Motives for volunteering are associated with mortality risk in older adults.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of motives for volunteering on respondents' mortality risk 4 years later. METHODS: Logistic regression analysis was used to examine whether motives for volunteering predicted later mortality risk, above and beyond volunteering itself, in older adults from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Covariates included age, gender, socioeconomic variables, physical, mental, and cognitive health, health risk behaviors, personality traits, received social support, and actual volunteering behavior. RESULTS: Replicating prior work, respondents who volunteered were at lower risk for mortality 4 years later, especially those who volunteered more regularly and frequently. However, volunteering behavior was not always beneficially related to mortality risk: Those who volunteered for self-oriented reasons had a mortality risk similar to nonvolunteers. Those who volunteered for other-oriented reasons had a decreased mortality risk, even in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS: This study adds to the existing literature on the powerful effects of social interactions on health and is the first study to our knowledge to examine the effect of motives on volunteers' subsequent mortality. Volunteers live longer than nonvolunteers, but this is only true if they volunteer for other-oriented reasons.
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Three studies reported no association between volunteering and mortality.
“Three studies reported no association with volunteering [9,44,49].”
From Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Meta-analysis of five cohort studies found volunteers to be at lower risk of mortality (risk ratio 0.78; 95% CI 0.66, 0.90).
“Meta-analysis of five cohort studies found volunteers to be at lower risk of mortality (risk ratio: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.90).”
From Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Meta-analysis of five studies identified a 22% reduction (CI: 10% to 34%) in mortality among volunteers compared to non-volunteers.
“Meta-analysis of five studies [9,26,38,49,50] identified a 22% reduction (CI: 10% to 34%) in mortality among volunteers compared to non-volunteers.”
From Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Volunteering interventions are unlikely to yield benefits if such activities hold no intrinsic meaning or value to the potential recipients.
“Documenting the degree to which motivating and sustaining factors, such as altruism [9] and reciprocity [56,63] are core components of this complex intervention is critical, as volunteering interventions are unlikely to yield benefits if such activities hold no intrinsic meaning or value to the potential recipients.”
From Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Konrath, S., Fuhrel-Forbis, A., Lou, A., & Brown, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Health Psychology
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 87-96
- ISSN
- 0278-6133 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-7810
- OpenAlex
- W2116685871
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 50.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- volunteering, mortality risk, older adults, longevity, Wisconsin Longitudinal Study
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mortality, Motivation, Risk, Social Support, Volunteers, Wisconsin, Health Behavior
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