Personality traits change in adulthood: Reply to Costa and McCrae (2006).
Abstract
In a response to comments by P. T. Costa, Jr., and R. R. McCrae on the current authors' original article, the authors show that Costa and McCrae's writings on personality suggest a belief in immutability of personality traits. The authors agree with Costa and McCrae that new personality trait models that provide an accurate lower order structure of personality traits are needed and explain why the Revised NEO Personality Inventory is not the correct model for that purpose. The authors provide direct evidence refuting the hypothesis that personality traits change only because of biologically based intrinsic maturation. The authors present arguments supporting the contention that meta-analyses should be preferred to single longitudinal studies when drawing inferences about general patterns of personality development. Finally, the authors point out why the differences between their position and Costa and McCrae's are important.
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- Authors
- Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-32
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2058196641
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 6.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
- National Institute on Aging (R01 AG21178, R01AG021178)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Keywords
- personality trait change, personality development, NEO-PI-R, Big Five personality model
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Personality Development
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