The DOI matches its Crossref record; 119 of the 119 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The brainweb: Phase synchronization and large-scale integration
Abstract
The emergence of a unified cognitive moment relies on the coordination of scattered mosaics of functionally specialized brain regions. Here we review the mechanisms of large-scale integration that counterbalance the distributed anatomical and functional organization of brain activity to enable the emergence of coherent behaviour and cognition. Although the mechanisms involved in large-scale integration are still largely unknown, we argue that the most plausible candidate is the formation of dynamic links mediated by synchrony over multiple frequency bands.
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In the citing paper
“Neural synchrony thus appears to play a key role in coordinating brain functions.”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Varela et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“These experiments provide a sensitive method for non-invasively identifying time-sensitive shifts in inter-areal synchrony, which has been proposed as a key mechanism for effective communication between distant neural regions (Fries, 2015; Varela et al., 2001).”
From The Dynamics of Functional Brain Networks: Integrated Network States during Cognitive Task Performance (2016) · cites this paper as Varela et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Evidence obtained over the last two decades suggests that the precise synchronization of neural responses serves the dynamic coordination of distributed neural responses in both local and extended networks and is related to a wide range of cognitive and executive processes (Buzsáki and Draguhn, 2004”
From Neuronal Dynamics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Toward a Translational Paradigm for Dysfunctional Large-Scale Networks (2012) · cites this paper as Varela et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Evidence obtained over the last two decades suggests that the precise synchronization of neural responses serves the dynamic coordination of distributed neural responses in both local and extended networks and is related to a wide range of cognitive and executive processes (Buzsáki and Draguhn, 2004”
From Neuronal Dynamics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Toward a Translational Paradigm for Dysfunctional Large-Scale Networks (2012) · cites this paper as Varela et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“The Conscious Electromagnetic Information (CEMI) Field Theory, proposed by Johnjoe McFadden [23], serves as the foundation for examining the experimentally observed correlations between synchronized neuronal firing and conscious awareness [75].”
From Quantum Models of Consciousness from a Quantum Information Science Perspective (2025) · cites this paper as [75]
Citations
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Items 201–211 of 211
Luo, Q., Cheng, X., Holroyd, T., Xu, D., Carver, F., & Blair, R. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00940 · Cited by 31
Yordanova, J., Kolev, V., Wagner, U., & Verleger, R. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009442 · Cited by 31
Lu, H.-C., Pollack, H., Lefante, J. J., Mills, A. A., & Tian, D. (2019) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsy253 · Cited by 22
Species of realization and the free energy principle
Kirchhoff, M. D. (2015) · Australasian Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1080/00048402.2014.992446 · Cited by 19
Liu, H., Huang, Z., Deng, B., Chang, Z., Yang, X., Guo, X., Yuan, F., Yang, Q., Wang, L., Zou, H., et al. (2023) · Aging and disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2022.0514 · Cited by 20
Quantum Models of Consciousness from a Quantum Information Science Perspective
Gassab, L., Pusuluk, O., Cattaneo, M., & Müstecaplıoğlu, Ö. E. (2025) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e27030243 · Cited by 14
The Cooperative Neuron: Cellular Foundations of Mental Life
Phillips, W. A. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198876984.001.0001 · Cited by 13
An embarrassment of richnesses: the PFC isn’t the content NCC
Kozuch, B. (2024) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niae017 · Cited by 9
EEG complexity as a biomarker for autism spectrum disorder risk
Bosl, W., Tierney, A., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Nelson, C. (2011) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-9-18 · Cited by 485
Lacalli, T. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1648930 · Cited by 1
Lacalli, T. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1829430
“…intuition, that consciousness operates globally, but also the consensus view, that it is an integrative construct that arises from the activity of highly interconnected cortical networks responsive to conscious signals (Varela et al., 2001; Sauseng and Klimesch, 2008; Petersen and Sporns, 2015).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Varela, F., Lachaux, J.-P., Rodriguez, E., & Martinerie, J.
- Affiliations
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (FR)
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 229-239
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- OpenAlex
- W1603307924
- Cited by
- 4,761
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 125 · 2025: 163 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 176 · 2022: 217 · 2021: 210 · 2020: 205 · 2019: 292 · 2018: 197 · 2017: 243 · 2016: 233 · 2015: 257 · 2014: 267 · 2013: 285 · 2012: 242
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
- Keywords
- phase synchronization, neuronal synchronization, functional specialization, multi-frequency oscillations
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention, Brain, Cognition, Electrophysiology, Learning, Nerve Net
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