Low Sex-Hormone-Binding Globulin Concentration as Independent Risk Factor for Development of NIDDM: 12-Yr Follow-Up of Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden
Abstract
Serum sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) concentrations were evaluated as risk factors for the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), myocardial infarction, stroke, and premature death in a prospective study of 1462 randomly selected women, aged 38–60 yr, over 12 yr of observation. In multivariate analysis, taking only age into consideration as a confounding factor, low initial concentration of SHBG was significantly correlated to the incidence of NIDDM and stroke, and high initial concentration of CBG was correlated to the incidence of NIDDM. There were also significant correlations between SHBG and CBG concentrations on one hand and possible risk factors for the end points studied, such as serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, body mass, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, smoking habits, and systolic blood pressure, on the other. When these possible confounders, in addition to age, were taken into consideration in multivariate analyses, only the inverse significant correlation between SHBG and NIDDM remained. The increased incidence of diabetes was confined to the lowest quintile of SHBG values, where it was 5-fold higher than in the remaining group. This incidence was further increased to 8- and 11-fold in the lowest 10 and 5% of the values, respectively. We conclude that SHBG is a uniquely strong independent risk factor for the development of NIDDM in women.
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Low levels of endogenous SHBG have been linked with poor glucose tolerance.
“low levels of endogenous SHBG have been linked with poor glucose tolerance [62], [63]”
From Impact of Five Nights of Sleep Restriction on Glucose Metabolism, Leptin and Testosterone in Young Adult Men (2012) · cites this paper as [62]
Lower SHBG was an independent risk factor for the development of T2D, inferring a five- or ninefold higher risk for male and female subjects, respectively, as compared to the reference group.
“In a large longitudinal cohort study, lower SHBG was an independent risk factor for the development of T2D, inferring a five- or ninefold higher risk for male and female subjects, respectively, as compared to the reference group, hereby confirming findings from smaller studies [117–119].”
From Role of sex hormone-binding globulin in the free hormone hypothesis and the relevance of free testosterone in androgen physiology (2022) · cites this paper as [119]
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Hormone therapy protects from diabetes: the Kuopio osteoporosis risk factor and prevention study
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Sex hormones and stroke: Beyond estrogens
Sohrabji, F., Okoreeh, A. K., & Panta, A. (2018) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.10.010 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lindstedt, G., Lundberg, P.-A., Lapidus, L., Lundgren, H., Bengtsson, C., & Björntorp, P.
- Affiliations
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1991-01-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 123-128
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2166766026
- Cited by
- 252
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- sex hormone-binding globulin, corticosteroid-binding globulin, type 2 diabetes, diabetes risk factors, women, stroke, myocardial infarction, premature mortality, serum lipids, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, systolic blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Constitution, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Menopause, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Sweden, Transcortin, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index, Incidence
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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