Interference between conversation and a concurrent visuomotor task.
Open accessAbstract
We report 2 experiments during which participants conversed with either a confederate (Experiment 1) or a close friend (Experiment 2) while tracking a moving target on a computer screen. In both experiments, talking led to worse performance on the tracking task than listening. We attribute this finding to the increased cognitive demands of speech planning and monitoring. Growth curve analyses of task performance during the beginning and end of conversation segments revealed dynamical changes in the impact of conversation on visuomotor task performance, with increasing impact during the beginning of speaking segments and decreasing impact during the beginning of listening segments. At the end of speaking and listening segments, this pattern reversed. These changes became more pronounced with increased difficulty of the task. Together, these results show that the planning and monitoring aspects of conversation require the majority of the attentional resources that are also used for nonlinguistic visuomotor tasks. The fact that similar results were obtained when conversing with both a confederate and a friend indicates that our findings apply to a wide range of conversational situations. This is the first study to show the fine-grained time course of the shifting attentional demands of conversation on a concurrently performed visuomotor task.
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Under dual-task conditions, performance in the linguistic and/or motor task is typically worse than when each task is performed alone.
“Under such dual-task conditions performance in the linguistic or/and motor task is typically worse than when each task is performed by itself.”
From Timing in Conversation (2023) · cites this paper as Boiteau et al., 2014
The Introduction says that listening and talking can worsen performance on a concurrent visuomotor task, and the General Discussion reports worse tracking performance as conversational demands increase. But the claim generalizes beyond conversation and visuomotor tracking, and the paper does not establish that performance on either task is typically worse than when each is performed alone. Experiment 2 found no overall effect of conversation on tracking performance. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBoth listening and speaking require some attention.
“numerous studies have shown that both listening and speaking require some attention.”
From Timing in Conversation (2023) · cites this paper as Boiteau et al., 2014
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Benefits of Testing and Production for Learning Turkish As a New Language
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Investigating Students’ Motivation on the Use of Rosetta Stone in Learning English Pronunciation
Yuliani, S., Khulaifiyah, K., & Idayani, A. (2023) · AL-ISHLAH Jurnal Pendidikan · doi:10.35445/alishlah.v15i2.3160 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Nelson, C. M., Wilson, S. C., McFadden, J., Almor, A., & Hudac, C. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Developmental Psychology · doi:10.3389/fdpys.2025.1644956 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of Picture Naming and Categorization on Concurrent Comprehension: Evidence From the N400
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Phonological input processing is reduced during speech planning in turn taking
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- Authors
- Boiteau, T. W., Malone, P. S., Peters, S. A., & Almor, A.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Newberry College (US)
- ORCID
- Malone, Patrick S.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 143
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 295-311
- ISSN
- 0096-3445 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2222
- PMC
- PMC3720820
- OpenAlex
- W2133479105
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology General (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R21AG030445)
- National Science Foundation (BCS0822617)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- conversation, speech preparation, speech monitoring, dual-task interference, moving target tracking, task difficulty, time course of attention
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Communication, Female, Humans, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Speech, Visual Perception, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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