Perception's shadow: long-distance synchronization of human brain activity

Rodriguez, Eugenio; George, Nathalie; Lachaux, Jean-Philippe; Martinerie, Jacques; Renault, Bernard; Varela, Francisco J.

doi:10.1038/17120

Cited by 1,915Neural dynamics and brain functionVisual perception and processing mechanismsFace Recognition and Perception

Perception's shadow: long-distance synchronization of human brain activity

Rodriguez, Eugenio, George, Nathalie, Lachaux, Jean-Philippe, Martinerie, Jacques, Renault, Bernard, Varela, Francisco J.·1999·Nature

DOI 10.1038/17120

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Abstract

Transient periods of synchronization of oscillating neuronal discharges in the frequency range 30-80 Hz (gamma oscillations) have been proposed to act as an integrative mechanism that may bring a widely distributed set of neurons together into a coherent ensemble that underlies a cognitive act. Results of several experiments in animals provide support for this idea. In humans, gamma oscillations have been described both on the scalp (measured by electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography) and in intracortical recordings, but no direct participation of synchrony in a cognitive task has been demonstrated so far. Here we record electrical brain activity from subjects who are viewing ambiguous visual stimuli (perceived either as faces or as meaningless shapes). We show for the first time, to our knowledge, that only face perception induces a long-distance pattern of synchronization, corresponding to the moment of perception itself and to the ensuing motor response. A period of strong desynchronization marks the transition between the moment of perception and the motor response. We suggest that this desynchronization reflects a process of active uncoupling of the underlying neural ensembles that is necessary to proceed from one cognitive state to another.

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Authors: Rodriguez, E., George, N., Lachaux, J.-P., Martinerie, J., Renault, B., & Varela, F. J.
Affiliations: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Corresponding author: Varela, Francisco J.
ORCID: George, Nathalie
Lachaux, Jean-Philippe
Martinerie, Jacques
Varela, Francisco J.
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1999-02
Volume: 397
Issue: 6718
Pages: 430-433
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/17120
OpenAlex: W1500295349
Cited by: 1,915
References: 2
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 89 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 84
FWCI: 35.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Keywords: gamma oscillations, face perception, ambiguous visual stimuli, desynchronization, neuronal ensembles, cognitive transitions, motor response, neural oscillations
MeSH terms: Adult, Cognition, Cortical Synchronization, Electroencephalography, Face, Female, Humans, Male, Reaction Time, Visual Perception

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