Somatic generation of antibody diversity

Tonegawa, Susumu

doi:10.1038/302575a0

Cited by 4,005T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyMonoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies ResearchDNA Repair Mechanisms

Somatic generation of antibody diversity

Tonegawa, Susumu·1983·Nature

DOI 10.1038/302575a0

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Abstract

In the genome of a germ-line cell, the genetic information for an immunoglobulin polypeptide chain is contained in multiple gene segments scattered along a chromosome. During the development of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes, these gene segments are assembled by recombination which leads to the formation of a complete gene. In addition, mutations are somatically introduced at a high rate into the amino-terminal region. Both somatic recombination and mutation contribute greatly to an increase in the diversity of antibody synthesized by a single organism.

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The structure of Transib TIRs corresponds closely to the structure of RSSs, which are composed of conserved heptamers 5′-CACAGTG separated by variable 22-bp spacers from ACAAAAACC-like nonamers.
“This corresponds closely to the structure of RSSs, which are composed of the conserved heptamers 5′- CACAGTG separated by a variable 22-bp spacers from ACAAAAACC-like nonamers [1,5–7].”
From RAG1 Core and V(D)J Recombination Signal Sequences Were Derived from Transib Transposons (2005) · cites this paper as [1]
The 12/23 rule can be derived directly from the sequence structure of known Transib transposons.
“Therefore, even the 12/23 rule [1] can be derived directly from the sequence structure of known Transib transposons.”
From RAG1 Core and V(D)J Recombination Signal Sequences Were Derived from Transib Transposons (2005) · cites this paper as [1]
Each of the estimated 5 × 109 B-cells in an organism produces a distinct B-cell receptor or antibody through somatic recombination of variable, diversity, joining and constant gene segments.
“Each of the estimated 5 × 109 B-cells in an organism [23] produces a distinct B-cell receptor (membrane-bound) or antibody (in soluble form) through somatic recombination of variable (V), diversity (D), joining (J) and constant (C) gene segments [28, 29].”
From Computational approaches to therapeutic antibody design: established methods and emerging trends (2020) · cites this paper as [28]

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Authors: Tonegawa, S.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Tonegawa, Susumu
ORCID: Tonegawa, Susumu
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1983-04
Volume: 302
Issue: 5909
Pages: 575-581
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/302575a0
OpenAlex: W1974596630
Cited by: 4,005
References: 109
Citations by year: 2026: 64 · 2025: 82 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 88
FWCI: 20.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
Keywords: V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation, antibody diversity, immunoglobulin genes, gene segments, lymphocyte development, bone marrow
MeSH terms: Animals, Antibodies, Base Composition, Base Sequence, DNA Transposable Elements, Genes, Humans, Immunoglobulins, Mutation

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Somatic generation of antibody diversity

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