Cited by 104Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone Tissue Engineering MaterialsBone health and osteoporosis research

Dopaminergic effects on in vitro osteogenesis

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Lee, Dong Joon, Tseng, Henry C, Wong, Sing Wai, Wang, Zhengyan, Deng, Meng, Ko, Ching-Chang·2015·Bone Research

Abstract

Multiple growth factors (e.g., BMP2, TGF-β1, FGF2) and isolated genes have been shown to improve osteoblastic proliferation and mineralization, advancing bone tissue engineering. Among these factors, both polydopamine (PDA) and dopamine (DA) monomer have recently been reported to increase osteoblast proliferation and mineralization in vitro. Although a well-characterized neurotransmitter, DA’s role in the bone is unknown. We hypothesize that DA can directly act on osteoblasts, and examined whether osteoblasts express DA receptors that respond to exogenous DA. mRNAs and protein cell lysates were obtained from MC3T3-E1 cells during osteogenic differentiation phase. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to examine the expression of DA receptors, D1–D5. Dose-response effect and time course of DA treatment on cell proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation were investigated at pre-determined days. Real-time PCR was performed to investigate whether DA affects osteogenic gene expression (ALP, BSP, OC, OSX, RUNX2, and Collagen1a2) with or without receptor antagonists (SCH233390 and GR103691). Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. All five DA receptors (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5) mRNAs and proteins were expressed in MC3T3-E1 cells. DA treatment increased cell proliferation for up to 7 days (P < 0.05). Osteogenic mineralization was significantly greater in the DA-treated group than control group (P < 0.05). Finally, expression of all the osteogenic genes was inhibited by DA receptor antagonists for D1, D3, and D5. Our findings suggest that MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts express functional DA receptors that enhance proliferation and mineralization. PDA is not biologically inert and has important implications in orthopedic applications. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation might be regulated by the nervous system, presumably during bone development, remodeling, or repair. Brain chemicals called neurotransmitters may play an important role in bone formation, new research from the US suggests. The role of the neurotransmitter dopamine in bone is largely unknown but recent research has suggested that bone cells may respond to neurotransmitters. Dr Ching-Chang Ko from the University of North Carolina and colleagues discovered adding dopamine to bone cells from mice stimulated cell division for up to seven days. Mineralization of the cells, an indication of bone formation, was also greater in the cells treated with dopamine than in untreated cells. The researchers suggest that dopamine can enhance bone regeneration. Using dopamine, potentially in conjunction with bone scaffolds in tissue engineering, could lead to a novel way of growing bone for use in orthopedic applications.

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Authors
Lee, D. J., Tseng, H. C., Wong, S. W., Wang, Z., Deng, M., & Ko, C.-C.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Duke Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Ko, Ching-Chang
Venue
Bone Research
Published
2015-07-07
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
15020-15020
ISSN
  • 2095-4700 (ISSN-L)
  • 2095-6231
OpenAlex
W2316245666
Cited by
101
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 13
FWCI
2.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Bone Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
  • UNC Libraries
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Eye Institute (K08EY021520)
  • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (K08DE018695, R01DE022816)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Keywords
dopamine, dopamine receptors, osteogenic differentiation, osteoblasts, mineralization, cell proliferation, polydopamine, MC3T3-E1 cells, dopamine D1/D5 receptors, receptor antagonists, bone formation, bone remodeling, bone tissue engineering, Runx2, osteogenic gene expression, orthopedic applications

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