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Cited by 456Hormonal and reproductive studiesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsMenopause: Health Impacts and Treatments

Endogenous sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in aging men

Muller, Majon, Grobbee, Diederick E., den Tonkelaar, Isolde, Lamberts, Steven W. J., van der Schouw, Yvonne T.·2005·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jc.2004-1158
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sex hormone levels in men change during aging. These changes may be associated with insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: We studied the association between endogenous sex hormones and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in 400 independently living men between 40 and 80 yr of age in a cross-sectional study. Serum concentrations of lipids, glucose, insulin, total testosterone (TT), SHBG, estradiol (E2), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were measured. Bioavailable testosterone (BT) was calculated using TT and SHBG. Body height, weight, waist-hip circumference, blood pressure, and physical activity were assessed. Smoking and alcohol consumption was estimated from self-report. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program definition, and insulin sensitivity was calculated by use of the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. RESULTS: Multiple logistic regression analyses showed an inverse relationship according to 1 sd increase for circulating TT [odds ratio (OR) = 0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.32-0.59], BT (OR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46-0.83), SHBG (OR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33-0.64), and DHEA-S (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.56-1.02) with the metabolic syndrome. Each sd increase in E2 levels was not significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.92-1.45). Linear regression analyses showed that higher TT, BT, and SHBG levels were related to higher insulin sensitivity; beta-coefficients (95% CI) were 0.011 (0.008-0.015), 0.005 (0.001-0.009), and 0.013 (0.010-0.017), respectively, whereas no effects were found for DHEA-S and E2. Estimates were adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity score. Further adjustment for insulin levels and body composition measurements attenuated the estimates, and the associations were similar in the group free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Higher testosterone and SHBG levels in aging males are independently associated with a higher insulin sensitivity and a reduced risk of the metabolic syndrome, independent of insulin levels and body composition measurements, suggesting that these hormones may protect against the development of metabolic syndrome.

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  • In elderly men, lower testosterone levels are associated with reduced insulin sensitivity as indicated by higher glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test, reduced QUICKI score, and lower HOMA-IR values.

    “In elderly men, lower T levels are associated with reduced insulin sensitivity as indicated by higher glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test,71 reduced quantitative insulin sensitivity check index score,93, 94 and lower HOMA-IR values.95”

    From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [93]

  • Hypoandrogenism is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in men.

    “Some studies [32][33][34][35][36][37][38] have suggested that hypoandrogenism is associated with insulin resistance and T2DM in men.”

    From Shift work and diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies (2015) · cites this paper as [34]

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Authors
Muller, M., Grobbee, D. E., den Tonkelaar, I., Lamberts, S. W. J., & van der Schouw, Y. T.
Affiliations
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2005-05
Volume
90
Issue
5
Pages
2618-2623
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jc.2004-1158
OpenAlex
W2098311087
Cited by
456
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 34
FWCI
25.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Keywords
metabolic syndrome, older men, endogenous sex hormones, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin sensitivity, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, estradiol, QUICKI, lipid profile, glucose, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, body composition, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, blood pressure
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Logistic Models, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, Metabolic Syndrome

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