Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.887 · Cited by 1,728
Experiences of autism acceptance and mental health in autistic adults
Cage, E., Di Monaco, J., & Newell, V. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3342-7 · Cited by 538
“Personal acceptance is also an important variable within mental health—for example, unconditional self-acceptance in non-clinical samples has been shown to negatively correlate with anxiety (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001) and depression (Flett et al.”
BackgroundEveryday mindfulness and mindfulness meditation: Overlapping constructs or not?
Thompson, B. L., & Waltz, J. A. (2007) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.06.017 · Cited by 309
The index of autonomous functioning: Development of a scale of human autonomy
Weinstein, N., Przybylski, A. K., & Ryan, R. M. (2012) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2012.03.007 · Cited by 313
“Acceptance of one's own good and bad qualities was measured using a scale adapted from the Unconditional Self- Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ: Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001).”
MethodTurner, M. J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01423 · Cited by 214
“USA is negatively related to depression and anxiety (Chamberlain and Haaga, 2001; Scott, 2007), and low USA can lead to self-blame and self-criticism (cf. Hill et al., 2008) and may increase the propensity for narcissism, downward social comparison (a person looks to another individual or group…”
BackgroundHill, A., Hall, H. K., Appleton, P. R., & Kozub, S. (2008) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.09.004 · Cited by 218
“4 years) completed an inventory that included Flett and Hewitt’s (1991) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Chamberlain and Haaga’s (2003) Unconditional Self-acceptance Scale, and Raedeke and Smith’s [(2001). Development and preliminary validation of an athlete burnout measure.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDimensions of Perfectionism, Unconditional Self-Acceptance, and Depression
Flett, G. L., Besser, A., Davis, R. A., & Hewitt, P. L. (2003) · Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1023/a:1025051431957 · Cited by 200
“Previous research has shown that low unconditional self-acceptance is associated with depression and depression proneness in student samples (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a, 2001b).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPsychosocial factors associated with talent development in football: A systematic review
Gledhill, A., Harwood, C., & Forsdyke, D. (2017) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.04.002 · Cited by 204
MACINNES, D. L. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.00959.x · Cited by 182
Mindfulness, Self-Esteem, and Unconditional Self-Acceptance
Thompson, B. L., & Waltz, J. A. (2007) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-007-0059-0 · Cited by 175
“Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ; Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a ).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKim, S., & Gal, D. (2014) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/676681 · Cited by 161
Acceptance: An Historical and Conceptual Review
Williams, J. C., & Lynn, S. J. (2010) · Imagination, Cognition and Personality · doi:10.2190/ic.30.1.c · Cited by 155
“…Dryden & Still, 2006), and study its relationship to other variables, such as psychopathology (e.g., Scott, 2007), psychological health (e.g., Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), self-esteem (e.g., MacInnes, 2006), mindfulness (Carson & Langer, 2006), and acceptance of others (e.g., Durm & Glaze,…”
BackgroundA Synopsis of Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT); Fundamental and Applied Research
David, D., Szentagotai, A., Eva, K., & Macavei, B. (2005) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-005-0011-0 · Cited by 147
Hall, H., Hill, A. P., Appleton, P. R., & Kozub, S. A. (2008) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.05.003 · Cited by 136
“90) and Chamberlain and Haaga’s (2001) Unconditional Self-Acceptance Scale (a 1⁄4 0.”
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Unconditional self-acceptance and responses to negative feedback
Chamberlain, J. M., & Haaga, D. A. F. (2001) · Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1023/a:1011141500670 · Cited by 116
“In our earlier study ( Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001 ), USA correlated negatively with depressive symptoms, but this association was weaker than the relation of USA with anxiety, and became nonsignificant when self-esteem was controlled statistically.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationWebb, J. B., & Forman, M. J. (2012) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.12.005 · Cited by 105
“The USAQ (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a) is a 20-item self-report measure designed to reflect major components of unconditional self-acceptance as distilled from rational-emotive behavior therapy (e.g., Ellis, 1962, 1995).”
BackgroundInfluentialLundh, L. (2004) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1023/b:jore.0000047311.12864.27 · Cited by 104
“The empirical associations between perfectionism, as measured by Hewitt and Flett’s (1991) MPS, and acceptance, as measured by the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire ( Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a ), have recently been studied by Flett, Besser, Davis, and Hewitt (2003).”
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“Nevertheless, it would be useful in future research to employ specific measures of REBT self-worth beliefs (Chadwick et al., 1999; Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), so as to explore the relationship between the two belief categories.”
InfluentialDimensions of Perfectionism and Self-worth Contingencies in Depression
Sturman, E. D., Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Rudolph, S. G. (2008) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-007-0079-9 · Cited by 84
“Some authors have focused on individual differences in self-acceptance and highlighted the role of unconditional self-acceptance in personal well-being (see Chamberlain and Haaga 2001; Davies 2006; Ellis and Dryden 1997).”
BackgroundMeasuring Dimensions of Perceived Discrimination in Five Stigmatized Groups
Molero, F. J., Recio, P., García‐Ael, C., Fuster, M. J. L., & Sanjuán, P. (2012) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0179-5 · Cited by 80
Self-Acceptance, Resilience, Coping and Satisfaction of Life in People Who Stutter
Plexico, L. W., Erath, S., Shores, H., & Burrus, E. (2019) · Journal of Fluency Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2018.10.004 · Cited by 81
The Strength of Self-Acceptance
Bernard, M. E. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6806-6 · Cited by 122
Davies, M. F. (2006) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-006-0027-0 · Cited by 73
“Unconditional self-acceptance was measured with the USAQ ( Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a ), a questionnaire consisting of 20 statements to which participants respond on a scale from 1 (‘‘almost always untrue’’) to 7 (‘‘almost always true’’).”
MethodInfluentialDIMENSIONS OF FRUSTRATION INTOLERANCE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SELF-CONTROL PROBLEMS
Harrington, N. (2005) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-005-0001-2 · Cited by 73
“The Rosenberg scale is also highly correlated (r = ).56) with an REBT measure of self-acceptance ( Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001 ).”
MethodKlussman, K., Curtin, N., Langer, J., & Nichols, A. (2022) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.3707 · Cited by 97
“Such research has found unique, positive associations between self-acceptance and overall mood as well as eudaimonic well-being (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001; MacInnes, 2006; Ranzijn & Luszcz, 1999).”
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“Whilst, facilitating positive affect is not the primary objective for REBT, it 348 encourages the client to abandon self-rating and self-esteem, in its place endorsing 349 Unconditional Self-Acceptance (USA; Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001).”
BackgroundSanjuán, P. (2010) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-010-9199-5 · Cited by 61
“Moreover, there is some study which has already shown that these constructs are virtually identical (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001).”
BackgroundThe Effect of Perfectionism and Unconditional Self-acceptance on Depression
Scott, J. (2007) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-006-0032-3 · Cited by 63
The Development of a Measure of Irrational/Rational Beliefs
Digiuseppe, R. A., Leaf, R. C., Gorman, B. S., & Robin, M. W. (2017) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-017-0273-3 · Cited by 58
Cunningham, R., & Turner, M. J. (2016) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-016-0240-4 · Cited by 54
“Research has found inverse relationships between selfacceptance and irrational beliefs (Davies 2008), anxiety (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001) and depressive mood states (Scott 2007).”
BackgroundInfluential5 The Behavioral Consequences of Irrational Beliefs
Szentágotai, A., & Jones, J. (2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182231.003.0005 · Cited by 51
A meta‐analysis of the relationship between rational beliefs and psychological distress
Oltean, H., & David, D. O. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22562 · Cited by 52
Stanković, S., & Vukosavljević-Gvozden, T. (2011) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-011-0128-2 · Cited by 50
“Although self-esteem and USA are highly correlated, they have independent relationships with other variables (anxiety, depression-proneness, narcissism, irrational beliefs), suggesting the distinction between these concepts is meaningful ( Chamberlain and Haaga 2001a, b; Davies 2007).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialDavid, D., Ionicioiu, I., Imbăruş, A. C., & Sava, F. A. (2016) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-016-0244-0 · Cited by 49
Davies, M. F. (2007) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-007-0061-6 · Cited by 48
“Recently, however, Chamberlain and Haaga (2001a) devised a measure consisting of 20 statements reflecting the various philosophical and practical aspects of unconditional self-acceptance distilled from the REBT literature.”
MethodCristea, I. A., Montgomery, G. H., Szamoskozi, Ş., & David, D. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.21976 · Cited by 47
Coping with HIV Related Stigma and Well-Being
Sanjuán, P., Molero, F. J., Fuster, M. J. L., & Nouvilas-Pallejà, E. (2012) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9350-6 · Cited by 50
When is unconditional self-acceptance a better predictor of mental health than self-esteem?
Popov, S. (2019) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-018-0310-x · Cited by 43
“Previous studies supported hypotheses related to the beneficial influence of USA on mental health indicators (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001a, b; Popov et al.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialLópez, M. P. S., García, M. E. A., & Dresch, V. (2013) · PubMed · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.1143.3122 · Cited by 42
Davies, M. F. (2007) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-007-0060-7 · Cited by 48
“Recently, however, Chamberlain and Haaga (2001a) devised a measure consisting of 20 statements reflecting the various philosophical and practical aspects of unconditional self-acceptance distilled from the REBT literature.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialJibeen, T. (2016) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-016-0251-1 · Cited by 40
Turner, M. J., Miller, A. J., Youngs, H., Barber, N., Brick, N., Chadha, N. J., Chandler, C., Coyle, M., Didymus, F. F., Evans, A. L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2042124 · Cited by 46
“Individuals who believe that they are a complete failure are more likely to also report greater self-doubt (Balkis & Duru, 2018) and lower self-esteem (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), both of which are important for wellbeing outcomes (e.g., Braslow et al., 2012; Henriksen et al., 2017).”
BackgroundCazalla-Luna, N., & López-Barajas, D. M. (2015) · REOP - Revista Española de Orientación y Psicopedagogía · doi:10.5944/reop.vol.25.num.3.2014.13858 · Cited by 37
Lu, Q., Wang, B., Zhang, R., Wang, J., Sun, F., & Zou, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837917 · Cited by 36
Zanov, M. V., & Davison, G. C. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-009-9271-9 · Cited by 36
“For instance, the paradigm has been dubbed as an ‘‘anger induction task’’ (Babcock et al. 2005, p. 445), an ‘‘aggressively challenging’’ task (Pitts 1997, p. 22), and a ‘‘mechanism for creating imaginal stress’’ (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001, p. 167).”
MethodBradley, C., Cordaro, D. T., Zhu, F., Vildostegui, M., Han, R. J., Brackett, M., & Jones, J. (2018) · Translational Issues in Psychological Science · doi:10.1037/tps0000162 · Cited by 35
“The Contentment & Balance series provides 10 lessons for cultivating a sense of unconditional self-acceptance (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001; Cordaro, Brackett, Glass, & Anderson, 2016) and developing healthier, more accepting T hi s do cu m en t is co py ri gh te d by th e A m er ic an Ps yc ho lo…”
A systematic review of the nature and efficacy of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy interventions
King, A. M., Plateau, C. R., Turner, M. J., Young, P. A., & Barker, J. B. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306835 · Cited by 38
“…measures used were broad in nature ( n = 33) or specific to certain rational/irrational beliefs (e.g., Uncon-ditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire [41]; n = 3) participant age (e.g., Child and Adolescent Survey of Irrational Belief Scale [42]; n = 5), participant role (e.g., Parent Rational and…”
BackgroundKong, L., Gao, Z., Xu, N., Shao, S., Ma, H., He, Q., Dehai, Z., Xu, H., & Qu, H. (2020) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101054 · Cited by 48
Body Image Dissatisfaction and Impulse Buying: A Moderated Mediation Model
Cai, Z., Gui, Y., Wang, D., Yang, H., Mao, P., & Wang, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653559 · Cited by 42
“In other words, self-acceptance is negatively correlated with negative emotions (Chamberlain and Haaga, 2001; Cunha and Pavia, 2012).”
BackgroundCrossland, A. E., Munns, L., Kirk, E., & Preston, C. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05930-w · Cited by 35
“Evidence also suggests the role of self-acceptance (unconditionally accepting oneself despite acknowledging any flaws; [102]) is important in body image satisfaction during pregnancy [103], and for mental health [49].”
BackgroundContentment and Self-acceptance: Wellbeing Beyond Happiness
Cordaro, D. T., Bai, Y., Bradley, C. M., Zhu, F., Han, R., Keltner, D. J., Gatchpazian, A., & Zhao, Y. (2024) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-024-00729-8 · Cited by 45
“…feelings of completeness and full acceptance of the self (Cordaro et al., 2016a), and on the literature linking self-acceptance to multiple aspects of wellbeing (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), it is hypothesized that self-acceptance may help explain the link between contentment to higher wellbeing.”
InfluentialGarg, N., Mahipalan, M., Poulose, S., & Burgess, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.849412 · Cited by 33
Development and Validation of the Self-Acceptance Scale for Persons with Early Blindness: The SAS-EB
Morgado, F. F. D. R., Neves, Â. N., & Tavares, M. D. C. G. C. F. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106848 · Cited by 42
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
(2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199828340-0147 · Cited by 35
The development and validation of the Parent Rational and Irrational Beliefs Scale
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Smith, B. W., Guzman, A., & Erickson, K. S. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0912-5 · Cited by 31
Paloș, R., & Vîşcu, L.-I. (2014) · ISRN Rheumatology · doi:10.1155/2014/317259 · Cited by 28
Su, H. L., Wang, L., Li, Y., Yu, H., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000016149 · Cited by 27
“Self-worth is a positive predictor of SWB, which is consistent with a previous study([10]) (John andHaaga, 2001).”
ResultChildhood trauma, depressive symptoms and rational /irrational beliefs: A moderated mediation model
Duru, E., & Balkıs, M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-01282-2 · Cited by 26
The Measurement of Irrationality and Rationality
David, D. O., Digiuseppe, R. A., Dobrean, A., Poetar, C.-R., & Balázsi, R. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93118-0_4 · Cited by 25
Iannello, P., Biassoni, F., Bertola, L., Antonietti, A., Caserta, A., & Panella, L. (2018) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v14i2.1559 · Cited by 25
“Tracing meaningful connections between events and emotional reactions helps the individual increase his/her self-efficacy (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001).”
BackgroundThe Development of the Positive Emotion Assessment of Contentment Experience (PEACE) Scale
Cordaro, D. T., Bradley, C. M., Zhang, J. W., Zhu, F., & Han, R. (2020) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-020-00295-9 · Cited by 28
Balkıs, M., & Duru, E. (2021) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-021-00428-w · Cited by 25
Xu, W., Zhou, Y., Fu, Z., & Rodriguez, M. (2017) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4437 · Cited by 23
“Meanwhile, researchers found that self‐acceptance can also negatively predict stress.(20) A recent study by Rodriguez et al(13) showed that self‐acceptance acted as a mediator between dispositional mindfulness and perceived stress in general healthy college students.”
BackgroundOutar, L., Turner, M. J., Wood, A. G., & O'Connor, H. (2020) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101813 · Cited by 24
Crisan, S., Canache, M., Buksa, D., & Nechita, D. (2023) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-022-00451-5 · Cited by 26
“…best part of being praised is that it helps me to know what my strengths are”, and “I don’t think it’s a good idea to judge my worth as a person”, rated from 1 (almost always untrue) to 7 (almost always true; 69 1 3 A Comparison Between Self‑compassion and Unconditional… Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodSolovan, C. S., Marcu, M., & Chiticariu, E. (2014) · European Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1684/ejd.2014.2295 · Cited by 24
Tibubos, A. N., Köber, C., Habermas, T., & Rohrmann, S. (2019) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2019.01.003 · Cited by 30
Kam, S.-Y., & Prihadi, K. D. (2021) · International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) · doi:10.11591/ijere.v10i2.21238 · Cited by 22
“This explanation showed consistency with past studies mentioned earlier [8], [20], [27] thus strengthens the findings of this research.”
InfluentialZipagan, F. B., & Tan, L. J. T. G. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02183-8 · Cited by 35
“To measure self-acceptance, the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001) was administered.”
MethodInfluentialSome like it warm: How warm brands mitigate the negative effects of social exclusion
Kim, S., Murray, K. B., & Moore, S. G. (2023) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21786 · Cited by 26
Wilson, D., de Oliveira, D. R., Palace-Berl, F., Ponteciano, B. D. M., Rissatti, L. F., Pollizi, V. P., de Miranda, F. S., D'Almeida, V., & Demarzo, M. (2022) · Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100427 · Cited by 22
“, 2006), whereas a more compassionate attitude toward oneself has beneficial effects on health and social interactions (Chamberlain and Haaga, 2001; J€arlstr€ om, 2018).”
BackgroundKnapp, S., Miller, A. J., Outar, L., & Turner, M. J. (2022) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102298 · Cited by 24
Conceptual and Theoretical Review of Self-Worth
Bırni, G., & Eryılmaz, A. (2024) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.1336880 · Cited by 21
Falco, A., Piccirelli, A., Girardi, D., Sipio, A. D., & Carlo, N. A. D. (2014) · Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) · doi:10.4473/tpm21.2.7 · Cited by 27
Happiness from Ancient Indian Perspective: Hitopadeśa
Gotise, P., & Upadhyay, B. K. (2017) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-017-9853-2 · Cited by 20
Szentágotai, A., & David, D. O. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6806-6_8 · Cited by 23
U.S. college students’ lay beliefs about hope: A mixed-methods study
Li, P. F. J., Wong, Y. J., McDermott, R. C., Cheng, H., & Ruser, J. B. (2019) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2019.1689420 · Cited by 22
“Such hope might arise from a strong sense of self (e.g. an unconditional acceptance of oneself; Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001) or perhaps one’s philosophical or spiritual beliefs (e.g. a belief in a good God; Lucado, 2018) that allow individuals to transcend their present circumstances to focus on…”
BackgroundScarpa, M. P., Zopluoglu, C., & Prilleltensky, I. (2021) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22725 · Cited by 20
Mental Health Recovery and Nature: How Social and Personal Dynamics Are Important
Adams, M., & Morgan, J. (2018) · Ecopsychology · doi:10.1089/eco.2017.0032 · Cited by 24
“…something (Mick, S4) accepting that I’m an introverted person but that doesn’t mean I can’t form friendships (Andy, S7) In the wider literature, self-acceptance is more generally associated with a wide range of positive aspects of mental health (e.g., Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001; MacInnes, 2006).”
The development process of self‐acceptance among Chinese women with breast cancer
Chen, S., Sun, N., Wei, G., Su, J., & Li, Q. (2019) · Japan Journal of Nursing Science · doi:10.1111/jjns.12308 · Cited by 18
Zheng, A. H., & MacCann, C. (2023) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2023.112381 · Cited by 17
Kaya, Y., Güç, E., Şimşek, B. K., & Cesur‐Atintaş, M. (2021) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12921 · Cited by 18
Isbăşoiu, A. B., Tulbure, B. T., Rusu, A., & Sava, F. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752249 · Cited by 14
“Secondary outcome measures included several self-concept measures: Self-Compassion Scale (SCS); Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES); Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ); New General Self-Efficacy Scale (NGSE); and Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS).”
MethodPopov, S., & Sokić, J. (2021) · Psihologija · doi:10.2298/psi200820005p · Cited by 14
“Several experimental studies have also supported the protective role of USA in adverse emotional reactions in situations of real stressors (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001a; Popov et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialAn exploration of happiness within the Irish LGBTI community
de Vries, J., Downes, C., Sharek, D., Doyle, L., Murphy, R., Begley, T., McCann, E., Sheerin, F. K., Smyth, S., & Higgins, A. (2019) · Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19359705.2019.1646689 · Cited by 19
“Part of the answer to dysfunctional self-evaluations is often considered to be a process of self-acceptance (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001).”
BackgroundForgiveness therapy for adult inmate in Indonesian correctional facility: a pilot study
Praptomojati, A., & Subandi, M. A. (2020) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2020.1751869 · Cited by 14
“Previous studies have shown that low self-acceptance tends to be associatedwith anxiety (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001; Machdan & Hartini, 2012; Paloş & Vîşcu, 2014; Pilisuk, 1963), depression (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001; Flett et al., 2003; Scott, 2007), and decreased physical health (Chamberlain &…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf‐connection and well‐being: Development and validation of a self‐connection scale
Klussman, K., Nichols, A., Curtin, N., Langer, J., & Orehek, E. (2021) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2812 · Cited by 16
Arli, D. I., & Sutanto, N. (2017) · International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing · doi:10.1002/nvsm.1583 · Cited by 13
Cognitive-behavioral correlates of pupil control ideology
Samfira, E. M., & Sava, F. A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246787 · Cited by 14
“The Unconditional Self-Acceptance (USAQ) [44] is a 20-item measure of unconditional selfacceptance, using a seven-point Likert scale from almost always false to almost always true.”
MethodPorada, K., Sammut, S., & Milburn, M. (2017) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-017-0284-0 · Cited by 13
“REBT, including work on unconditional self-acceptance, is therapeutic (see, e.g., Chamberlain and Haaga 2001; Flett et al. 2003; Gonzalez et al. 2004; David et al. 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBalkıs, M., & Duru, E. (2020) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-020-00343-6 · Cited by 13
Gál, É., Tóth‐Király, I., & Orosz, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.852638 · Cited by 21
“, 2013) and positive mental health outcomes (Chamberlain and Haaga, 2001).”
BackgroundFlett, G. L., Su, C., Ma, L., et al. (2016) · Cited by 12
Program Mindfulness for Prisoners (Mindfulners) untuk Menurunkan Depresi pada Narapidana
Wuryansari, R., & Subandi, S. (2019) · Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP) · doi:10.22146/gamajpp.50626 · Cited by 18
Managing the Goal-Setting Paradox: How to Get Better Results from High Goals and Be Happy
Freshman, C., & Guthrie, C. (2009) · Negotiation Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1571-9979.2009.00221.x · Cited by 12
“…well-being” (Chamberlain and 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Negotiation Journal April 2009 225 33 Haaga 2001a: 171) and to respond more favorably to negative feedback (Chamberlain and Haaga 2001b: 187).”
Huang, Z., Chen, S., & Chen, H. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05945-2 · Cited by 12
Measuring and Characterizing Unconditional Self-Acceptance
Falkenstein, M. J., & Haaga, D. A. F. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6806-6_9 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Chamberlain, J. M., & Haaga, D. A. F.
- Affiliations
- American University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Haaga, David A. F.
- ORCID
- Haaga, David A. F.
- Venue
- Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 163-176
- ISSN
- 0894-9085 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6563
- OpenAlex
- W1860101029
- Semantic Scholar
- e1ff4e24516ee5423e781b3d35c3a8c802d62b59
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- unconditional self-acceptance, self-esteem, mental health, anxiety symptoms, narcissism, imaginal exposure, depression, happiness, self-deception, rational emotive behavior therapy
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