Effects of Walnut Consumption on Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Ma, Yingying; Njike, Valentine Yanchou; Millet, John; Dutta, Suparna; Doughty, Kim; Treu, Judith A.; Katz, David L.

doi:10.2337/dc09-1156

Cited by 201Nuts composition and effectsNutritional Studies and DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Effects of Walnut Consumption on Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

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Ma, Yingying, Njike, Valentine Yanchou, Millet, John, Dutta, Suparna, Doughty, Kim, Treu, Judith A., Katz, David L.·2010·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/dc09-1156PMC PMC2809254

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function, cardiovascular biomarkers, and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a randomized, controlled, single-blind, crossover trial. Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes (mean age 58 years; 14 women and 10 men) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g (366 kcal) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks. Subjects underwent endothelial function testing (measured as flow-mediated dilatation [FMD]) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase. The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids, A1C, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and anthropometric measures. RESULTS: Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts (2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6%; P = 0.04). The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline (10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl, P = 0.04; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl, P < 0.01; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl, P < 0.01, respectively), although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts. There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures, plasma A1C, and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals, suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk.

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Walnuts have been shown to improve IR in another study.
“Walnuts have been shown to improve IR in another study [425].”
From Effects of diet, lifestyle, Chrononutrition and alternative dietary interventions on postprandial Glycemia and insulin resistance (2022) · cites this paper as [425]

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Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Diabetes Care 2010
Ma, Y., Ba, J. M., & Katz, D. L. (2013)
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Effects of Walnut Intervention on Endothelial Function among People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial
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Effects of Walnuts on Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults with Visceral Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial
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Original Research Effects of Walnuts on Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults with Visceral Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled,
Trial, C., & Njike, V. Y. (2016)
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Authors: Ma, Y., Njike, V. Y., Millet, J., Dutta, S., Doughty, K., Treu, J. A., & Katz, D. L.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Prevention Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Derby, Connecticut.
Corresponding author: Katz, David L.
ORCID: Ma, Yingying
Njike, Valentine Yanchou
Dutta, Suparna
Katz, David L.
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2009-10-30
Volume: 33
Issue: 2
Pages: 227-232
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1156
PMC: PMC2809254
OpenAlex: W2114493815
Cited by: 201
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 10.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (vor, 4320 d)
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: walnut consumption, type 2 diabetes, endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation, cardiovascular risk, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, serum lipids, insulin sensitivity, glycemic control
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Brachial Artery, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Endothelium, Vascular, Fasting, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperemia, Insulin, Functional Laterality, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Vasodilation, Single-Blind Method, Cross-Over Studies, Juglans

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Effects of Walnut Consumption on Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

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