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Cited by 259Psychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMultiple Sclerosis Research Studies

Comparing CESD-10, PHQ-9, and PROMIS depression instruments in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

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Amtmann, Dagmar, Kim, Jiseon, Chung, Hyewon, Bamer, Alyssa M., Askew, Robert L., Wu, Salene, Cook, Karon F., Johnson, Kurt L.·2014·Rehabilitation Psychology
DOI 10.1037/a0035919PMC PMC4059037
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Abstract

PURPOSE: This study evaluated psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10), and the 8-item PROMIS Depression Short Form (PROMIS-D-8; 8b short form) in a sample of individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS). RESEARCH METHOD: Data were collected by a self-reported mailed survey of a community sample of people living with MS (n = 455). Factor structure, interitem reliability, convergent/discriminant validity and assignment to categories of depression severity were examined. RESULTS: A 1-factor, confirmatory factor analytic model had adequate fit for all instruments. Scores on the depression scales were more highly correlated with one another than with scores on measures of pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. The CESD-10 categorized about 37% of participants as having significant depressive symptoms. At least moderate depression was indicated for 24% of participants by PHQ-9. PROMIS-D-8 identified 19% of participants as having at least moderate depressive symptoms and about 7% having at least moderately severe depression. None of the examined scales had ceiling effects, but the PROMIS-D-8 had a floor effect. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, scores on all 3 scales demonstrated essential unidimensionality and had acceptable interitem reliability and convergent/discriminant validity. Researchers and clinicians can choose any of these scales to measure depressive symptoms in individuals living with MS. The PHQ-9 offers validated cutoff scores for diagnosing clinical depression. The PROMIS-D-8 measure minimizes the impact of somatic features on the assessment of depression and allows for flexible administration, including Computerize Adaptive Testing (CAT). The CESD-10 measures 2 aspects of depression, depressed mood and lack of positive affect, while still providing an interpretable total score.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Amtmann, D., Kim, J., Chung, H., Bamer, A. M., Askew, R. L., Wu, S., Cook, K. F., & Johnson, K. L.
Affiliations
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Chungnam National University (KR)
  • Northwestern University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Rehabilitation Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2014-05
Volume
59
Issue
2
Pages
220-229
ISSN
  • 0090-5550 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1544
DOI
10.1037/a0035919
PMC
PMC4059037
OpenAlex
W2039921321
Cited by
259
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3
FWCI
25.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Rehabilitation Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Department of Education
  • National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (H133B080025; H133P120002)
  • National Institutes of Health (U01AR052171)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Keywords
multiple sclerosis, depression, depressive symptoms, CESD-10, PHQ-9, psychometric properties, factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, depression severity, floor effect, computerized adaptive testing, patient-reported outcomes
MeSH terms
Depressive Disorder, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results

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