Cited by 69T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyImmune responses and vaccinationsImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

How T follicular helper cells and the germinal centre response change with age

Linterman, Michelle A·2014·Immunology & Cell Biology

Abstract

Normal ageing is accompanied by a decline in the function of the immune system that causes an increased susceptibility to infections and an impaired response to vaccination in older individuals. This results in an increased disease burden in the aged population, even with good immunisation programmes in place. The decreased response to vaccination is partly due to the diminution of the germinal centre response with age, caused by impaired T‐cell help to B cells. Within the germinal centre, T‐cell help is provided by a specialised subset of CD4+ T cells; T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Tfh cells provide survival and selection signals to germinal centre B cells, allowing them to egress from the germinal centre and become long‐live plasma cells or memory B cells, and provide life‐long protection against subsequent infection. This review will discuss the cellular and molecular changes in both Tfh cells and germinal centre B cells that occur with advancing age, which result in a smaller germinal centre response and a less effective response to immunisation.

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Crossref · 10.1038/icb.2013.77

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  • After vaccination, T follicular helper cells are less frequent in older subjects and appear to malfunction.

    “after vaccination, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are less frequent in older subjects and appear to be malfunctioning”

    From Successful and Maladaptive T Cell Aging (2017) · cites this paper as Linterman, 2014

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Authors
Linterman, M. A.
Affiliations
Babraham Institute (GB)
Corresponding author
Linterman, Michelle A
Venue
Immunology & Cell Biology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-11-12
Volume
92
Issue
1
Pages
72-79
ISSN
  • 0004-945X (ISSN-L)
  • 0818-9641
  • 1440-1711
OpenAlex
W2079154587
Cited by
69
References
122
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4
FWCI
0.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Immunology and Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/B/000C0407, BBS/E/B/000C0409)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords
T follicular helper cells, immunosenescence, aging, CD4+ T cells, B cells, vaccine response, memory B cells, plasma cells, T cell help, infection susceptibility
MeSH terms
Aging, Animals, Cell Differentiation, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Humans, Germinal Center

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