Cited by 8,596Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesBehavioral Health and InterventionsSmoking Behavior and Cessation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors.

Open access

Prochaska, James O., DiClemente, Carlo C., Norcross, John C.·1992·American Psychologist

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

How people intentionally change addictive behaviors with and without treatment is not well understood by behavioral scientists. This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key trans-theoretical constructs of stages and processes of change. Modification of addictive behaviors involves progression through five stages--pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance--and individuals typically recycle through these stages several times before termination of the addiction. Multiple studies provide strong support for these stages as well as for a finite and common set of change processes used to progress through the stages. Research to date supports a trans-theoretical model of change that systematically integrates the stages with processes of change from diverse theories of psychotherapy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0003-066x.47.9.1102

Cites

64 of 64 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

3 more claims about this paper

Create a free account to see every claim other papers make about this one.

See all claims — free account

Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.51.3.390 · Cited by 9,098
Self-citation
Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change
Garfield, S. L., Bergin, A. E., & Dryden, W. (1987) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.1.4.264a · Cited by 3,997
Transtheoretical therapy: Toward a more integrative model of change.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1982) · Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice · doi:10.1037/h0088437 · Cited by 3,922
Self-citation
The process of smoking cessation: An analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change.
DiClemente, C. C., Prochaska, J. O., Fairhurst, S., Velicer, W. F., Velasquez, M. M., & Rossi, J. S. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.59.2.295 · Cited by 2,402
Self-citation
The benefits of psychotherapy
Smith, M. L., Glass, G. V., & Miller, T. I. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,123
The Transtheoretical Approach: Crossing Traditional Boundaries of Therapy
Sporakowski, M. J., Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1986) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/584540 · Cited by 1,975
Self-citation
Toward a Comprehensive Model of Change
Prochaska, J. O., & Diclemente, C. C. (1986) · Treating Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2191-0_1 · Cited by 1,877
Self-citation
Systems of psychotherapy a transtheoretical analysis
Prochaska, J. O., & Norcross, J. C. (2010) · Cited by 1,487
Self-citation
Untitled work
(1992) · PubMed · Cited by 1,429
Self-citation
Stages of change in psychotherapy: Measurement and sample profiles.
McConnaughy, E. A., Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F. (1983) · Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice · doi:10.1037/h0090198 · Cited by 1,201
Self-citation

Show all 64 references

Items 901–1,000 of 1,107

Relapse as a nonlinear dynamic system: Application to patients with alcohol use disorders.
Hufford, M. R., Witkiewitz, K., Shields, A. L., Kodya, S., & Caruso, J. C. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.2.219 · Cited by 81
Increasing Cervical Cancer Awareness and Screening in Jamaica: Effectiveness of a Theory-Based Educational Intervention
Interis, E., Anakwenze, C. P., Aung, M., & Jolly, P. E. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13010053 · Cited by 87
Evaluating the Impact of Diabetes Self-Management Education Methods on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Adam, L. M., O’Connor, C. P., & Garcia, A. C. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.11.003 · Cited by 101
Towards a Psychology of Coaching: The Impact of Coaching on Metacognition, Mental Health and Goal Attainment.
Grant, A. M. (2001) · Cited by 88
Escalation and de‐escalation of commitment: a commitment transformation analysis of an e‐government project
Pan, G., Pan, S. L., Newman, M., & Flynn, D. J. (2005) · Information Systems Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2575.2006.00209.x · Cited by 85
Targeting Social Messages with Emotions of Change: The Call for Optimism
Peter, P. C., & Honea, H. (2012) · Journal of Public Policy & Marketing · doi:10.1509/jppm.11.098 · Cited by 94
Screening mammography and constructs from the transtheoretical model: Associations using two definitions of the stages-of-adoption
Rakowski, W., Ehrich, B., Dube, C. E., Pearlman, D. N., Goldstein, M. G., Peterson, K. K., Rimer, B. K., & Woolverton, H. (1996) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf02909581 · Cited by 87
Readiness to Change in a Clinical Sample of Problem Drinkers: Relation to Alcohol Use, Self-Efficacy, and Treatment Outcome
Demmel, R., Beck, B., Richter, D., & Reker, T. (2004) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000077702 · Cited by 87
Is the transtheoretical model and motivational interviewing approach applicable to the treatment of eating disorders? A review
Dray, J., & Wade, T. D. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.06.005 · Cited by 87
Psychosocial Determinants of Adequacy of Gestational Weight Gain
Webb, J. B., Siega‐Riz, A. M., & Dole, N. (2008) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2008.490 · Cited by 87
Efficacy of the HealthMatters Program Train‐the‐Trainer Model
Marks, B., Sisirak, J., & Chang, Y. (2013) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12045 · Cited by 95
Application of the Transtheoretical Model to substance abuse: historical development and future directions
Migneault, J. P., Adams, T. B., & Read, J. P. (2005) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1080/09595230500290866 · Cited by 87
The False-Hope Syndrome
Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2000) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00076 · Cited by 87
Nutrition Intervention for High-Risk Auto Workers: Results of the Next Step Trial
Tilley, B. C., Glanz, K., Kristal, A. R., Hirst, K., Li, S., Vernon, S. W., & Myers, R. E. (1999) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.1998.0439 · Cited by 87
Acceptability of Emergency Department‐based Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol Problems
Hungerford, D. W., Pollock, D. A., & Todd, K. H. (2000) · Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb00496.x · Cited by 86
Nutrition Intervention Group Program based on Preaction-stage–oriented Change Processes of the Transtheoretical Model Promotes Long-term Reduction in Dietary Fat Intake
Finckenor, M., & Byrd‐Bredbenner, C. (2000) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(00)00104-8 · Cited by 89
USPHS/IDSA Guidelines for the Prevention of Opportunistic Infections in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: An Overview*
Kaplan, J. E., Masur, H., Holmes, K. K., Wilfert, C. M., SPERLING, R. S., Baker, S. A., Trapnell, C. B., Freedberg, K. A., Cotton, D. J., Powderly, W. G., et al. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/21.supplement_1.s12 · Cited by 87
Transtheoretical Measures for Adolescent and Adult Smokers: Similarities and Differences
Pallonen, U. E. (1998) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.1998.0423 · Cited by 87
Reframing HIV prevention for gay men in the United States.
Halkitis, P. N. (2010) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.65.8.752 · Cited by 86
Innovative Newsletter Interventions Improve Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Healthy Adults
LUTZ, S. F., AMMERMAN, A. S., ATWOOD, J. R., CAMPBELL, M. K., DeVELLIS, R. F., & ROSAMOND, W. D. (1999) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(99)00169-8 · Cited by 86
Voluntary temporary abstinence from alcohol during “Dry January” and subsequent alcohol use.
de Visser, R. O., Robinson, E., & Bond, R. (2015) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000297 · Cited by 106
Exercise and Older Adults
Burbank, P. M., Reibe, D., Padula, C. A., & Nigg, C. R. (2002) · Orthopaedic Nursing · doi:10.1097/00006416-200207000-00009 · Cited by 87
Young men's ambivalence toward alcohol
de Visser, R. O., & Smith, J. A. (2006) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.09.010 · Cited by 91
Measuring readiness-to-change substance misuse among psychiatric outpatients: I. Reliability and validity of self-report measures.
Carey, K. B., Maisto, S. A., Carey, M. P., & Purnine, D. M. (2001) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2001.62.79 · Cited by 86
Adherence to exercise in later life: how can exercise on prescription programmes be made more effective?
Thurston, M., & Green, K. (2004) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/dah311 · Cited by 103
Evaluation of a single-session brief motivational enhancement intervention for partner abusive men.
Crane, C. A., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2013) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0032178 · Cited by 93
The effectiveness of a work style intervention and a lifestyle physical activity intervention on the recovery from neck and upper limb symptoms in computer workers
Bernaards, C. M., Ariëns, G. A., Knol, D. L., & Hildebrandt, V. H. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.06.007 · Cited by 86
Safer sex: Social and psychological predictors of behavioral maintenance and change among heterosexual women.
Morrill, A. C., Ickovics, J. R., Golubchikov, V. V., Beren, S. E., & al, E. (1996) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.64.4.819 · Cited by 86
Impact of Work Site Health Promotion on Stages of Dietary Change: The Working Well Trial
Glanz, K., Patterson, R. E., Kristal, A. R., Feng, Z., Linnan, L. A., Heimendinger, J., & Hébert, J. R. (1998) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/109019819802500404 · Cited by 86
CIGARETTE SMOKING AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Rigotti, N. A., & Pasternak, R. C. (1996) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70260-5 · Cited by 85
Innovations in Adolescent Substance Abuse Intervention
Wagner, E. F., Brown, S. A., Monti, P. M., Myers, M. G., & Waldron, H. B. (1999) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/00000374-199902000-00008 · Cited by 91
Understanding behavior change for women experiencing intimate partner violence: Mapping the ups and downs using the stages of change
Chang, J. C., Dado, D., Ashton, S., Hawker, L., Cluss, P. A., Buranosky, R., & Scholle, S. H. (2006) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2006.06.009 · Cited by 112
“If You Build It, They Will Come”: Attitudes of Medical Residents and Fellows About Seeking Services in a Resident Wellness Program
Ey, S., Moffit, M., Kinzie, J. M., Choi, D., & Girard, D. E. (2013) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-12-00048.1 · Cited by 87
Understanding travel behaviour change during mega-events: Lessons from the London 2012 Games
Parkes, S. D., Jopson, A., & Marsden, G. R. (2016) · Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.tra.2016.07.006 · Cited by 85
The Impact of Child Abuse in Community Institutions and Organizations: Advancing Professional and Scientific Understanding
Wolfe, D. A., Jaffe, P. G., Jetté, J. L., & Poisson, S. E. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg021 · Cited by 91
Spanning the know-do gap: Understanding knowledge application and capacity in long-term care homes
Berta, W. B., Teare, G. F., Gilbart, E., Ginsburg, L. S., Lemieux‐Charles, L., Davis, D., & Rappolt, S. G. (2010) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.11.028 · Cited by 86
Getting there and hanging on: The effect of regulatory focus on performance in smoking and weight loss interventions.
Fuglestad, P. T., Rothman, A. J., & Jeffery, R. W. (2008) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.3(suppl.).s260 · Cited by 85
What influences physical activity in people with heart failure? A qualitative study
Tierney, S., Elwers, H., Sange, C., Mamas, M. A., Rutter, M. K., Gibson, M., Neyses, L., & Deaton, C. (2011) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.03.003 · Cited by 92
Exercise interventions for smoking cessation
USSHER, M. H., Taylor, A. H., & Faulkner, G. (2008) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002295.pub3 · Cited by 114
A critical review of the pain readiness to change model
Kerns, R. D., & Habib, S. (2004) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2004.06.005 · Cited by 84
Engaging resistant adolescents in drug abuse treatment
Waldron, H. B., Kern-Jones, S., Turner, C. W., Peterson, T. R., & Ozechowski, T. J. (2007) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2006.07.007 · Cited by 84
The effect of motivational interviewing on oral healthcare knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of parents and caregivers of preschool children: an exploratory cluster randomised controlled study
Naidu, R. S., Nunn, J., & Irwin, J. D. (2015) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0068-9 · Cited by 85
Effectiveness of brief interventions as part of the screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) model for reducing the non-medical use of psychoactive substances: a systematic review protocol
Young, M. M., Stevens, A., Porath-Waller, A. J., Pirie, T., Garritty, C., Skidmore, B., Turner, L., Arratoon, C., Haley, N., Leslie, K., et al. (2012) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-1-22 · Cited by 85
Thematic analysis of hip-hop music: Can hip-hop in therapy facilitate empathic connections when working with clients in urban settings?
Kobin, C., & Tyson, E. H. (2006) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2006.05.001 · Cited by 84
Cigarette Smoking Behaviors and Beliefs in Persons Living With HIV/AIDS
Shuter, J., Bernstein, S. L., & Moadel, A. B. (2012) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.36.1.8 · Cited by 84
Psychometric properties of the Patient Activation Measure among individuals presenting for elective lumbar spine surgery
Skolasky, R. L., MacKenzie, E. J., Riley, L. H., & Wegener, S. T. (2009) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-009-9549-0 · Cited by 90
Decision to Leave Scale: Perceived Reasons to Stay in or Leave Violent Relationships
Hendy, H. M., Eggen, D., Gustitus, C., McLeod, K. C., & Ng, P. (2003) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/1471-6402.00096 · Cited by 99
Is a Stage Model a Useful Approach to Explain Car Drivers' Willingness to Use Public Transportation?
Bamberg, S. (2007) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00236.x · Cited by 84
A Group Motivational Treatment for Chemical Dependency
Foote, J. P., DeLuca, A., Magura, S., Warner, A., Grand, A., Rosenblum, A., & Stahl, S. (1999) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(99)00003-3 · Cited by 85
Stages of change in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers.
Petry, N. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.2.312 · Cited by 89
Processes and Stages of Change: Counseling With the Transtheoretical Model of Change
Petrocelli, J. V. (2002) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2002.tb00162.x · Cited by 84
Knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes about hearing loss and hearing protection among racial/ethnically diverse young adults.
Crandell, C. C., Mills, T. L., & Gauthier, R. (2004) · PubMed Central · Cited by 84
Molar environmental contexts surrounding recovery from alcohol problems by treated and untreated problem drinkers.
Tucker, J. A., Vuchinich, R. E., & Pukish, M. M. (1995) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.3.2.195 · Cited by 84
Predicting intermediate outcomes for prevention coalitions: a developmental perspective
Florin, P. R., Mitchell, R. E., Stevenson, J. F., & Klein, I. (2000) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/s0149-7189(00)00022-7 · Cited by 84
A Review of the Health Impact of Smoking Control at the Workplace
Eriksen, M. P., & Gottlieb, N. H. (1998) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-13.2.83 · Cited by 83
Effectiveness of brief interventions as part of the Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) model for reducing the nonmedical use of psychoactive substances: a systematic review
Young, M. M., Stevens, A., Galipeau, J., Pirie, T., Garritty, C., Singh, K., Yazdi, F., Golfam, M., Pratt, M., Turner, L., et al. (2014) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-3-50 · Cited by 83
Motivational interviewing for the prevention of alcohol misuse in young adults
Foxcroft, D., Coombes, L., Wood, S., Allen, D., Santimano, N. M. A., & Moreira, M. T. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007025.pub4 · Cited by 94
The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with self-efficacy, optimism, and general well-being
Magaletta, P. R., & Oliver, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199905)55:5<539::aid-jclp2>3.0.co;2-g · Cited by 694
Construct, concurrent and predictive validity of the URICA: Data from two multi-site clinical trials
Field, C. A., Adinoff, B. H., Harris, T. R., Ball, S. A., & Carroll, K. M. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.003 · Cited by 94
Retention in substance dependence treatment: the relevance of in-treatment factors
Oene, G. H. D. W.-V., Schippers, G. M., de Jong, C. A. J., & Schrijvers, G. (2001) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(01)00160-x · Cited by 83
Neurocognitive influences on health behavior in a community sample.
Hall, P. A., Elias, L. J., & Crossley, M. (2006) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.25.6.778 · Cited by 88
‘Engage me in taking care of my heart’: a grounded theory study on patient–cardiologist relationship in the hospital management of heart failure
Barello, S., Graffigna, G., Vegni, E. A. M., Savarese, M., Lombardi, F., & Bosio, A. C. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005582 · Cited by 95
Snowball sampling by mail: application to a survey of smokers in the general population
Etter, J., & Perneger, T. (2000) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/29.1.43 · Cited by 83
Treatment Foster Care
Chamberlain, P. (2002) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195134575.003.0006 · Cited by 83
Action learning for developing leaders and organizations: Principles, strategies, and cases.
Marquardt, M. J., Leonard, H. S., Freedman, A. M., & Hill, C. C. (2009) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11874-000 · Cited by 88
A randomized trial of sequential and simultaneous multiple behavior change interventions for physical activity and fat intake
Vandelanotte, C., Reeves, M. M., Brug, J., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2008) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.07.008 · Cited by 80
Effectiveness of Active-Online, an Individually Tailored Physical Activity Intervention, in a Real-Life Setting: Randomized Controlled Trial
Wanner, M., Martin‐Diener, E., Braun‐Fahrländer, C., Bauer, G. F., & Martin, B. W. (2009) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1179 · Cited by 84
CEOS Theory: A Comprehensive Approach to Understanding Hard to Maintain Behaviour Change
Borland, R. (2016) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12083 · Cited by 82
What makes a mobile app successful in supporting health behaviour change?
Fitzgerald, M., & McClelland, T. (2016) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896916681179 · Cited by 95
Telemedicine-Based Health Coaching Is Effective for Inducing Weight Loss and Improving Metabolic Markers
Johnson, K. E., Alencar, M., Coakley, K. E., Swift, D. L., Cole, N. H., Mermier, C. M., Kravitz, L. R., Amorim, F. T., & Gibson, A. L. (2018) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2018.0002 · Cited by 84
Motivational Strategies in Interventions for Intimate Partner Violence Offenders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Santirso, F. A., Gilchrist, G., Lila, M., & Gracia, E. (2020) · Psychosocial Intervention · doi:10.5093/pi2020a13 · Cited by 99
Smoking behavior and interest in quitting among homeless smokers
Arnsten, J. H., Reid, K. W., Bierer, M. F., & Rigotti, N. A. (2004) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.03.010 · Cited by 82
The long good-bye: The dissolution of customer-service provider relationships
Coulter, R. A., & Ligas, M. (2000) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/1520-6793(200008)17:8<669::aid-mar2>3.0.co;2-t · Cited by 82
A Minimal-Contact Intervention for Cardiac Inpatients: Long-Term Effects on Smoking Cessation
Bolman, C. A. W. (2002) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.2002.1036 · Cited by 82
Predictors of low physical fitness in a cohort of active-duty U.S. Air Force members
Robbins, A. S., Chao, S. Y., Fonseca, V. P., Snedecor, M. R., & Knapik, J. J. (2001) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00280-4 · Cited by 82
Using the stages of change model to counsel victims of intimate partner violence
Frasier, P. Y., Slatt, L., Kowlowitz, V., & Glowa, P. T. (2001) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/s0738-3991(00)00152-x · Cited by 81
A Comparison of Static and Dynamic Assessment of Sexual Offender Risk and Need in a Treatment Context
Olver, M. E., & Wong, S. C. P. (2010) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854810389534 · Cited by 81
Engaging in Pro-Environment Travel Behaviour Research from a Psycho-Social Perspective: A Review of Behavioural Variables and Theories
Pronello, C., & Gaborieau, J.-B. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10072412 · Cited by 89
A Critical Review of Horse-Related Risk: A Research Agenda for Safer Mounts, Riders and Equestrian Cultures
Thompson, K., McGreevy, P., & McManus, P. (2015) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani5030372 · Cited by 76
A pilot study testing the feasibility of skin temperature monitoring to reduce recurrent foot ulcers in patients with diabetes – a randomized controlled trial
Skafjeld, A., Iversen, M. M., Holme, I., Ribu, L., Hvaal, K. H., & Kilhovd, B. K. (2015) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12902-015-0054-x · Cited by 83
Patient-Centered Communication to Assess and Enhance Patient Adherence to Glaucoma Medication
Hahn, S. R. (2009) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.06.023 · Cited by 81
Predicting Treatment Seekers' Readiness to Change Their Drinking Behavior in the COMBINE Study
DiClemente, C. C., Doyle, S. R., & Donovan, D. M. (2009) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00905.x · Cited by 85
Self-citation
Knowledge Dissemination and Utilization in Gerontology: An Organizing Framework
Farkas, M. D., Jette, A. M., Tennstedt, S. L., Haley, S. M., & Quinn, V. (2003) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/43.suppl_1.47 · Cited by 81
Return-to-Work Self-Efficacy: Development and Validation of a Scale in Claimants with Musculoskeletal Disorders
Brouwer, S., Franche, R., Hogg‐Johnson, S., Lee, H., Krause, N., & Shaw, W. S. (2010) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-010-9262-4 · Cited by 87
Expanding the Reach of Health Campaigns: Community Organizations as Meta-Channels for the Dissemination of Health Information
Stephens, K. K., Rimal, R. N., & Flora, J. A. (2004) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730490271557 · Cited by 83
Precepting Humanism: Strategies for Fostering the Human Dimensions of Care in Ambulatory Settings
Gracey, C. F., Haidet, P., Branch, W. T., Weissmann, P. F., Kern, D. E., Mitchell, G., Frankel, R. M., & Inui, T. S. (2004) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200501000-00007 · Cited by 83
Subtypes within the precontemplation stage of adolescent smoking acquisition
Kremers, S., Mudde, A. N., & de Vries, H. (2001) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(00)00104-0 · Cited by 81
Assessing stages of change for fruit and vegetable intake in young adults: a combination of traditional staging algorithms and food-frequency questionnaires
Ma, J., Betts, N. M., Horacek, T., Georgiou, C., & White, A. (2003) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/18.2.224 · Cited by 81
Education and Telephone Case Management for Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Howe, C. J., Jawad, A. F., Tuttle, A., Moser, J. T., Preis, C., Buzby, M., & Murphy, K. M. (2005) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2004.12.010 · Cited by 81
Affective and health-related outcome expectancies for physical activity in older adults
Gellert, P. R., Ziegelmann, J. P., & Schwarzer, R. (2011) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2011.607236 · Cited by 81
The power of video to trigger innovation: rice processing in central Benin
Zossou, E., Mele, P. V., Vodouhê, S. D., & Wanvoeke, J. (2009) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.3763/ijas.2009.0438 · Cited by 81
The applicability of the theory of planned behavior to the intention to quit smoking across workplaces in southern taiwan
Hu, S.-C., & Lanese, R. R. (1998) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00045-2 · Cited by 80
Integrating stage and continuum models to explain processing of exercise messages and exercise initiation among sedentary college students.
Rosen, C. S. (2000) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.19.2.172 · Cited by 81
Dynamic typology clustering within the stages of change for smoking cessation
Norman, G. J., Velicer, W. F., Fava, J. L., & Prochaska, J. O. (1998) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00039-7 · Cited by 81
Self-citation
Management of Child and Adolescent Obesity: Psychological, Emotional, and Behavioral Assessment
Jonides, L. K., Buschbacher, V. I., & Barlow, S. E. (2002) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.110.s1.215 · Cited by 79
Growth Curve Modeling and Longitudinal Factor Analysis
Ram, N., & Grimm, K. J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy120 · Cited by 80
Effectiveness of a Web-Based, Computer-Tailored, Pedometer-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Adults: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Compernolle, S., Vandelanotte, C., Cardon, G., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & De Cocker, K. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3402 · Cited by 80
The Distinct Psychologies of “Looking” and “Leaping”: Assessment and Locomotion as the Springs of Action
Kruglanski, A. W., Pierro, A., Mannetti, L., & Higgins, T. E. (2013) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12015 · Cited by 87
Internet-based treatment of pathological gambling with a three-year follow-up
Carlbring, P., Degerman, N., Jonsson, J., & Andersson, G. (2012) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2012.689323 · Cited by 78
One-year outcomes and mediators of a brief intervention for drug abusing adolescents
Winters, K. C., Lee, S., Botzet, A., Fahnhorst, T., & Nicholson, A. (2014) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0035041 · Cited by 71

Authors: Prochaska, J. O., DiClemente, C. C., & Norcross, J. C.
Affiliations: University of Rhode Island (US)
ORCID: DiClemente, Carlo C.
Norcross, John C.
Venue: American Psychologist
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1992-09
Volume: 47
Issue: 9
Pages: 1102-1114
ISSN: 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
1935-990X
DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.47.9.1102
OpenAlex: W2061320251
Cited by: 8,596
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 74 · 2025: 118 · 2024: 135 · 2023: 162 · 2022: 170 · 2021: 264 · 2020: 309 · 2019: 274 · 2018: 288 · 2017: 266 · 2016: 319 · 2015: 367 · 2014: 362 · 2013: 401 · 2012: 400
FWCI: 56.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
digitalcommons.uri.edu
Licence: cc-by
Locations: American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed
Funders: National Cancer Institute (P01CA050087, R01CA027821)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Keywords: addictive behavior, stages of change, change processes, transtheoretical model, precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, addiction recovery
MeSH terms: Aftercare, Health Maintenance Organizations, Humans, Motivation, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Psychotherapy, Social Support, Smoking Cessation, Behavior, Addictive

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources