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Worry and Rumination: Repetitive Thought as a Concomitant and Predictor of Negative Mood
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“In addition, worry during a stressful period predicted higher anxiety and depression after the stress had ended (Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000).”
From A novel theory of experiential avoidance in generalized anxiety disorder: A review and synthesis of research supporting a contrast avoidance model of worry (2011) · cites this paper as Segerstrom et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“This seems very important, as such thoughts predict the maintenance of anxious symptoms [53].”
From At the Peak of the Second Wave of COVID-19, Did Millennials Show Different Emotional Responses from Older Adults? (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“This relationship between mood and negative repetitive thoughts is usual and is highly supported by the scientific literature, outside of any pandemic [53].”
From At the Peak of the Second Wave of COVID-19, Did Millennials Show Different Emotional Responses from Older Adults? (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“State rumination and state worrying are examples of maladaptive cognitive processes that are associated with negative affect (Mennin & Fresco, 2013; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000).”
From Toward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000
In the citing paper
“Rumination has been defined as a perserverative focus on one’s symptoms of distress (Nolen-Hoeksema 1991) and has consistently been associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (Michl et al. 2013; Nolan et al. 1998; Segerstrom et al. 2000).”
From Executive Function Deficits in Daily Life Prospectively Predict Increases in Depressive Symptoms (2014) · cites this paper as Segerstrom et al. 2000
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Items 101–200 of 599
Perini, S., Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. (2006) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9023-z · Cited by 127
“Finally, while the Abbott and Rapee (2004) study importantly controlled for the influence of depression, it did not control for the influence of a general tendency to ruminate or to worry, both of which have been shown to be related to anxiety symptoms (Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimburg, 2002; Harrington & Bla…”
BackgroundRumination as a predictor of drinking behaviour in alcohol abusers: a prospective study
Caselli, G., Ferretti, C., Leoni, M., Rebecchi, D., Rovetto, F., & Spada, M. M. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02912.x · Cited by 122
Emotion regulation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Fresco, D. M., Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., & Ritter, M. (2013) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.02.001 · Cited by 120
Symptom-Focused Rumination and Sleep Disturbance
Carney, C. E., Edinger, J. D., Meyer, B., Lindman, L. S., & Istre, T. (2006) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15402010bsm0404_3 · Cited by 120
“, repeated information processing), but they differ in both cognitive content and mood state (Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundMennin, D. S., Fresco, D. M., O'Toole, M. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000289 · Cited by 119
Kertz, S. J., Belden, A. C., Tillman, R., & Luby, J. L. (2015) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-015-0101-0 · Cited by 127
“Evidence suggests that rumination and worry are highly correlated and are similarly related to symptom levels of anxiety and depression (Segerstrom et al. 2000; Siegle et al. 2004).”
Post-stress rumination predicts HPA axis responses to repeated acute stress
Gianferante, D., Thoma, M. V., Hanlin, L., Chen, X., Breines, J. G., Zoccola, P. M., & Rohleder, N. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.021 · Cited by 116
“Broadly defined, rumination consists of ‘past-centered negative, unwanted and persistent thoughts’, and has components of emotional upset, anger, and depression (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2008; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundRoelofs, J., Rood, L., Meesters, C. M. G., Dorsthorst, V. T., Bögels, S. M., Alloy, L. B., & Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2009) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0026-7 · Cited by 116
Rumination, psychological distress and post-traumatic growth in women diagnosed with breast cancer
Soo, H., & Sherman, K. A. (2014) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3596 · Cited by 120
Repetitive Thought and Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance
Takano, K., Iijima, Y., & Tanno, Y. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.04.002 · Cited by 125
Psychometric properties of the Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire in a clinical sample
Mahoney, A. E. J., McEvoy, P. M., & Moulds, M. L. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.12.003 · Cited by 109
Whisman, M. A., du Pont, A., & Butterworth, P. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.035 · Cited by 125
Cognitive reactivity mediates the relationship between neuroticism and depression
Barnhofer, T., & Chittka, T. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.12.005 · Cited by 113
Whitmer, A. J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2011) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9361-3 · Cited by 125
“Although the full version of the RRS scale was used for many years, it was often criticized for containing items that overlapped with items on scales measuring depressive symptomology (e.g., Conway et al. 2000; Roberts et al. 1998; Segerstrom et al. 2000).”
MethodPositive beliefs about rumination in depression—a replication and extension
Watkins, E. R., & Moulds, M. L. (2005) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.12.006 · Cited by 109
Rumination, Depression, and Metacognition: the S‐REF Model
Matthews, G., & Wells, A. (2003) · Depressive Rumination · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch7 · Cited by 117
Knowles, R. J., Tai, S., Christensen, I. P., & Bentall, R. P. (2005) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466504x20062 · Cited by 116
Ruscio, A. M., Seitchik, A. E., Gentes, E. L., Jones, J. D., & Hallion, L. S. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.10.001 · Cited by 115
Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.
Vorontsova, N., Garety, P., & Freeman, D. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034952 · Cited by 107
Kam, J. W. Y., & Handy, T. C. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00725 · Cited by 122
Szymanski, D. M., Dunn, T. L., & Ikizler, A. S. (2014) · Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity · doi:10.1037/sgd0000066 · Cited by 106
Verstraeten, K., Bijttebier, P., Vasey, M. W., & Raes, F. (2010) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466510x532715 · Cited by 115
Nature, Functions, and Beliefs about Depressive Rumination
Papageorgiou, C., & Adrian Wells, A. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9780470713853.ch1 · Cited by 106
Constantin, K. L., English, M. M., & Mazmanian, D. S. (2017) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-017-0271-5 · Cited by 120
Kertz, S. J., Bigda-Peyton, J. S., Rosmarin, D. H., & Björgvinsson, T. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.005 · Cited by 100
Armey, M. F., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M., Mennin, D. S., Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Kecmanovic, J., & Alloy, L. B. (2009) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191109340388 · Cited by 111
“The most important methodological enhancement of the brooding and pondering solution over earlier factor solutions is the lack of affective or symptom content in the items—thereby addressing a limitation raised by others (Roberts et al., 1998; Segerstrom et al., 2000) of tautology with the measurement of depression.”
InfluentialPaying attention to distress: What's wrong with rumination?
Rude, S. S., Maestas, K. L., & Neff, K. D. (2007) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930601056732 · Cited by 113
“The RRS has been criticised for the fact that many of the items confound rumination with reports of depression symptoms (Conway et al, 2000 ; Roberts et al, 1998 ; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000 ).”
BackgroundEpisodic foresight and anxiety: proximate and ultimate perspectives
Miloyan, B., Bulley, A., & Suddendorf, T. (2016) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12080 · Cited by 92
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9447-6 · Cited by 102
“How can our findings (and those of Segerstrom et al. (2000) ) be reconciled with this large body of research?”
BackgroundResultInfluentialProtecting Us from Ourselves: Social Support as a Buffer of Trait and State Rumination
Puterman, E. M., DeLongis, A., & Pomaki, G. (2010) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2010.29.7.797 · Cited by 112
McEvoy, P. M., & Mahoney, A. E. J. (2013) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.01.006 · Cited by 99
Rumination in Clinical Depression: A Type of Emotional Suppression?
Liverant, G. I., Kamholz, B. W., Sloan, D. M., & Brown, T. A. (2010) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-010-9304-4 · Cited by 112
“In addition, Segerstrom et al. (2000) described both rumination and worry as unproductive, repetitive, negative thoughts and hypothesized that the repetitive nature of cognitions found in both rumination and worry may represent a shared characteristic of negative mood states ( Segerstrom et al. 2000 ).”
InfluentialTopper, M., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & Ehring, T. (2010) · Applied and Preventive Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appsy.2012.03.001 · Cited by 95
Effects of rumination and worry on sleep
Tousignant, O. H., Taylor, N. D., Suvak, M. K., & Fireman, G. D. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.09.005 · Cited by 97
Rood, L., Roelofs, J., Bögels, S. M., & Alloy, L. B. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-009-9261-y · Cited by 99
“Several other researchers have failed to find as much difference between emotion-focused rumination and worry (e.g., Segerstrom et al. 2000; Watkins et al. 2005), where the only difference found was temporal orientation, with emotion-focused rumination focused on the past and worry focused on the…”
“Bouncing Back” from a Loss: Entrepreneurial Orientation, Emotions, and Failure Narratives
Wolfe, M. T., & Shepherd, D. A. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/etap.12057 · Cited by 96
Toward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders
Hofmann, S. G. (2014) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.03.001 · Cited by 93
Reduced concreteness of rumination in depression: a pilot study
Watkins, E., & Moulds, M. L. (2007) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.007 · Cited by 92
“These similarities have led to a debate as to the differences between rumination and worry, with some researchers proposing that worry and rumination share similar processes but involve different content (e.g., Segerstrom et al., 2000; Watkins, Moulds, & Mackintosh, 2005).”
BackgroundFrank, J. L., Bose, B., & Schrobenhauser-Clonan, A. P. (2014) · Journal of Applied School Psychology · doi:10.1080/15377903.2013.863259 · Cited by 108
Kertz, S. J., Koran, J., Stevens, K. T., & Björgvinsson, Þ. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.03.006 · Cited by 91
“(Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Segerstrom et al., 2000; Siegle, Moore, & Thase, 2004).”
BackgroundMcEvoy, P. M., Salmon, K., Hyett, M. P., Jose, P. E., Gutenbrunner, C., Bryson, K., & Dewhirst, M. (2017) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191117693923 · Cited by 103
Transdiagnostic emotion regulation processes in bipolar disorder and insomnia
Gruber, J., Eidelman, P., & Harvey, A. G. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.004 · Cited by 94
McEvoy, P. M., & Brans, S. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9448-5 · Cited by 87
“It was concluded that the shared variance between worry and depressive rumination is primarily RNT. Segerstrom et al. (2000) hypothesized that structural models would demonstrate that the latent construct of RNT, as indicated by the RRS, PSWQ, and GRS, would be associated with depression and…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialErdur‐Baker, Ö., & Bugay, A. (2010) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.433 · Cited by 109
“Another group of researchers preferred to use item removing strategy (Segerstrom et al., 2000; Treynor et al., 2003).”
BackgroundOttaviani, C., Watson, D. R., Meeten, F., Makovac, E., Garfinkel, S. N., & Critchley, H. (2016) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.06.009 · Cited by 87
Pillai, V., & Drake, C. L. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417188-6.00010-4 · Cited by 92
Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Career Indecision: A Mediation Model
Arbona, C., Fan, W., Phang, A., Olvera, N. E., & de Dios, M. A. (2021) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/10690727211002564 · Cited by 88
“Consistent with this perspective, in cross-sectional (Steil & Ehlers, 2000) and longitudinal (Hong, 2007; and Segerstrom et al., 2000) studies with non-clinical populations, negative rumination has been positively correlated with anxiety symptoms and with intolerance of uncertainty (Liao & Wei,…”
ResultJansson‐Fröjmark, M., Harvey, A. G., Lundh, L., Norell‐Clarke, A., & Linton, S. J. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2010.538432 · Cited by 78
The Influence of Postnatal Psychiatric Disorder on Child Development
Stein, A. L., Lehtonen, A., Harvey, A. G., Nicol-Harper, R., & Craske, M. G. (2008) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000173699 · Cited by 78
Self-citationThe autonomic phenotype of rumination
Ottaviani, C., Shapiro, D., Davydov, D. M., Goldstein, I. B., & Mills, P. J. (2009) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.014 · Cited by 84
“Indeed, longitudinal prospective studies have found that people prone to ruminate also have higher levels of general anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms (Abbott and Rapee, 2004; Fresco et al., 2002; Harrington and Blankenship, 2002; Kocovski et al., 2005; Muris et al., 2005; Nolen-Hoeksema, 2000; Segerstrom et a…”
BackgroundSelf-compassion as a moderator of the relationship between rumination, self-reflection and stress
Samaie, G., & Farahani, H. (2011) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.190 · Cited by 91
“Some authors have argued that a ruminative response style might be considered a cognitive manifestation of neuroticism [21].”
State rumination: Associations with emotional stress reactivity and attention biases
LeMoult, J., Arditte, K. A., D'Avanzato, C., & Joormann, J. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.029112 · Cited by 75
The Different Facets of Anhedonia and Their Associations with Different Psychopathologies
Shankman, S. A., Katz, A. C., DeLizza, A. A., Sarapas, C., Gorka, S. M., & Campbell, M. L. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8591-4_1 · Cited by 84
“Although the content of these thoughts generally varies by disorder and feared stimuli, worry is a pervasive pattern of thinking that is often associated with increased negative affect and negative mood states [ 68 ].”
BackgroundOn the Relation Between Mindfulness and Depressive Symptoms: Rumination as a Possible Mediator
Alleva, J., Roelofs, J., Voncken, M., Meevissen, Y., & Alberts, H. (2014) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-012-0153-y · Cited by 74
“Some authors have also argued that rumination is a manifestation of neuroticism (Segerstrom et al. 2000) and is related to mood variability, depressive symptoms, and depression vulnerability (e.g., Saklofske et al. 1995).”
BackgroundRumination and Depression: Advances in Theory and Research
Papageorgiou, C., & Siegle, G. J. (2003) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023918331490 · Cited by 73
“The recognition of rumination as a key cognitive characteristic of dysphoria and depression (Ingram, 1984; Martin & Tesser, 1989; Nolen-Hoeksema, 1987; Teasdale & Barnard, 1993; Wells & Matthews, 1994) has motivated this research along with its resemblance to other maladaptive styles of thinking such as worry (Molina,…”
BackgroundBirrer, E., & Michael, T. (2011) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465811000087 · Cited by 78
Negative affectivity, depression, and anxiety: Does rumination mediate the links?
Iqbal, N., & Dar, K. A. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.04.002 · Cited by 73
How thinking hurts: Rumination, worry, and avoidance processes in adjustment to bereavement
Eisma, M. C., de Lang, T. A., & Boelen, P. A. (2020) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2440 · Cited by 83
Wahl, K., Ertle, A., Bohne, A., Zurowski, B., & Kordon, A. (2010) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2010.482985 · Cited by 71
“It has been argued from a transdiagnostic perspective that worry and RTS are identical in thought processes but differ in content (Fresco et al., 2002; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundTrick, L., Watkins, E., Windeatt, S., & Dickens, C. (2016) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.11.004 · Cited by 70
Blankstein, K. R., & Lumley, C. H. (2008) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-007-0068-z · Cited by 80
“Although they acknowledged that the associated thought processes could differ in content, Segerstrom et al. (2000) concluded that the repetitive thought common to both rumination and worry is related to both depression and anxiety.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMcEvoy, P. M., Hyett, M. P., Ehring, T. W., Johnson, S. L., Samtani, S., Anderson, R., & Moulds, M. L. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.072 · Cited by 69
The structure and health correlates of trait repetitive thought in older adults
Segerstrom, S. C., Roach, A. R., Evans, D. R., Schipper, L. J., & Darville, A. K. (2010) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0019456 · Cited by 68
“…related to a number of important outcomes, including psychological health, physiological regulation, and physical health (Bower et al., 1998; Kubzansky et al., 1997; Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991; Pieper et al., 2007; Salsman et al., 2009; Segerstrom & Kemeny, 2006; Segerstrom et al., 1998, 2000, 2003).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCognitive debt and Alzheimer’s disease
Marchant, N. L., & Howard, R. J. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-141515 · Cited by 68
“Even in this population rumination and worry are associated with negative affect [78] and predict symptoms of depression and anxiety [98] [99].”
BackgroundRetribution and emotional regulation: The effects of time delay in angry economic interactions
Wang, C. S., Sivanathan, N., Narayanan, J., Ganegoda, D. B., Bauer, M. A., Bodenhausen, G. V., & Murnighan, K. J. (2011) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.05.007 · Cited by 67
Madrid, H. M., Senra, C., & Ferreiro, F. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156169 · Cited by 74
“Several authors have reported that worry and rumination are related but statistically distinguishable constructs [22]; however, others have not found any significant differences between these processes [23].”
BackgroundA dorsomedial prefrontal cortex-based dynamic functional connectivity model of rumination
Kim, J., Andrews‐Hanna, J. R., Eisenbarth, H., Lux, B. K., Kim, H. J., Lee, E., Lindquist, M. A., Losin, E. A. R., Wager, T. D., & Woo, C. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39142-9 · Cited by 69
“For this reason, the depressive rumination subscales have been suggested to be confounded with depression 62,63 .”
Taylor, M. M., & Snyder, H. R. (2021) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-021-09898-9 · Cited by 78
Updating emotional content in working memory: A depression-specific deficit?
Yoon, K. L., LeMoult, J., & Joormann, J. (2014) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.03.004 · Cited by 66
Shame, Rumination, and Self-Compassion in Men Assessed for Hypersexual Disorder
Reid, R. C., Temko, J. E., Moghaddam, J. F., & FONG, T. W. (2014) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000452562.98286.c5 · Cited by 64
Barcaccia, B., Baiocco, R., Pozza, A., Pallini, S., Mancini, F., & Salvati, M. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.012 · Cited by 63
Executive Function Deficits in Daily Life Prospectively Predict Increases in Depressive Symptoms
Letkiewicz, A. M., Miller, G. A., Crocker, L. D., Warren, S. L., Infantolino, Z. P., Mimnaugh, K. J., & Heller, W. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9629-5 · Cited by 63
“Rumination has been defined as a perserverative focus on one’s symptoms of distress (NolenHoeksema 1991) and has consistently been associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (Michl et al. 2013; Nolan et al. 1998; Segerstrom et al. 2000).”
Worry and Rumination: Styles of Persistent Negative Thinking in Anxiety and Depression
Papageorgiou, C. (2006) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713143.ch2 · Cited by 64
Aldao, A., Mennin, D. S., Linardatos, E., & Fresco, D. M. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.12.001 · Cited by 61
Thought Control Strategies, Thought Suppression, and Rumination in Depression
Watkins, E. R., & Moulds, M. L. (2009) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2009.2.3.235 · Cited by 64
Worry and Rumination in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Dar, K. A., & Iqbal, N. (2014) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2014.986430 · Cited by 62
“Moreover, exploratory factor analyses demonstrate that worry and rumination not only share substantial variance (Segerstrom et al., 2000), but also”
BackgroundInfluentialAldao, A., Mennin, D. S., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9485-0 · Cited by 67
“…GAD and depressive disorders (Watson 2009), it is not surprising that worry is strongly associated with rumination (e.g., Fresco et al. 2002; Segerstrom et al. 2000; Watkins 2008), another perseverative cognitive process that has been primarily conceptualized as repetitive thinking about…”
BackgroundResultThought Speed, Mood, and the Experience of Mental Motion
Pronin, E., & Jacobs, E. (2008) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00091.x · Cited by 67
“to the disorder’s affective symptoms (e.g., Ianzito et al., 1974; Judd et al., 1994; Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991; Philipp et al., 1991; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundVickers, K. S., & Vogeltanz-Holm, N. D. (2003) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023970501448 · Cited by 62
“Because of the strong association between anxiety and depression (Gotlib & Cane, 1989), the conceptual similarity of rumination and worry, and the statistical relation between measures of these constructs (Segerstrom et al., 2000), experimental studies of response style that also investigate the influence of worry on…”
BackgroundInfluentialZawadzki, M. J. (2015) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2015.1026904 · Cited by 78
Are Rumination and Worry Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Topper, M., Molenaar, D., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & Ehring, T. W. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.038813 · Cited by 71
“A methodological strength of these studies was that we used a longer time interval (6 months) between measurements in Study 2 than previous studies (Calmes & Roberts, 2007; Hong, 2007; Segerstrom et al., 2000) and a stressor event in between measurements in Study 3, respectively.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBeliefs, Mental Health, and Evolutionary Threat Assessment Systems in the Brain
Flannelly, K. J., Koenig, H. G., Galek, K., & Ellison, C. G. (2007) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31815c19b1 · Cited by 60
“Worries about the future and rumination about the past are key elements of anxiety and depression (Muris et al., 2004; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundJones, N. P., Papadakis, A. A., Orr, C. A., & Strauman, T. J. (2013) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2013.32.5.482 · Cited by 59
The role of rumination in affective distress in people with a chronic physical illness
Soo, H., Burney, S., & Basten, C. (2009) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105309341204 · Cited by 65
“In illness, the distinction between rumination and worry is not always clear, with a significant degree of correlation between measures of the two constructs (Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundClements, C. C., Karlsson, R., Lu, Y., Juréus, A., Rück, C., Andersson, E., Boberg, J., Pedersen, N. L., Bulik, C. M., Nordenskjöld, A., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00984-0 · Cited by 62
Rumination and Worry: Factor Analysis of Self-Report Measures in Depressed Participants
Goring, H., & Papageorgiou, C. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9146-x · Cited by 64
“Segerstrom et al. (2000) used structural equation modelling and found that worry and rumination both loaded onto a latent variable labelled ‘‘repetitive thought’’, which was significantly linked to both anxiety and depression, suggesting considerable overlap between the two”
MethodInfluentialThe emotional experience associated with worrying: anxiety, depression, or stress?
Szabó, M. (2010) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615801003653430 · Cited by 58
Raes, F., Hermans, D., Williams, J. M. G., Bijttebier, P., & Eelen, P. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9137-y · Cited by 58
“Roberts, Gilboa, & Gotlib, 1998; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000 ).”
Wahl, K., Schönfeld, S., Hissbach, J. C., Küsel, S., Zurowski, B., Moritz, S., Hohagen, F., & Kordon, A. (2011) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.03.002 · Cited by 55
Pre-sleep Arousal as a Mediator of Relationships Among Worry, Rumination, and Sleep Quality
Yeh, Z., Wung, S.-K., & Lin, C. (2015) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2015.8.1.21 · Cited by 57
Convergent Neural Correlates of Empathy and Anxiety During Socioemotional Processing
Knight, L. K., Stoica, T., Fogleman, N. D., & Depue, B. E. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00094 · Cited by 63
“Both worry and rumination have been described as unproductive and repetitive thought processes (Segerstrom et al., 2000) that exacerbate and prolong negative affect (Nolen-Hoeksema et al.”
BackgroundMuris, P., Fokke, M., & Kwik, D. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9120-7 · Cited by 59
“…& Watson, 1989), and in keeping with this idea recent research has indicated that rumination is just as strongly associated with anxiety as with depression (Fresco, Frankel, Mennin, Turk, & Heimberg, 2002; Muris et al., 2005; Muris, Roelofs, Meesters, & Boomsma, 2004; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNightmares in the general population: identifying potential causal factors
Rek, S. V., Sheaves, B., & Freeman, D. H. (2017) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1408-7 · Cited by 55
Rector, N. A., Antony, M. M., Laposa, J. M., Kocovski, N. L., & Swinson, R. P. (2008) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2008.1.4.352 · Cited by 56
“Similarly, in studies where worry is controlled, the association between rumination and anxiety attenuates to non-significance (Hong, 2007; Segerstrom et al., 2000).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialden Bergh, N. V., Marchetti, I., & Koster, E. H. W. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-020-10153-w · Cited by 58
Experimental effects of rumination styles on salivary cortisol responses
Denson, T. F., Fabiansson, E. C., Creswell, J. D., & Pedersen, W. C. (2008) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-008-9114-0 · Cited by 51
Concreteness of Idiographic Periods of Worry and Depressive Rumination
Goldwin, M. A., & Behar, E. (2011) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9428-1 · Cited by 48
Li, T., Liu, T., Han, J., Zhang, M., Li, Z., Zhu, Q., & Wang, A. (2017) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2017.1384553 · Cited by 55
Kowalski, C. M., & Schermer, J. A. (2018) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/0033294118800444 · Cited by 53
Association Between Positive Affect and Attentional Shifting
Compton, R. J., Wirtz, D., Pajoumand, G., Claus, E. D., & Heller, W. (2004) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-004-0663-6 · Cited by 55
“Future studies should also address how cognitive inflexibility may be related to repetitive thought patterns, such as rumination and worry, that characterize many emotional disorders (e.g., Davis & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2000; Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000 ).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Segerstrom, S. C., Tsao, J. C. I., Alden, L. E., & Craske, M. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Segerstrom, Suzanne C.
- Venue
- Cognitive Therapy and Research
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 671-688
- ISSN
- 0147-5916 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2819
- OpenAlex
- W2128460805
- Cited by
- 599
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 10.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Cognitive Therapy and Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- worry, rumination, repetitive thinking, negative mood, anxiety, depression, students, patients, emotional processing
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