State rumination: Associations with emotional stress reactivity and attention biases
Open accessAbstract
Within dysphoria, rumination has been identified as a particularly maladaptive emotion regulation strategy linked to prolonged negative affect and the onset of depressive episodes. Until now, the majority of research assessing naturally occurring rumination has utilized trait rumination measures; however, additional information may be obtained by assessing state rumination. The current study examined the association between state rumination and participants' emotional recovery from stress. In addition, biased attention toward emotional information was investigated as a mechanism that might underlie state rumination. Participants completed the exogenous cuing task to assess attentional engagement and disengagement from emotional facial expressions followed by a psychosocial stressor. State rumination and self-reported sadness were measured during the recovery period. As expected, state rumination was associated with less recovery in sadness scores, even after controlling for trait rumination and depressive symptoms. Moreover, within the high dysphoria group, participants who had more difficulty disengaging from emotional expressions reported higher levels of rumination in response to the stressor. Results highlight an important association between state rumination and individuals' recovery from stress, and suggest that difficulty disengaging attention from emotional expressions might be one mechanism underlying state rumination in dysphoria.
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Another study found that acute psychosocial stress interacted with state rumination in biasing attention toward emotional information.
“Another study found that acute psychosocial stress interacted with state rumination in biasing attention toward emotional information (LeMoult et al., 2013).”
From Toward objective characterizations of suicide risk: A narrative review of laboratory-based cognitive and behavioral tasks (2023) · cites this paper as LeMoult et al., 2013
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that, following an acute psychosocial stressor, state rumination was correlated with difficulty disengaging attention from negative stimuli in the high-dysphoria group. It does not report that stress interacted with state rumination to bias attention toward emotional information; the reported finding is an association, not that interaction. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- LeMoult, J., Arditte, K. A., D'Avanzato, C., & Joormann, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd. Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychopathology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-05-13
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 471-484
- ISSN
- 2043-8087 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4243309
- OpenAlex
- W1976441351
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 2.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH086246)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- state rumination, trait rumination, attentional bias, attentional disengagement, attentional engagement, dysphoria, emotional recovery, sadness, depressive symptoms, emotion regulation, facial expressions, psychosocial stress
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