Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms
Open accessAbstract
Neutral atomic Bose condensates and degenerate Fermi gases have been used to realize important many-body phenomena in their most simple and essential forms, without many of the complexities usually associated with material systems. However, the charge neutrality of these systems presents an apparent limitation-a wide range of intriguing phenomena arise from the Lorentz force for charged particles in a magnetic field, such as the fractional quantum Hall effect in two-dimensional electron systems. The limitation can be circumvented by exploiting the equivalence of the Lorentz force and the Coriolis force to create synthetic magnetic fields in rotating neutral systems. This was demonstrated by the appearance of quantized vortices in pioneering experiments on rotating quantum gases, a hallmark of superfluids or superconductors in a magnetic field. However, because of technical issues limiting the maximum rotation velocity, the metastable nature of the rotating state and the difficulty of applying stable rotating optical lattices, rotational approaches are not able to reach the large fields required for quantum Hall physics. Here we experimentally realize an optically synthesized magnetic field for ultracold neutral atoms, which is evident from the appearance of vortices in our Bose-Einstein condensate. Our approach uses a spatially dependent optical coupling between internal states of the atoms, yielding a Berry's phase sufficient to create large synthetic magnetic fields, and is not subject to the limitations of rotating systems. With a suitable lattice configuration, it should be possible to reach the quantum Hall regime, potentially enabling studies of topological quantum computation.
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The most advanced experiments with AQSs have been with ultracold atoms in optical lattices.
“The most advanced experiments with AQSs have been with ultracold atoms in optical lattices [3, 5-15, 19, 71].”
From Can one trust quantum simulators? (2012) · cites this paper as [5]
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Self-citationSpin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gases across a Feshbach Resonance
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A Quantum Many-Body Spin System in an Optical Lattice Clock
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Formulation of lattice gauge theories for quantum simulations
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Gap Solitons in a Spin-Orbit-Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensate
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Observation of Bose–Einstein condensation in a strong synthetic magnetic field
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Unconventional states of bosons with the synthetic spin–orbit coupling
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Bloch state tomography using Wilson lines
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Optical Flux Lattices for Ultracold Atomic Gases
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Chiral ladders and the edges of quantum Hall insulators
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Weyl Points in Three-Dimensional Optical Lattices: Synthetic Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum Space.
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Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates
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Quantum transport in ultracold atoms
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Optomechanical creation of magnetic fields for photons on a lattice
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Spin-Orbit Coupling and the Optical Spin Hall Effect in Photonic Graphene
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Creating artificial magnetic fields for cold atoms by photon-assisted tunneling
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BCS-BEC crossover induced by a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field
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Exact Parent Hamiltonian for the Quantum Hall States in a Lattice
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Anisotropic dynamics of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
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Vortices in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
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Self-citationWilson Fermions and Axion Electrodynamics in Optical Lattices
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Exotic Quantum Spin Models in Spin-Orbit-Coupled Mott Insulators
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Quantum turbulence in trapped atomic Bose–Einstein condensates
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Floquet topological states in shaking optical lattices
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Realization of a fractional quantum Hall state with ultracold atoms
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Probing the Berry curvature and Fermi arcs of a Weyl circuit
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Detecting Chiral Edge States in the Hofstadter Optical Lattice
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Quantum spin Hall insulators with interactions and lattice anisotropy
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Vortex structures of rotating spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
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Probing Non-Abelian Statistics of Majorana Fermions in Ultracold Atomic Superfluid
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Dirac equation for cold atoms in artificial curved spacetimes
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Vortex and Meissner phases of strongly interacting bosons on a two-leg ladder
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- Authors
- Lin, Y.-J., Compton, R. L., Jiménez-García, K., Porto, J. V., & Spielman, I. B.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spielman, I. B.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 462
- Issue
- 7273
- Pages
- 628-632
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2035577930
- Cited by
- 1,318
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 98 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 120 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 136 · 2012: 127
- FWCI
- 48.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics
- Keywords
- synthetic magnetic field, ultracold neutral atoms, Bose-Einstein condensate, Berry phase, optical lattices, quantum Hall effect, quantized vortices, topological quantum computation, degenerate Fermi gas, Lorentz force, Coriolis force, spin-orbit coupling, spin-1/2 atoms
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