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Cited by 1,212Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein CondensatesQuantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian PhysicsStrong Light-Matter Interactions

Light-induced gauge fields for ultracold atoms

Open access
Goldman, N, Juzeliūnas, G, Öhberg, P, Spielman, I B·2014·Reports on Progress in Physics
DOI 10.1088/0034-4885/77/12/126401
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Abstract

Gauge fields are central in our modern understanding of physics at all scales. At the highest energy scales known, the microscopic universe is governed by particles interacting with each other through the exchange of gauge bosons. At the largest length scales, our Universe is ruled by gravity, whose gauge structure suggests the existence of a particle-the graviton-that mediates the gravitational force. At the mesoscopic scale, solid-state systems are subjected to gauge fields of different nature: materials can be immersed in external electromagnetic fields, but they can also feature emerging gauge fields in their low-energy description. In this review, we focus on another kind of gauge field: those engineered in systems of ultracold neutral atoms. In these setups, atoms are suitably coupled to laser fields that generate effective gauge potentials in their description. Neutral atoms 'feeling' laser-induced gauge potentials can potentially mimic the behavior of an electron gas subjected to a magnetic field, but also, the interaction of elementary particles with non-Abelian gauge fields. Here, we review different realized and proposed techniques for creating gauge potentials-both Abelian and non-Abelian-in atomic systems and discuss their implication in the context of quantum simulation. While most of these setups concern the realization of background and classical gauge potentials, we conclude with more exotic proposals where these synthetic fields might be made dynamical, in view of simulating interacting gauge theories with cold atoms.

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Crossref · 10.1088/0034-4885/77/12/126401

Cites

494 of 494 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Interactions with optical, electric and magnetic fields can be used to modulate low-energy atomic interactions, and create synthetic gauge fields for neutral atoms.

    “These interactions can also be used to modulate low-energy atomic interactions, and create synthetic gauge fields for neutral atoms [51].”

    From Anyons, Zitterbewegung and dynamical phase transitions in topologically nontrivial systems (2022) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) says atom–light coupling creates synthetic gauge potentials for neutral atoms and that collisional properties can be controlled. Section 7.2 (page unavailable) discusses interactions modified by strong synthetic spin–orbit coupling. The copy does not establish the broader claim that optical, electric, and magnetic fields can each be used to modulate low-energy atomic interactions. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • A virtual non-Abelian Lorentz force associated with the non-Abelian fields emerges in the Newton-type equation of motion.

    “In terms of Eqs. (8–10), we arrive at the Newton-type equation of motion where a virtual non-Abelian Lorentz force10,45 associated with the non-Abelian fields emerges11”

    From Non-Abelian gauge field optics (2019) · cites this paper as [10]

  • Ultracold atomic gases have been experimentally realized in two dimensions, and a viable path for implementing IQHE states with ultracold atoms is to employ synthetic magnetic fields.

    “Ultracold atomic gases have been experimentally realized in two dimensions [174,175], and a viable path (although not a simple one) for implementing IQHE states with ultracold atoms is to employ synthetic magnetic fields [176-178,51].”

    From Anyons, Zitterbewegung and dynamical phase transitions in topologically nontrivial systems (2022) · cites this paper as [51]

  • Wu and Yang's proposal is now viewed as an apparent non-Abelian effect.

    “Hence, Wu and Yang’s proposal is now viewed as an apparent non-Abelian effect10,44.”

    From Non-Abelian gauge field optics (2019) · cites this paper as [10]

    Section 8.2.3 distinguishes genuinely non-Abelian effects from gauge fields that are Abelian but loosely called non-Abelian. Searches for “Wu and Yang” and “apparent non-Abelian effect” found no passage identifying Wu and Yang’s proposal or classifying it this way, so the specific attribution cannot be verified from our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 16

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Authors
Goldman, N., Juzeliūnas, G., Öhberg, P., & Spielman, I. B.
Affiliations
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Vilnius University (LT)
  • Heriot-Watt University (GB)
  • National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
Corresponding author
  • Goldman, N
  • Juzeliūnas, G
  • Öhberg, P
  • Spielman, I B
ORCID
Venue
Reports on Progress in Physics
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Published
2014-11-25
Volume
77
Issue
12
Pages
126401
ISSN
  • 0034-4885 (ISSN-L)
  • 1361-6633
DOI
10.1088/0034-4885/77/12/126401
OpenAlex
W2160498162
Cited by
1,212
References
494
Citations by year
2026: 56 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 100 · 2020: 119 · 2019: 112 · 2018: 128 · 2017: 101 · 2016: 119 · 2015: 104 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 1
FWCI
55.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Reports on Progress in Physics (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland
  • Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  • Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/J001392/1)
  • Army Research Office
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
Keywords
ultracold atoms, Yang-Mills fields, Abelian gauge fields, quantum simulation, dynamical gauge fields

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