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Cited by 229Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

A conceptual model for the development of externalizing behavior problems among kindergarten children of alcoholic families: Role of parenting and children's self-regulation.

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Eiden, Rina D., Edwards, Ellen P., Leonard, Kenneth E.·2007·Developmental Psychology
DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.43.5.1187PMC PMC2720575
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test a conceptual model predicting children's externalizing behavior problems in kindergarten in a sample of children with alcoholic (n = 130) and nonalcoholic (n = 97) parents. The model examined the role of parents' alcohol diagnoses, depression, and antisocial behavior at 12-18 months of child age in predicting parental warmth/sensitivity at 2 years of child age. Parental warmth/sensitivity at 2 years was hypothesized to predict children's self-regulation at 3 years (effortful control and internalization of rules), which in turn was expected to predict externalizing behavior problems in kindergarten. Structural equation modeling was largely supportive of this conceptual model. Fathers' alcohol diagnosis at 12-18 months was associated with lower maternal and paternal warmth/sensitivity at 2 years. Lower maternal warmth/sensitivity was longitudinally predictive of lower child self-regulation at 3 years, which in turn was longitudinally predictive of higher externalizing behavior problems in kindergarten, after controlling for prior behavior problems. There was a direct association between parents' depression and children's externalizing behavior problems. Results indicate that one pathway to higher externalizing behavior problems among children of alcoholics may be via parenting and self-regulation in the toddler to preschool years.

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  • Studies among COA have focused on toddlers, preschoolers and adolescents, but less on children in middle to late childhood.

    “Studies among COA have focused on toddlers, preschoolers and adolescents, but less on children in middle to late childhood.”

    From “I Feel It In My Heart When My Parents Fight”: Experiences of 7–9-Year-Old Children of Alcoholics (2018) · cites this paper as Eiden, Edwards, & Leonard, 2007

    The Abstract (page unavailable) says most studies of alcoholic families begin in early adolescence and identifies a study beginning at ages 3–5; this paper itself begins in infancy. It does not explicitly say that research has focused on toddlers or that middle-to-late childhood has received less attention, so the full comparison is not established. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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  • COA display lower self-control during their toddler and pre-school phases.

    “COA display lower self-control during their toddler and pre-school phases (Eiden, Edwards, & Leonard, 2007)”

    From “I Feel It In My Heart When My Parents Fight”: Experiences of 7–9-Year-Old Children of Alcoholics (2018) · cites this paper as Eiden, Edwards, & Leonard, 2007

    The Discussion (page unavailable) links fathers’ alcoholism to poorer self-regulation in the preschool years, and the Results report lower self-regulation at age 3 along a pathway involving maternal warmth. The paper assesses parenting at age 2, not lower self-control among children of alcoholics during the toddler phase, so the claim extends beyond the reported finding. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

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Authors
Eiden, R. D., Edwards, E. P., & Leonard, K. E.
Affiliations
University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
ORCID
Venue
Developmental Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2007
Volume
43
Issue
5
Pages
1187-1201
ISSN
  • 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-0599
DOI
10.1037/0012-1649.43.5.1187
PMC
PMC2720575
OpenAlex
W2017333351
Cited by
229
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
FWCI
9.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (1RO1 AA 10042-01A1)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (1K21DA00231-01A1)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords
children of alcoholics, externalizing problems, parenting, children's self-regulation, effortful control, parental depression, maternal warmth, kindergarten children, conceptual model
MeSH terms
Alcoholism, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Depression, Father-Child Relations, Female, Humans, Infant, Inhibition, Psychological, Internal-External Control, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mother-Child Relations, New York, Personality Assessment, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Statistics as Topic, Child of Impaired Parents, Parenting

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