Sex-dependent role of glucocorticoids and androgens in the pathophysiology of human obesity

Pasquali, R; Vicennati, V; Gambineri, A; Pagotto, U

doi:10.1038/ijo.2008.129

Cited by 74Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesRegulation of Appetite and ObesityHormonal and reproductive studies

Sex-dependent role of glucocorticoids and androgens in the pathophysiology of human obesity

Pasquali, R, Vicennati, V, Gambineri, A, Pagotto, U·2008·International Journal of Obesity

DOI 10.1038/ijo.2008.129

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Abstract

Obesity, particularly its abdominal phenotype, a harbinger of the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), is becoming one of the most significant public health problems worldwide. Among many other potential factors, derangement of multiple hormone systems have increasingly been considered for their potential importance in the pathophysiology of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, with particular reference to glucocorticoids and sex hormones. These systems have a fundamental and coordinating role in the physiology of intermediate metabolism and cardiovascular function, and in the response to acute and chronic stress challenge. Abdominal obesity is associated with a hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and impaired androgen balance, although these alterations differ according to sex. As there is also increasing evidence that there are many differences between the sexes in the susceptibility and development of obesity, T2D and CVDs, we support the hypothesis that alterations of the HPA axis and androgen balance may have an important function in this context. This is further supported by the fact that there are important differences between males and females in their ability to adapt to both internal and particularly to environmental (external) stressors. In addition, there is also evidence that, in both physiological and pathological conditions, a close cross talk exists between sex hormones and glucocorticoids at both neuroendocrine and peripheral level, again with different specificities according to sex.

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70% of women with T2D present with abdominal obesity, whereas the corresponding percentage for men with T2D is approximately 40%.
“More specifically, 70% of women with T2D present with abdominal obesity, whereas the corresponding percentage for men with T2D is approximately 40% [12].”
From Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: Opportunities for a Tailored Approach to Diabetes and Obesity Care (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Abdominal obesity is present in almost 70% of women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes as compared to approximately 40% of men.
“Yet, differences in adipose tissue distribution may well explain such a difference since abdominal obesity, a hallmark of the metabolically unhealthy obese phenotype, is present in almost 70% of women diagnosed with T2D as compared to approximately 40% of men [80].”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [80]

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Untitled work
Alberti (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199807)15:7

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Authors: Pasquali, R., Vicennati, V, Gambineri, A., & Pagotto, U.
Affiliations: IRCCS Azienda Ospedliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola (IT)
Corresponding author: Pasquali, R
ORCID: Vicennati, V
Gambineri, A
Pagotto, U
Venue: International Journal of Obesity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2008-10-07
Volume: 32
Issue: 12
Pages: 1764-1779
ISSN: 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
1476-5497
DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2008.129
OpenAlex: W2057576181
Cited by: 74
References: 151
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 0.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Keywords: obesity, sex differences, glucocorticoids, androgens, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, sex hormones, stress response, hormone crosstalk
MeSH terms: Androgens, Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Insulin Resistance, Male, Obesity, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Sex Factors, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Stress, Physiological, Metabolic Syndrome, Rats

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Sex-dependent role of glucocorticoids and androgens in the pathophysiology of human obesity

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