Distracted and confused? Selective attention under load

Lavie, Nilli

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.004

Cited by 2,102Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesVisual Attention and Saliency DetectionVisual perception and processing mechanisms

Distracted and confused? Selective attention under load

Lavie, Nilli·2005·Trends in Cognitive Sciences

DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.004

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Abstract

The ability to remain focused on goal-relevant stimuli in the presence of potentially interfering distractors is crucial for any coherent cognitive function. However, simply instructing people to ignore goal-irrelevant stimuli is not sufficient for preventing their processing. Recent research reveals that distractor processing depends critically on the level and type of load involved in the processing of goal-relevant information. Whereas high perceptual load can eliminate distractor processing, high load on "frontal" cognitive control processes increases distractor processing. These findings provide a resolution to the long-standing early and late selection debate within a load theory of attention that accommodates behavioural and neuroimaging data within a framework that integrates attention research with executive function.

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Load theory proposes that attention selection operates at each level of processing and depends on task demands at each level.
“One recent influential view is load theory (Lavie, 2005(Lavie, , 2010)), which proposes that attention selection operates at each level of processing (which is capacity-limited) and depends on task demands at each level.”
From Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification (2016) · cites this paper as Lavie, 2005

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“The accommodation of the effects of different types of load on distractor processing within the same load model [5, 32 ] rules out alternative accounts for either type of load effect in terms of general task difficulty alone, and provides a better understanding of how distractor processing is affected by capacity limi…”
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“…WMC interaction, F(1, 72) = 9.3, p < .01, ηp 2 = .11, and with theory that high load induces low TUT regardless of an individual’s WM resources by exhausting limited perceptual capacity in task-relevant processing (Forster & Lavie, 2007, 2009; Lavie, 2005; Lavie, Hirst, de Fockert, & Viding, 2004).”
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Authors: Lavie, N.
Venue: Trends in Cognitive Sciences
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-02
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Pages: 75-82
ISSN: 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.004
OpenAlex: W2133780491
Semantic Scholar: 85560ad24a016785122006564767acbdc728c40c
Cited by: 2,102
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 131 · 2025: 110 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 165 · 2018: 106 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 104 · 2015: 122 · 2014: 101 · 2013: 112 · 2012: 111
FWCI: 5.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords: selective attention, distractor processing, perceptual load, cognitive control, executive function, interference
MeSH terms: Attention, Field Dependence-Independence, Frontal Lobe, Goals, Humans, Mental Processes, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Perceptual Masking

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Distracted and confused? Selective attention under load

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