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Cited by 72Nuts composition and effectsFood composition and propertiesNutritional Studies and Diet

Acute effects of pistachio consumption on glucose and insulin, satiety hormones and endothelial function in the metabolic syndrome

Kendall, C W C, West, S G, Augustin, L S, Esfahani, A, Vidgen, E, Bashyam, B, Sauder, K A, Campbell, J +3 more·2014·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1038/ejcn.2013.275
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Abstract

Background/objective Nut consumption has been found to decrease risk of coronary heart disease and diabetes and to promote healthy body weights possibly related to their favorable macronutrient profile. We therefore assessed the effect of pistachios on postprandial glucose and insulin levels, gut hormones related to satiety and endothelial function. Subjects/methods In this randomized crossover study, 20 subjects with metabolic syndrome consumed five study meals over 5-10 weeks. The meals differed in fat type and quantity, but were matched according to available carbohydrates (CHOs). Three meals had 50 g available CHO: white bread (WB50g), white bread, butter and cheese (WB+B+Ch) and white bread and pistachios (WB+P). Two meals had 12 g available CHO: white bread (WB12g) and pistachios (P). Results Within each group of available CHO meals, postprandial glucose levels were the highest following the white bread-only meals, and glucose response was significantly attenuated when butter and cheese or pistachios were consumed (P<0.05). Postprandial insulin levels were highest after the WB+B+Ch meal (P<0.05), but did not differ between the white bread-only and pistachio meals. Both endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index) and arterial stiffness (augmentation index) significantly increased after the white bread-only meals compared with the WB+B+Ch meal (all P<0.05). Insulin secretagogue levels were higher when butter and cheese or pistachios were consumed than when white bread only was consumed (P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with white bread, pistachio consumption reduced postprandial glycemia, increased glucagon-like-peptide levels and may have insulin-sparing properties. These effects could be beneficial for individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

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Authors
Kendall, C. W. C., West, S. G., Augustin, L. S., Esfahani, A., Vidgen, E., Bashyam, B., Sauder, K. A., Campbell, J., Chiavaroli, L., Jenkins, A. L., & Jenkins, D. J.
Affiliations
  • St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
  • Pennsylvania State University (US)
  • New York Medical College (US)
  • Glycemic Index Laboratories (CA)
Corresponding author
Kendall, C W C
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-01-15
Volume
68
Issue
3
Pages
370-375
ISSN
  • 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5640
DOI
10.1038/ejcn.2013.275
OpenAlex
W2088768230
Cited by
72
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5
FWCI
6.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, postprandial blood glucose, insulin response, satiety hormones, glucagon-like peptide, endothelial function, arterial stiffness, reactive hyperemia index, white bread, dietary fat type, insulin-sparing effect
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Bread, Endothelium, Female, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Nuts, Satiation, Triticum, Cross-Over Studies, Postprandial Period, Metabolic Syndrome, Pistacia, Meals

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