Reappraising the link between peritraumatic dissociation and PTSD symptom severity: Evidence from a longitudinal study of community violence survivors.
Abstract
Cross-lagged panel analysis of longitudinal data collected from young adult survivors of community violence was used to examine the relationship between recall of peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Recollections of peritraumatic dissociation assessed within days of exposure differed from recollections measured at 3- and 12-month follow-up interviews. Peritraumatic dissociation was highly correlated with PTSD symptoms within each wave of data collection. Baseline recollections of peritraumatic dissociation were not predictive of follow-up PTSD symptom severity after controlling for baseline PTSD symptom severity. This pattern of results replicates previous work demonstrating a correlation between peritraumatic dissociation and subsequent symptom severity. However, findings are not consistent with the prevailing view that peritraumatic dissociation leads to increased PTSD symptom severity.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Although dissociation is commonly reported in trauma survivors, it is not necessary for the development of PTSD.
“Investigations of specificity and sensitivity find that, although dissociation is commonly reported in survivors of trauma, it is not necessary for the development of PTSD (Briere, 2006; Holen, 1993; Marshall & Schell, 2002).”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Marshall & Schell, 2002
The relationship between peritraumatic dissociation and chronic PTSD may be mediated by arousal-related factors such as fears of death and loss of control or initial symptom severity.
“Indeed, the relationship between peritraumatic dissociation and chronic PTSD may be mediated by factors related to arousal such as fears of death and loss of control (Gershuny, Cloitre, & Otto, 2003) or initial symptom severity (Marshall & Schell, 2002; Marx & Sloan, 2005).”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Marshall & Schell, 2002
Cites
ASSESSMENT OF COMA AND IMPAIRED CONSCIOUSNESS
Teasdale, G., & Jennett, B. (1974) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91639-0 · Cited by 13,215 · see citing works
Hu, L.-T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.424 · Cited by 12,298 · see citing works
Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach
Steiger, J. H. (1990) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4 · Cited by 7,408 · see citing works
Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.6.984 · Cited by 1,868 · see citing works
Dissociation and the fragmentary nature of traumatic memories: Overview and exploratory study
van Der Kolk, B. A., & Fisler, R. (1995) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490080402 · Cited by 1,262 · see citing works
Pierre Janet and the breakdown of adaptation in psychological trauma
(1989) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.146.12.1530 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Andrykowski, M. A., Cordova, M. J., Studts, J. L., & Miller, T. W. (1998) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.66.3.586 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Objective assessment of peritraumatic dissociation: psychophysiological indicators
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.8.1081 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Hays, R. D., Marshall, G. N., Wang, E. Y. I., & Sherbourne, C. D. (1994) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.62.3.441 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The physical health consequences of PTSD and PTSD symptoms: A meta-analytic review
Pacella, M. L., Hruska, B., & Delahanty, D. L. (2013) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.08.004 · Cited by 677 · see citing works
Conceptualizing mindfulness and acceptance as components of psychological resilience to trauma
Thompson, R. W., Arnkoff, D. B., & Glass, C. R. (2011) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838011416375 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Marx, B. P., & Sloan, D. M. (2005) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.04.004 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Elwood, L. S., Hahn, K. S., Olatunji, B. O., & Williams, N. L. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.10.002 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Holmes, E. A., Grey, N., & Young, K. A. D. (2005) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.11.002 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Relations among peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress: A meta-analysis
Lensvelt-Mulders, G., van der Hart, O., van Ochten, J. M., van Son, M. J. M., Steele, K., & Breeman, L. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.03.006 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Kumpula, M. J., Orcutt, H. K., Bardeen, J. R., & Varkovitzky, R. L. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023927 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Does dissociation further our understanding of PTSD?
Bryant, R. A. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.09.012 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Peritraumatic dissociation as a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder: a critical review
Candel, I., & Merckelbach, H. (2004) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2003.09.012 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
“Hotspots” in trauma memories in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: A replication
Grey, N., & Holmes, E. A. (2008) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658210802266446 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Bedard-Gilligan, M., & Zoellner, L. A. (2012) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.655747 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
“Investigations of specificity and sensitivity find that, although dissociation is commonly reported in survivors of trauma, it is not necessary for the development of PTSD (Briere, 2006; Holen, 1991; Marshall & Schell, 2002).”
Dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder: a latent profile analysis
Blevins, C. A., Weathers, F. W., & Witte, T. K. (2014) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21933 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Laposa, J. M., & Rector, N. A. (2012) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.12.007 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Narrative fragmentation in child sexual abuse: the role of age and post-traumatic stress disorder
Miragoli, S., Camisasca, E., & Di Blasio, P. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.09.028 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Murphy, S., Elklit, A., Murphy, J., Hyland, P., & Shevlin, M. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22439 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Perceptual Memory Representations and Memory Fragmentation as Predictors of Post-Trauma Symptoms
Buck, N., Kindt, M., van den Hout, M., Steens, L., & Linders, C. (2006) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465806003468 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Tonic immobility during re-experiencing the traumatic event in posttraumatic stress disorder
de Kleine, R. A., Hagenaars, M. A., & van Minnen, A. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.051 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Marshall, G. N., & Schell, T. L.
- Affiliations
- RAND Corporation (US)
- ORCID
- Schell, Terry L.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 626-636
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2116768023
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 11.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH056122)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- peritraumatic dissociation, post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD symptom severity, young adults, cross-lagged panel model, longitudinal prediction, trauma exposure
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Models, Psychological, Mental Recall, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Violence, Survivors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
