Cited by 546Cognitive Abilities and TestingNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesCognitive Functions and Memory

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Working Memory Capacity and Fluid Intelligence Are Strongly Related Constructs: Comment on Ackerman, Beier, and Boyle (2005).

Kane, Michael J., Hambrick, David Z., Conway, Andrew R. A.·2005·Psychological Bulletin

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The authors agree with P. L. Ackerman, M. E. Beier, and M. O. Boyle (2005; see record 2004-22408-002) that working memory capacity (WMC) is not isomorphic with general fluid intelligence (Gf) or reasoning ability. However, the WMC and Gf/reasoning constructs are more strongly associated than Ackerman et al. (2005) indicate, particularly when considering the outcomes of latent-variable studies. The authors' reanalysis of 14 such data sets from 10 published studies, representing more than 3,100 young-adult subjects, suggests a strong correlation between WMC and Gf/reasoning factors (median r=.72), indicating that the WMC and Gf constructs share approximately 50% of their variance. This comment also clarifies the authors' "executive attention" view of WMC, it demonstrates that WMC has greater discriminant validity than Ackerman et al. (2005) implied, and it suggests some future directions and challenges for the scientific study of the convergence of WMC, attention control, and intelligence.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.66

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity
Cowan, N. (2001) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x01003922 · Cited by 6,779
Individual differences in working memory and reading
Daneman, M., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(80)90312-6 · Cited by 6,336
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation
(2021) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(21)x0002-3 · Cited by 5,082
The Cognitive neurosciences
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0626 · Cited by 4,726
Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: A latent-variable approach.
Engle, R. W., Tuholski, S. W., Laughlin, J. E., & Conway, A. R. A. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309 · Cited by 3,078
Self-citation
Working Memory Capacity as Executive Attention
Engle, R. W. (2002) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00160 · Cited by 2,507
Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control
Miyake, A., & Shah, P. (1999) · Cited by 2,404
The role of prefrontal cortex in working-memory capacity, executive attention, and general fluid intelligence: An individual-differences perspective
Kane, M. J., & Engle, R. W. (2002) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03196323 · Cited by 2,229
Self-citation
Untitled work
(1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,882

Show all 40 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 546

The domain-specific approach of working memory training
Peng, P., & Swanson, H. L. (2022) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2022.101035 · Cited by 45
Executive Function, Theory of Mind, and Adaptive Behavior
Coulacoglou, C., & Saklofske, D. H. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802219-1.00005-5 · Cited by 50
Can SMART Training Really Increase Intelligence? A Replication Study
Colbert, D., Tyndall, I. T., Roche, B. T., & Cassidy, S. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Education · doi:10.1007/s10864-018-9302-2 · Cited by 49
The role of short-term memory capacity and task experience for overconfidence in judgment under uncertainty.
Hansson, P., Juslin, P., & Winman, A. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0012638 · Cited by 40
Dissociable brain biomarkers of fluid intelligence
Paul, E. J., Larsen, R. J., Nikolaidis, A., Ward, N., Hillman, C. H., Cohen, N. J., Kramer, A. F., & Barbey, A. K. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.037 · Cited by 40
The wandering self: Tracking distracting self-generated thought in a cognitively demanding context
Huijser, S., van Vugt, M. K., & Taatgen, N. (2017) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2017.12.004 · Cited by 45
Individual differences in working memory and general intelligence indexed by P200 and P300: A latent variable model
Wongupparaj, P., Sumich, A. L., Wickens, M., Kumari, V., & Morris, R. G. (2018) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.10.009 · Cited by 39
The effects of cognitive abilities and task demands on tonic and phasic pupil sizes
Aminihajibashi, S., Hagen, T., Andreassen, O. A., Laeng, B., & Espeseth, T. (2020) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107945 · Cited by 42
Intelligence and working memory control: Evidence from the WISC-IV administration to Italian children
Cornoldi, C., Orsini, A., Cianci, L., Giofrè, D., & Pezzuti, L. (2013) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2013.04.005 · Cited by 42
Further explorations of perceptual speed abilities in the context of assessment methods, cognitive abilities, and individual differences during skill acquisition.
Ackerman, P. L., & Beier, M. E. (2007) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/1076-898x.13.4.249 · Cited by 38
Multivariate Lesion-Behavior Mapping of General Cognitive Ability and Its Psychometric Constituents
Bowren, M. D., Adolphs, R., Bruss, J., Manzel, K. W., Corbetta, M., Tranel, D., & Boes, A. D. (2020) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1415-20.2020 · Cited by 42
The role of working memory in long-term learning: Implications for childhood development
Forsberg, A., Adams, E. J., & Cowan, N. (2021) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2021.02.001 · Cited by 40
Individual Differences in Attention and Intelligence: A United Cognitive/Psychometric Approach
Conway, A. R. A., Kovacs, K., Hao, H., Rosales, K. P., & Snijder, J.-P. (2021) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence9030034 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
The Crucial Role of Working Memory in Intellectual Functioning
Cornoldi, C., & Giofrè, D. (2014) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000183 · Cited by 43
Cognitive processes and math performance: a study with children at third grade of basic education
Campos, I. S., Almeida, L. S., Ferreira, A. I., Martinez, L. F., & Ramalho, G. (2012) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-012-0121-x · Cited by 37
Fostering symbolic interpretation during adolescence
PESKIN, J. R., & Wells‐Jopling, R. (2011) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2011.08.002 · Cited by 39
Both attentional control and the ability to make remote associations aid spontaneous analogical transfer
Cushen, P. J., & Wiley, J. (2018) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-018-0845-1 · Cited by 36
The broad factor of working memory is virtually isomorphic to fluid intelligence tested under time pressure
Chuderski, A. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.046 · Cited by 35
How robust is the relationship between neural processing speed and cognitive abilities?
Schubert, A., Löffler, C., Hagemann, D., & Sadus, K. (2022) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14165 · Cited by 37
Working memory span tasks: Group administration and omitting accuracy criterion do not change metric characteristics
Đokić, R., Koso-Drljević, M., & Đapo, N. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205169 · Cited by 35
Pattern of Near Transfer Effects Following Working Memory Training With a Dual N-Back Task
Soveri, A., Karlsson, E. P. A., Waris, O., Grönholm-Nyman, P., & Laine, M. (2017) · Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000370 · Cited by 34
Physical activity mitigates the influence of blood cadmium on memory function: a cross-sectional analysis in US elderly population
You, Y., Chen, Y., Li, J., Zhang, Q., Zhang, Y., Yang, P., & Cao, Q. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-27053-7 · Cited by 34
Beyond the intellect: Complexity and learning trajectories in Raven's Progressive Matrices depend on self-regulatory processes and conative dispositions
Birney, D. P., Beckmann, J. F., Beckmann, N., & Double, K. S. (2017) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2017.01.005 · Cited by 34
Differential spontaneous recovery across cognitive abilities during detoxification period in alcohol-dependence
Petit, G., Luminet, O., Uva, M. C. D. S., Zorbas, A., Maurage, P., & de Timary, P. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176638 · Cited by 36
Working memory capacity mediates the relationship between removal and fluid intelligence
Singh, K. A., Gignac, G. E., Brydges, C. R., & Ecker, U. K. H. (2018) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2018.03.002 · Cited by 37
The relationship between working memory and intelligence in children: Is the scoring procedure important?
Giofrè, D., & Mammarella, I. C. (2014) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2014.08.001 · Cited by 33
Aging and flexible remembering: Contributions of conceptual span, fluid intelligence, and frontal functioning.
Aizpurua, A., & Koutstaal, W. (2010) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0018198 · Cited by 34
Exploring the neural substrates of attentional control and human intelligence: Diffusion tensor imaging of prefrontal white matter tractography in healthy cognition
Ohtani, T., Nestor, P. G., Sylvain Bouix, A., Newell, D. T., Melonakos, E. D., McCarley, R. W., Shenton, M. E., & Kubicki, M. R. (2016) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.11.002 · Cited by 33
Individual Differences in Comprehension of Contextualized Metaphors
Stamenković, D., Ichien, N., & Holyoak, K. J. (2020) · Metaphor and Symbol · doi:10.1080/10926488.2020.1821203 · Cited by 35
Catastrophe Models for Cognitive Workload and Fatigue in a Vigilance Dual Task
Guastello, S. J., Malon, M., Timm, P. C., Weinberger, K. A., Gorin, H. M., Fabisch, M., & Poston, K. (2013) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/0018720813508777 · Cited by 33
Delta-gamma coupling as a potential neurophysiological mechanism of fluid intelligence
Gągol, A., Magnuski, M., Kroczek, B., Kałamała, P., Ociepka, M., Santarnecchi, E., & Chuderski, A. (2017) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2017.11.003 · Cited by 32
Intelligent problem-solvers externalize cognitive operations
Bocanegra, B. R., Poletiek, F. H., Ftitache, B., & Clark, A. (2019) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0509-y · Cited by 33
Cultural Differences in Neuropsychological Abilities Required to Perform Intelligence Tasks
Fasfous, A. F., Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N., Vilar-Lopez, R., Catena-Martinez, A., & Perez-Garcia, M. (2013) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/act074 · Cited by 31
Cognitive, emotional, and social factors promoting psychosocial adaptation: a study of latent profiles in people living in socially vulnerable contexts
Carriedo, N., Rodríguez‐Villagra, O. A., Moguilner, S., Morales, J.-P., Huepe-Artigas, D., Soto, V., Franco-O’Byrne, D., Ibáñez, A. M., Bekinschtein, T. A., & Huepe, D. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1321242 · Cited by 36
A Fan Effect for Creative Thought: Semantic Richness Facilitates Idea Quantity but Constrains Idea QualityPreprint
Beaty, R. E., Kenett, Y. N., Hass, R. W., & Schacter, D. L. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/pfz2g · Cited by 31
Unraveling the Aging Skein: Disentangling Sensory and Cognitive Predictors of Age‐related Differences in Decision Making
Missier, F. D., Hansson, P., Parker, A. M., de Bruin, W. B., Nilsson, L., & Mäntylä, T. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.1926 · Cited by 30
The Evolution of Intelligence
Gabora, L. M., & Russon, A. E. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977244.018 · Cited by 30
Cognitive Functioning in Obstructive Lung Disease: Results from the United Kingdom Biobank
Cleutjens, F. A. H. M., Spruit, M. A., Ponds, R., Dijkstra, J. B., Franssen, F. M. E., Wouters, E. F. �., & Janssen, D. J. A. (2014) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.007 · Cited by 30
Towards an integrative model of visual short-term memory maintenance: Evidence from the effects of attentional control, load, decay, and their interactions in childhood
Shimi, A. G., & Scerif, G. (2017) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2017.08.005 · Cited by 31
Compression in Working Memory and Its Relationship With Fluid Intelligence
Chekaf, M., Gauvrit, N., Guida, A., & Mathy, F. (2018) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12601 · Cited by 29
Can we enhance working memory? Bias and effectiveness in cognitive training studies
Rodas, J. A., Asimakopoulou, A. A., & Greene, C. M. (2024) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8 · Cited by 28
Working memory capacity and strategy use on the RAPM
Jarosz, A. F., Raden, M. J., & Wiley, J. (2019) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2019.101387 · Cited by 27
Working memory capacity and processing efficiency predict fluid but not crystallized and spatial intelligence: Evidence supporting the neural noise hypothesis
Martínez, K., & Colom, R. (2008) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.012 · Cited by 27
The role of working memory in achievement goal pursuit
Avery, R. E., Smillie, L. D., & de Fockert, J. W. (2013) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.07.012 · Cited by 28
Multivariate Associations of Fluid Intelligence and NAA
Nikolaidis, A., Baniqued, P. L., Kranz, M. B., Scavuzzo, C. J., Barbey, A. K., Kramer, A. F., & Larsen, R. J. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw070 · Cited by 28
A chronometric model of the relationship between frontal midline theta functional connectivity and human intelligence.
Schubert, A., Hagemann, D., Löffler, C., Rummel, J., & Arnau, S. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000865 · Cited by 27
Fluid reasoning is equivalent to relation processing
Jastrzębski, J., Ociepka, M., & Chuderski, A. (2020) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2020.101489 · Cited by 26
The role of working memory in rapid instructed task learning and intention-based reflexivity: An individual differences examination
Meiran, N., Pereg, M., Givon, E., danieli, G., & Shahar, N. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.06.037 · Cited by 26
The effects of working memory training on improving fluid intelligence of children during early childhood
Peng, J., Mo, L., Huang, P., & Zhou, Y. (2017) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2017.05.006 · Cited by 29
Proactive interference and practice effects in visuospatial working memory span task performance
Blalock, L. D., & McCabe, D. P. (2011) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2010.537035 · Cited by 25
The Effectiveness of Brain Gym and Brain Training Intervention on Working Memory Performance of Student with Learning Disability
Abduh, B., & Tahar, M. M. (2018) · Journal of ICSAR · doi:10.17977/um005v2i22018p105 · Cited by 32
Selectively Enhanced Development of Working Memory in Musically Trained Children and Adolescents
Saarikivi, K. A., Huotilainen, M., Tervaniemi, M., & Putkinen, V. (2019) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2019.00062 · Cited by 28
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Relations between Working Memory Performance and Worry
Bredemeier, K., & Berenbaum, H. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.032212 · Cited by 27
Individual differences in fluid intelligence predicts inattentional blindness in a sample of older adults: a preliminary study
O’Shea, D. M., & Fieo, R. A. (2014) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-014-0594-0 · Cited by 25
Process-oriented intelligence research: A review from the cognitive perspective
Frischkorn, G. T., Wilhelm, O., & Oberauer, K. (2022) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2022.101681 · Cited by 25
The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations
Schulte, M., Trujillo, N., Rodríguez‐Villagra, O. A., Salas, N., Ibáñez, A. M., Carriedo, N., & Huepe, D. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-21985-9 · Cited by 27
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Correctional Health Care
Eme, R. (2009) · Journal of correctional health care · doi:10.1177/1078345808326617 · Cited by 31
High intelligence prevents the negative impact of anxiety on working memory
Chuderski, A. (2014) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.969683 · Cited by 23
Long-term pitch memory for music recordings is related to auditory working memory precision
Hedger, S. C. V., Heald, S. L. M., & Nusbaum, H. C. (2017) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2017.1307427 · Cited by 23
When working memory mechanisms compete: Predicting cognitive flexibility versus mental set
Stockum, C. A. V., & DeCaro, M. S. (2020) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104313 · Cited by 27
Working Memory Capacity and Learning Underlying Conceptual Relationships Across Multiple Documents
Banas, S., & Sanchez, C. A. (2012) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.2834 · Cited by 23
Cognition Beyond the Classical Information Processing Model: Cognitive Interactivity and the Systemic Thinking Model (SysTM)
Vallée-Tourangeau, G., & Vallée‐Tourangeau, F. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49115-8_7 · Cited by 25
Intelligence and executive functioning in adult age: Effects of sibship size and birth order
Holmgren, S., Molander, B., & Nilsson, L. (2006) · The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541440500216150 · Cited by 23
Driving Digital Transformation: Addressing the Barriers to Engagement in University-Industry Collaboration
Evans, N., & Miklošík, A. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3281791 · Cited by 22
An account of the relationship between fluid intelligence and complex learning in considering storage capacity and executive attention
Wang, T., Ren, X., Altmeyer, M., & SCHWEIZER, K. W. (2013) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2013.07.008 · Cited by 22
Relations between running memory and fluid intelligence
Salthouse, T. A. (2014) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2013.12.002 · Cited by 22
Sex differences in aggression
Campbell, A. C. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568308.013.0025 · Cited by 23
Cusp catastrophe models for cognitive workload and fatigue in teams
Guastello, S. J., Correro, A. N., & Marra, D. E. (2018) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2018.08.019 · Cited by 22
Problem-Solving and Intelligence
Hambrick, D. Z., Burgoyne, A. P., & Altmann, E. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108770422.024 · Cited by 24
Self-citation
From Exploratory Talk to Abstract Reasoning: a Case for Far Transfer?
Webb, P., Whitlow, J. W., & Venter, D. J. L. (2016) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-016-9369-z · Cited by 24
Beginning of the Pandemic: COVID-19-Elicited Anxiety as a Predictor of Working Memory Performance
Fellman, D., Ritakallio, L., Waris, O., Jylkkä, J., & Laine, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576466 · Cited by 21
“…et al., 2020), and evidence from other natural disasters indicate that anxiety is interlinked with other mental health problems, such as posttraumatic stress disorders (Kar and Bastia, 2006) and depression (Angola and Costello, 1993), thereby contributing negatively to the public health crisis.”
Background
On Cognition, Need, and Action: How Working Memory and Need for Cognition Influence Leisure Activities
Therriault, D. J., Redifer, J. L., Lee, C. S., & Wang, Y. (2014) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.3078 · Cited by 21
Using a multi-strategy eye-tracking psychometric model to measure intelligence and identify cognitive strategy in Raven's advanced progressive matrices
Liu, Y., Zhan, P., Fu, Y., Chen, Q., Man, K., & Luo, Y. (2023) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2023.101782 · Cited by 21
An exploratory factor analysis of the cognitive functioning of first-year bachelor students with dyslexia
Callens, M., Tops, W., Stevens, M., & Brysbaert, M. (2014) · Annals of Dyslexia · doi:10.1007/s11881-013-0088-6 · Cited by 21
General intelligence predicts memory change across sleep
Fenn, K. M., & Hambrick, D. Z. (2014) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0731-1 · Cited by 23
Self-citation
Inhibition Tasks are not Associated with a Variety of Behaviours in College Students
Gunten, C. D. V., Bartholow, B. D., & Martins, J. S. (2020) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2250 · Cited by 22
Working memory and fluid intelligence: A multi-mechanism view
Conway, A. R. A., Macnamara, B. N., Getz, S. J., & de Abreu, P. E. (2011) · Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) · Cited by 21
Self-citation
PLAT 20(1) 2021: Enhancing Student Learning in Research and Educational Practice: The Power of Retrieval Practice and Feedback
Kubik, V., Gaschler, R., & Hausman, H. (2021) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.1177/1475725720976462 · Cited by 24
Relationship between Thinking Dispositions, Working Memory, and Critical Thinking Ability in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis
Li, S., Wang, Z., & Sun, Y. (2024) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence12060052 · Cited by 20
Exploring the impact of acute physical activity on creative thinking: a comprehensive narrative review with a focus on activity type and intensity
Chen, C. (2024) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-024-00114-9 · Cited by 23
Voluntary aerobic exercise increases the cognitive enhancing effects of working memory training
Smith, A., Spiegler, K. M., Sauce, B., Wass, C., Sturzoiu, T., & Matzel, L. D. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.012 · Cited by 21
Learning and retrieval processes predict fluid intelligence over and above working memory
Wang, T., Ren, X., & SCHWEIZER, K. W. (2017) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2016.12.005 · Cited by 20
How neuroscience can inform the study of individual differences in cognitive abilities
McFarland, D. J. (2017) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2016-0073 · Cited by 23
What Influences Successful Communication? An Examination of Cognitive Load and Individual Differences
Navarro, E., Macnamara, B. N., Glucksberg, S., & Conway, A. R. A. (2020) · Discourse Processes · doi:10.1080/0163853x.2020.1829936 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Working Memory and Intelligence: Different Constructs. Reply to Oberauer et al. (2005) and Kane et al. (2005).
Beier, M. E., & Ackerman, P. L. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.72 · Cited by 20
The development of relational integration during childhood.
Dauvier, B., Bailleux, C., & Perret, P. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036655 · Cited by 19
Revisiting the construct of “relational integration” and its role in accounting for general intelligence: The importance of knowledge integration
Hannon, B. A. M., & Daneman, M. (2014) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2014.09.010 · Cited by 19
Creation of visual long-term memory
Nikolić, D., & Singer, W. (2007) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03193927 · Cited by 19
Fluid reasoning skills at the high school transition predict subsequent dropout
Pagani, L. S., Brière, F. N., & Janosz, M. (2017) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2017.02.006 · Cited by 23
Similar prefrontal cortical activities between general fluid intelligence and visuospatial working memory tasks in preschool children as revealed by optical topography
Kuwajima, M., & Sawaguchi, T. (2010) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2415-z · Cited by 21
Effects of Cogmed working memory training on cognitive performance
Etherton, J. L., Oberle, C. D., Rhoton, J., & Ney, A. (2018) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-018-1012-9 · Cited by 22
Age-Related Changes in Verbal Working Memory Strategies
Chevalère, J., Lemaire, P., & Camos, V. (2020) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2020.1716152 · Cited by 18
Strategy use moderates the relation between working memory capacity and fluid intelligence: A combined approach
Li, C., Ren, X., SCHWEIZER, K. W., & Wang, T. (2022) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2022.101627 · Cited by 18
Implications of modern intelligence research for assessing intelligence in the workplace
Agnello, P., Ryan, R., & Yusko, K. P. (2014) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2014.09.007 · Cited by 19
COMMENTARY ON THE CHANGING NATURE OF EXECUTIVE CONTROL IN PRESCHOOL
Willoughby, M. T. (2016) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/mono.12276 · Cited by 18
Working memory, intelligence, and life success
Mashburn, C. A., Burgoyne, A. P., & Engle, R. W. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192849069.003.0007 · Cited by 19
What can we learn about immediate memory from the development of children's free recall?
Jarrold, C., Hall, D., Harvey, C. E., Tam, H., Towse, J. N., & Zarandi, A. L. (2014) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2014.995110 · Cited by 17
Individual differences in absolute pitch performance: Contributions of working memory, musical expertise, and tonal language background
Hedger, S. C. V., & Nusbaum, H. C. (2018) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.10.007 · Cited by 17
Intelligence and working memory: evidence from administering the WAIS-IV to Italian adults and elderly
Borella, E., Pezzuti, L., Béni, R. D., & Cornoldi, C. (2019) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-019-01173-7 · Cited by 17
The domain specificity of working memory is a matter of ability
Kovacs, K., Molenaar, D., & Conway, A. R. A. (2019) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2019.104048 · Cited by 17
Self-citation

Authors: Kane, M. J., Hambrick, D. Z., & Conway, A. R. A.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
Michigan State University (US)
University of Illinois Chicago (US)
ORCID: Kane, Michael J.
Hambrick, David Z.
Conway, Andrew R. A.
Venue: Psychological Bulletin
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2005-01
Volume: 131
Issue: 1
Pages: 66-71
ISSN: 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
1939-1455
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.66
OpenAlex: W2021304061
Cited by: 545
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 24.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords: working memory capacity, fluid intelligence, general intelligence, reasoning skills, latent variable analysis, construct validity, discriminant validity, executive attention, attentional control
MeSH terms: Humans, Intelligence, Memory

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Working Memory Capacity and Fluid Intelligence Are Strongly Related Constructs: Comment on Ackerman, Beier, and Boyle (2005).

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks