The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive–developmental inquiry
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“Collectively, these skills enable students to regulate their bidirectional relations with their contexts by processing, manipulating, and refining information; organize and recognize patterns in information; evaluate their thinking and learning strategies; intentionally transfer knowledge to new situations; and apply knowledge to solve increasingly complex problems (e.g., Flavell, 1979;Lai, 2011).”
From Malleability, plasticity, and individuality: How children learn and develop in context1 (2019) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“metacognitive feedback which prompts learners to reflect, track their progress, and develop self-regulated learning (SRL) skills.”
From Directive, metacognitive, or a blend of both? A comparison of AI-generated feedback types on student engagement, confidence, and outcomes (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“This level of metacognitive engagement ' thinking about one's own thinking' is a hallmark of high-impact learning experiences (Flavell, 1979).”
From Co-creating custom GPTs: an autoethnographic study of undergraduate students as partners in generative AI innovation (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Metacognition-cognition about cognition-encompasses the knowledge, monitoring, and regulation of one's own cognitive processes (Flavell, 1979).”
From The Metacognitive Paradox of AI-Assisted Creativity: A Theoretical Extension (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Hence, metacognition can be divided into two components, knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition (Flavell, 1979; Schraw, 1998; Schraw & Moshman, 1995; Schraw & Sperling Dennison, 1994).”
From University students' Motivated Attention and use of regulation strategies on social media (2015) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Metacognitive knowledge and experiences are interrelated [64].”
From The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AI (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
In the citing paper
“A fifth potential barrier to insight is metacognition, or the processes which allow persons to be aware of and form integrated and complex ideas about the self and others.”
From Insight in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: relationship with behavior, mood and perceived quality of life, underlying causes and emerging treatments (2018) · cites this paper as [143]
Citations
Cites
Knowing when, where, and how to remember ; A problem of metacognition
Brown, A. L. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,469
Perspectives on the Development of Memory and Cognition
Kail, R. V., & Hagen, J. W. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 927
An Interview Study of Children's Knowledge about Memory
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Self-citationRealizing That You Don't Understand: A Preliminary Investigation
Markman, E. M. (1977) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1977.tb01257.x · Cited by 415
Developmental changes in memorization processes
Flavell, J. H., Friedrichs, A. G., & Hoyt, J. D. (1970) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(70)90019-8 · Cited by 401
Self-citationBrown, A. L., Campione, J. C., & Barclay, C. R. (1979) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1979.tb04135.x · Cited by 185
Cited by
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The neurological implications of metacognition
Hulbig, P. R. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1756611 · Cited by 3
“The formal study of metacognition began with Flavell (1979), p. 906, who defined it as “knowledge and cognition about cognitive phenomena.”
Closing the gender STEM interest gap — A randomized-controlled trial in elementary schools
Grosch, K., Haeckl, S., & Kocher, M. G. (2026) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2026.105300 · Cited by 3
Transformation of University Students’ Educational Agency in the Era of AI Technologies
Konkol, M. M., & Эдуардовна, Ш. Е. (2026) · Высшее образование в России · doi:10.31992/0869-3617-2026-35-2-36-52 · Cited by 8
Allemand, M., Roberts, B. W., & Trautwein, U. (2026) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-026-10127-6 · Cited by 3
“Central is the development of metacognitive awareness, which enables learners to plan, monitor, and evaluate their learning processes (Dignath & Veenman, 2021 ; Flavell, 1979).”
Reflective writing to promote metacognition in physiology education
Carney-Anderson, L. (2026) · Current Opinion in Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.cophys.2026.100953 · Cited by 3
Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Lv, Q., Wang, X., & Zhang, Z. D. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-13999-x · Cited by 4
“Metacognitive theory is particularly relevant to this research because it provides a framework for understanding how learners use strategic questioning to plan, monitor, and evaluate their cognitive processes during interactions with AI (Flavell, 1979).”
Unravelling Distress in Psychotic‐Like Experiences: A Systematic Review of Non‐Clinical Populations
Rockenschaub, J., Renner, A., Friedrich, F., Berger, M., Mielacher, C., Trimmel, M., Hinterbuchinger, B., & Mossaheb, N. (2026) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.70175 · Cited by 7
“Metacognition refers to the ability to reflect on and regulate one's own cognitive processes, including how thoughts and perceptions are evaluated and used to guide behaviour (Flavell 1979).”
Metacognition within undergraduate nursing education: A scoping review
Lee, C., Shajani, Z., Clancy, T., & Nowell, L. S. (2026) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2026.107144 · Cited by 7
How profiles of general intelligence change with age: A comprehensive model
Demetriou, A., Makris, N., Spanoudis, G., Karousou, A., Kazi, S., Economacou, D., & Bikos, T. (2026) · Cognitive development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2026.101735 · Cited by 4
Yılmaz, F. G. K., Olpak, Y. Z., & Yılmaz, R. (2026) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2026.2683793 · Cited by 4
Self-Regulation Competence as a Superpower: An Integrated Framework for K-12
Trautwein, U., Eberhart, J., Dignath, C., Bonner, C. V., & Roberts, B. W. (2026) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-026-10190-z · Cited by 6
Mahdavi, M., & Mehrabi, M. (2014) · Cited by 3
Estudo de intervenção sobre a divisão: ilustrando as relações entre metacognição e aprendizagem
Lautert, S. L., & Spinillo, A. G. (2011) · Educar em Revista · doi:10.1590/s0104-40602011000400007 · Cited by 3
Underlying mechanisms of initial feelings of knowing in children
Besner, N., & Son, L. K. (2007) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00614.x · Cited by 3
Shah, S., Pigarelli, D. L. W., & Margolis, A. R. (2020) · Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning · doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2020.04.013 · Cited by 3
Sims, S. K., Menear, K. S., & Mowling, C. M. (2020) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2020.1781715 · Cited by 3
Effective Training of the Teachers in Teaching of Mathematics
Toker, Z. (2021) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3868-5.ch002 · Cited by 3
Using Constructive Alignment to Support Metaliteracy in International Classrooms
Schuster, K. M., & Stewart, K. N. (2021) · Journal of Education for Library and Information Science · doi:10.3138/jelis.62.1-2019-0077 · Cited by 3
“Flavell (1979) described metacognitive experiences as “any conscious cognitive or affective experiences that accompany and pertain to any intellectual enterprise,” such as “the sudden feeling that you do not understand something another person just said” (p. 906).”
BackgroundÖzaslan, Z., & Bilgin, H. (2017) · Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.30934/kusbed.317079 · Cited by 3
Análise do inventário de consciência metacognitiva de alunos do curso técnico em enfermagem
dos Santos, L. R., & Peixoto, M. A. P. (2021) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20019 · Cited by 3
Jak měřit metakognici (nejen) u nadaných dětí
Straka, O. (2021) · doi:10.5817/cz.muni.m210-9905-2021 · Cited by 3
Students’ Metacognitive Competencies: Effect on Mastery of Learning Strategies and Outcomes
Lan, S., & Cheng, E. C. K. (2021) · Curriculum and Teaching · doi:10.7459/ct/36.2.03 · Cited by 3
BEDİR, S. B., & Dursun, F. (2022) · Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education · doi:10.30703/cije.974960 · Cited by 3
“Flavell (1979) addressed the relationships between four classes of phenomena in the monitoring of cognitive processes.”
BackgroundZhang, Y., Paquette, L., Baker, R. S., Bosch, N., Ocumpaugh, J. L., & Biswas, G. (2022) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-022-00616-x · Cited by 4
“As researchers have worked to understand the relationship between metacognitive strategies and learning (Ohtani & Hisasaka, 2018; Veenman et al., 1997), they have also sought to better understand metacognitive experiences that influence the use of metacognitive strategies (Flavell, 1979).”
BackgroundMaden, S., ÖNAL, A., & MADEN, A. (2022) · Uluslararası Eğitim Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi · doi:10.47714/uebt.1184429 · Cited by 3
Mor, S., & Паолини, С. (2023) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101248 · Cited by 3
I know that I know. But do I know that I do not know?
Polyanskaya, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1128200 · Cited by 3
“Metacognition is not necessarily correlated with cognitive performance (Flavell, 1979; Nelson, 1996), leading to under- or overconfidence bias.”
BackgroundUsing Data-Prompted Interviews in Interactive Information Retrieval Research
Cole, A. W., & O'Brien, H. (2023) · Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval · doi:10.1145/3576840.3578285 · Cited by 3
Bouiri, O., Lotfi, S., & Talbi, M. (2023) · The Education and science journal · doi:10.17853/1994-5639-2023-5-135-154 · Cited by 3
D’souza, J. B., Dechpanprasong, W., Chan, C., & Ornla-or, R. (2023) · Asia Social Issues · doi:10.48048/asi.2023.258480 · Cited by 6
ANTES DE ENSEÑAR A LEER: METACOGNICIÓN LECTORA Y FORMACIÓN DE DOCENTES
Díaz, M. D., Sanz, Y. E., & Ezpeleta, A. M. (2023) · Cadernos de Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/198053149108 · Cited by 3
“…las características particulares con que un sujeto conduce y lleva a cabo el acto de leer) y la regulación del proceso lector, verificando que en todo momento se mantenga una interacción fluida entre lector y texto en aras de la construcción del significado (Flavell 1979; Armbruster et al., 1983).”
BackgroundCórdova, K. E. G., & Olivares, M. I. R. (2023) · Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria · doi:10.19083/ridu.2023.1574 · Cited by 3
“…en educación superior: percepción de los estudiantes sobre su utilidad en el proceso de aprendizaje Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria 2023, 17(2) 4 regulación de la cognición (Flavell, 1979; Brown, 1987; Kim, Zyromski, Mariani, Lee y Carey, 2017 y Valenzuela, 2019).”
BackgroundFlow metacognition and flow at work: Initial evidence of a directional relationship
Wilson, E. E., & Moneta, G. B. (2023) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2023.112343 · Cited by 3
Adiansyah, R., Amin, A. M., Yani, A., et al. (2023) · Biosfer · doi:10.21009/biosferjpb.26765 · Cited by 3
The Effect of Brain-Based Learning on Students’ Metacognitive Awareness
Akçay, B., Adıgüzel, S., Tiryaki, A., & Yavuz, R. (2023) · International Journal on Social and Education Sciences · doi:10.46328/ijonses.608 · Cited by 5
“Paired samples t-test was used for dependent samples to test whether there is a statistically significant difference between the Metacognition Scale pretest and posttest scores.”
InfluentialYoshida, K., Sawamura, D., Ogawa, K., Mototani, T., Ikoma, K., & Sakai, S. (2023) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_02064 · Cited by 3
“Metacognition is the ability to internally evaluate and control one ’ s cognitive processes and is a crucial adaptive behavior for everyday life (Fleming & Dolan, 2012; Flavell, 1979).”
BackgroundKuna, Á., & Hámori, Á. (2023) · Pragmatics & beyond. New series · doi:10.1075/pbns.338.08kun · Cited by 3
Metacognition in Learning - New Perspectives
Tezer, M. (2023) · Education and human development · doi:10.5772/intechopen.107819 · Cited by 4
Metacognitive Strategies with Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) Individuals and Ways to Assess Them
Albalhareth, A. H. (2023) · Education and human development · doi:10.5772/intechopen.113379 · Cited by 3
METACOGNITION, SELF-PERCEPTION, AND SELF-AWARENESS IN CHILDREN FROM 9 TO 12 YEARS OLD
da Rocha, F. E. M., Oliveira, T. F., Aresi, P. Z. M., et al. (2023) · Psicologia Escolar e Educacional · doi:10.1590/2175-35392023-249551-t · Cited by 3
Aydın, U., & Özgeldi, M. (2024) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-024-00797-7 · Cited by 15
“Metacognition is causally referred to as one’s awareness and regulation of own cognitive processes (Flavell, 1979).”
Thiyagarajan, S., Saldanha, P. R. M., Govindan, R., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research · doi:10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_423_23 · Cited by 3
A Longitudinal Study of the Development of Executive Function and Calibration Accuracy
Γούδας, Μ., Samara, E., & Kolovelonis, A. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11030364 · Cited by 3
“The concept of metacognition (MC) was introduced by Flavell [15], who defined it as cognition of cognition that serves two basic functions, namely, the monitoring and control of cognition.”
BackgroundOrsini-Jones, M. E., & Finardi, K. R. (2024) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004680661_020 · Cited by 5
Strengthening derivation chains in cognitive neuroscience: Closing editorial
Mirman, D., Scheel, A. M., Schubert, A., & McIntosh, R. D. (2024) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2024.04.004 · Cited by 3
Yuki, S., Nakatani, H., Tachibana, R. O., & Okanoya, K. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60755-7 · Cited by 3
Apelboim-Dushnitzky, G., & Shamir, A. (2024) · European Journal of Special Needs Education · doi:10.1080/08856257.2024.2354604 · Cited by 3
“The term metacognition refers to a person’s ability to think about and be aware of their cognitive processes (Flavell 1979).”
Razzaq, S., & Hamzah, M. H. (2024) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101010 · Cited by 3
Niu, X., Chen, W., Li, L., Zhang, W., Gao, S., He, C., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Innovations in Education and Teaching International · doi:10.1080/14703297.2024.2382849 · Cited by 3
“Building upon the metacognitive framework proposed by Flavell (1979), Nelson and Narens (1990) further developed a model comprising metacognitive planning, metacognitive monitoring, and metacognitive regulation.”
Learning-to-learn as a metacognitive correlate of functional outcomes after stroke: a cohort study
Sugiyama, T., Uehara, S., Yuasa, A., Ushizawa, K., Izawa, J., & Otaka, Y. (2024) · European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.24.08446-6 · Cited by 1
Exam Wrappers in Nursing Education
Gay, J. E., Kuskie, K., Loken, A., & Klenke-Borgmann, L. (2024) · Nurse Educator · doi:10.1097/nne.0000000000001707 · Cited by 5
“7 The significance of this study lies in its evaluation of the effectiveness of exam wrapper tools in undergraduate nursing education, filling a gap in the current nursing education literature.”
What Successful Second Language Speakers Can Tell Us: From Strategy Use to Pedagogic Implications
Chen, Y.-M. (2024) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-024-00898-3 · Cited by 3
“Flavell (1979: 907) defined MK as consisting “primarily of knowledge or beliefs about what factors or variables act and interact in what ways to affect the course and outcome of cognitive enterprises”.”
Dzikon, C., Kelly, A. E., Hazel, K. J., & Kroke, A. M. (2024) · College Teaching · doi:10.1080/87567555.2024.2402471 · Cited by 4
“Metacognition is a multidimensional process that refers to a person’s knowledge of their own cognitive processes and their ability to regulate, supervise, and control their thinking and learning activities (Flavell 1979).”
Metamotivational task knowledge of performance-approach and performance-avoidance achievement goals
Gilbert, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06773-0 · Cited by 3
Enhancing Analytical Thinking Skills in Elementary Students
Bhijakkanarin, J., & Kenaphoom, S. (2024) · Practice, progress, and proficiency in sustainability · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-7989-9.ch014 · Cited by 3
Mazurek, M. O., Pappagianopoulos, J. E., Brunt, S., Menezes, M., Smith, J. V., & Howard, M. (2024) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-024-06643-5 · Cited by 3
“In fact, one mechanism by which cognitive therapy is thought to achieve its effect is through increasing metacognition (Dobson, 2013) [i.e., recognizing and understanding one’s own cognitive processes, (Flavell, 1979)].”
Neural dynamics of metacognitive monitoring: a dual-stage perspective on judgments of learning
Cong, P., Zhang, X., Guo, Y., Long, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07035-9 · Cited by 3
“Metacognitive monitoring is crucial for shaping indi - viduals’ subsequent study behavior and facilitating effective learning (Flavell, 1979; Fleming & Dolan, 2012 ).”
Towards projection of the individualised risk assessment for the cybersecurity workforce
Brilingaitė, A., Bukauskas, L., Domarkienė, I., Rančelis, T., Ambrozaitytė, L., Pirta-Dreimane, R., Lugo, R. G., & Knox, B. J. (2024) · Computer Standards & Interfaces · doi:10.1016/j.csi.2024.103962 · Cited by 4
Hong, M., & Lv, S. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07184-x · Cited by 4
“Meta-cognition requires individuals to actively monitor and regulate their cognitive activities (Flavell, 1979).”
Instrumental peer mentoring using visual arts to support university students: A scoping review
Aldossary, M. S., Smith, C. A., & Paris, L. (2024) · Review of Education · doi:10.1002/rev3.70026 · Cited by 4
Estimating self-performance when making complex decisions
Lu, X., Murawski, C., Bossaerts, P. L., & Suzuki, S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-87601-8 · Cited by 4
From Confound to Clinical Tool: Mindfulness and the Observer Effect in Research and Therapy
Bauer, C. C. C., Atad, D. A., Farb, N. A. S., & Brewer, J. A. (2025) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.012 · Cited by 6
Developing Conflict Monitoring Abilities Predict Children's Revision of an Intuitive Theory
Holstein, E. R., Theobald, M., Weindorf, L. S., & Brod, G. (2025) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.14241 · Cited by 3
“Hence, learners often have difficulty even recognizing contradictory evidence (Limón and Carretero 1997; Theobald et al. 2024), especially when inconsistent information is presented more implicitly (Markman 1977, 1979).”
Milshtein, D., Badarneh, J., & Henik, A. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105066 · Cited by 3
Zhang, L., Carter, R. A., & Lim, S. N. (2025) · Journal of Special Education Technology · doi:10.1177/01626434251349405 · Cited by 4
“…to SRL, meta-cognition theory examines individuals ’ awareness and understanding of their cognitive processes, including knowledge of themselves as learners, understanding of task requirements and conditions, and ability to regulate cognitive processes during task performance (Flavell, 1979).”
Tatasciore, M., Bennett, L., Bowden, V. K., Bell, J., Visser, T. A. W., McAnally, K. I., McCarley, J. S., Thompson, M. B., Shanahan, C., Morris, R. A., et al. (2025) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/00187208251349269 · Cited by 3
“However, limitations in meta-cognition may mean that participants may not always be able to accurately estimate task dif fi culty or monitor their own capability, resulting in sub-optimal case-by-case transparency selection (Flavell, 1979; Osman, 2010).”
dmQAR: Mapping Metacognition in Digital Spaces onto Question–Answer Relationship
Adams, B., Wilson, N. S., & Mertens, G. E. (2025) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15060751 · Cited by 8
Chao, C., Chiu, Y., Tsai, C., Lin, M., Yang, C., Ho, C.-C., Hsu, C., & Chen, H. (2025) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-025-07522-y · Cited by 8
Determinants of Xenophobic Attitudes Towards Displaced Migrants Among Healthcare Workers
Daşl, Ç., & Şimşek, Z. (2025) · Advances in Social Work · doi:10.18060/28346 · Cited by 4
“From this perspective, metacognitive cultural intelligence is considered an important stage that will help individuals develop their intuitions and individual norms in the direction of the new culture while interacting socially (Flavell, 1979; Nelson, 1996).”
Metacognitive skills driven knowledge tracing
Yin, J., Qiao, J., Xu, H., Goh, T., & Hu, Y. (2025) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2025.129229 · Cited by 4
Mei, H., & Yang, S. (2025) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1111/ijal.12814 · Cited by 5
Si, Q., Hodges, T. S., & Mousavi, V. (2025) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15081059 · Cited by 5
“Writers must understand not only their own learning processes but also how to flexibly apply strategies that suit the rhetorical demands of each mode (Flavell, 1979; Paris & Winograd, 2013).”
The Negative Impact of AI-Enhanced Interdisciplinary STEM Curriculum on Cognitive Skills
Zhang, H., Cai, B., Li, L., & Zhang, R. (2025) · doi:10.1109/icaie64856.2025.11158270 · Cited by 3
“Constructivism underscores the need for learning environments that encourage students to question AI-generated outputs, explore alternative solutions, and engage in self-directed problem-solving [9].”
Four-to-six-year-olds’ developing metacognition and its association with learning outcomes
Chen, S., Green, M. F., & Hodge, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2025.1653320 · Cited by 9
The role of disciplinary enculturation in stance-taking in L2 academic writing
Kurt, B., & Kafes, H. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105720 · Cited by 5
Metacognition in Strategic Decision Making
Najmaei, A., & Sadeghinejad, Z. (2016) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-68123-659-920251004 · Cited by 3
Si, J. J., Li, D., Wang, Q., Liu, A. W., Lin, X., Zhu, Y., Zhou, X., Wang, A. Y., & Wang, K. Y. (2026) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3772318.3790366 · Cited by 4
“…children can notice when an outcome “does not look right”, the more advanced processes that vibe coding implicitly requires, such as reasoning about why a prompt failed, how the system interpreted it, and how to revise it more effectively, are not yet fully developed at this age [31, 97].”
Dancer, A. P. (2007) · DigitalCommons@UNO · Cited by 3
DEVELOPMENT OF READING/WRITING SKILLS: ACQUISITION AND DOMINION
Montealegre, R., & Forero, L. A. (2006) · Repositorio Institucional Universidad Católica de Colombia (Universidad Católica de Colombia) · Cited by 3
Turcotte, C., & Cloutier, É. (2014) · Canadian Journal of Education / Revue canadienne de l éducation · Cited by 3
Zampieri, M., & Schelini, P. W. (2013) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 3
Kılınç, F. E. (2013) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.183 · Cited by 3
Metacompreensão e inteligência: um estudo correlacional com estudantes do ensino fundamental
Joly, M. C. R. A., & Dias, A. S. (2012) · Estudos de Psicologia (Natal) · doi:10.1590/s1413-294x2012000100006 · Cited by 3
Arro, G. (2014) · Eesti Haridusteaduste Ajakiri = Estonian Journal of Education · doi:10.12697/eha.2014.2.1.07 · Cited by 3
Kim, Y., & Shin, D.-H. (2014) · Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education · doi:10.15267/keses.2014.33.4.751 · Cited by 3
“As cognitive strategies were invoked to make a cognitive progress (Flavell, 1979), it was assumed that they used different cognitive strategies to predict.”
MethodThe nature of complexity facing novice designers in a constraint satisfaction task
Smy, V., Seeby, H., & Patrick, J. (2015) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2014.1001447 · Cited by 3
“A final source of constraint complexity may be due to the individual processing demands of certain types of extrinsic constraint and how these may also be affected by the nature of the available external representation of the task (Jones and Schkade 1995; Novick 2001). Carroll, Thomas, and Malhotra (1980) found, given…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEstimating the degree of failed understanding: a possible role for online technology
Grabe, M. D., & Holfeld, B. J. (2013) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12038 · Cited by 3
Santaella, C. M. (2012) · e-rph (University of Granada) · Cited by 3
Indices métacognitifs générés par rétrospection à partir d’épisodes de protocoles verbaux et visuels
Dionne, J.-P. (2007) · Revue des sciences de l éducation · doi:10.7202/031892ar · Cited by 3
Metacognitive Strategy Training and Vocabulary Learning in an "Input-poor" Environment
Mahdavi, M. (2014) · International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research · Cited by 3
Assessing sonic affects in everyday life: looking for metacognition and metaemotion
Paiva, D. (2016) · Qualitative Research Journal · doi:10.1108/qrj-01-2015-0009 · Cited by 3
Ndururi, J. G. (2015) · Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management · doi:10.61426/sjbcm.v2i1.91 · Cited by 3
“Research gap Flavell (1979) researched on the process of cognitive monitoring occurring through the actions and interactions of four classes or interrelated phenomena.”
BackgroundRole of Metacognition in Mathematical Problem Solving Process of Permutations and Combinations
Murata, A., & Ohta, Y. (2013) · Transactions of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering · doi:10.5057/jjske.12.447 · Cited by 3
“メタ認知(metacognition)とは,人の認知活動に関する 知識を表し,認知活動を統制する過程であり,岡本[5], Flavell[8],Brown[9]によってメタ認知には「メタ認知 知識」と「認知の制御」の2つの側面を含んでいると定義さ れている.”
InfluentialDoes the Use of Metacognitive Strategies Influence Students’ Problem Solving Skills in Physics?
Shareeja, A. M. C., & Gafoor, A. (2014) · IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science · doi:10.9790/0837-191174851 · Cited by 3
“According to Flavell (1979) they are the main components at the highest hierarchical level of metacognitive activities before commencing a task, during execution of the task, and upon completion of the task, respectively.”
BackgroundFurther Explorations of the “White Space” Bias in Users’ Anticipation of Task Workload
Sublette, M., Carswell, C. M., Seidelman, W., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/1541931213571356 · Cited by 3
“…about the characteristics or conditions of a task that distinguish high-demand tasks from low-demand tasks, what he believes about the efficacy of using certain strategies to accomplish specific task goals, and the interactions of these constructs, i.e. metacognitive knowledge (Flavell, 1979).”
BackgroundPromoting Strategic Reading Using the iBooks Author Application
Auer, N. (2014) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6284-1.ch010 · Cited by 3
Gitonga, N. P., & Zhang, Y. (2016) · International Symposium on Business Cooperation and Development · doi:10.2991/isbcd-16.2016.78 · Cited by 3
Evaluación de la Comprensión Lectora
Midence-Laynes, M. E. (2016) · Revista Iberoamericana de Bioeconomía y Cambio Climático · doi:10.5377/ribcc.v2i1.5706 · Cited by 3
THE INVESTIGATION OF STUDENTS’ METACOGNITION IN READING COMPREHENSION
Nurfadhilah, G. (2016) · Repository at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia) · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Flavell, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Flavell, John H.
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1979-10
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 906-911
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2093950336
- Cited by
- 11,282
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1118 · 2025: 902 · 2024: 768 · 2023: 751 · 2022: 680 · 2021: 687 · 2020: 666 · 2019: 603 · 2018: 518 · 2017: 449 · 2016: 415 · 2015: 410 · 2014: 451 · 2013: 363 · 2012: 336
- FWCI
- 19.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- metacognition, cognitive monitoring, cognitive development, self-monitoring, metacognitive awareness
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