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Relationship between trauma narratives and trauma pathology
Abstract
In this study we examined the relationship between posttrauma pathology and the level of articulation (complexity) in rape narratives recounted by victims shortly after the assault. Degree of articulation was operationalized as the reading level of the narratives as determined by a computer program. Shortly after the trauma, reading level was correlated with severity of anxiety but not with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Degree of the narrative articulation shortly after the trauma, however, was related to severity of later PTSD. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the less developed trauma narratives hinder recovery from trauma.
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Lower readability scores, suggesting simpler language and less complex narrative structures, are associated with more severe, chronic PTSD symptoms.
“Lower readability scores, suggesting simpler language and less complex narrative structures, are associated with more severe, chronic PTSD symptoms.37,38,82”
From Linguistic markers for identifying post-traumatic stress disorder and associated symptoms: a systematic literature review (2025) · cites this paper as [37]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Amir, N., Stafford, J., Freshman, M. S., & Foa, E. B.
- Corresponding author
- Amir, Nader
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-04
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 385-392
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W2139639400
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 6.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (5R01MH5227203)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Keywords
- trauma narratives, rape narratives, post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma pathology, narrative complexity, reading level, anxiety, trauma recovery, rape victims
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Language, Middle Aged, Rape, Reading, Self Disclosure, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Time Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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