Cited by 2,585Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersGenomics and Rare Diseases

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The contribution of de novo coding mutations to autism spectrum disorder

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Abstract

Whole exome sequencing has proven to be a powerful tool for understanding the genetic architecture of human disease. Here we apply it to more than 2,500 simplex families, each having a child with an autistic spectrum disorder. By comparing affected to unaffected siblings, we show that 13% of de novo missense mutations and 43% of de novo likely gene-disrupting (LGD) mutations contribute to 12% and 9% of diagnoses, respectively. Including copy number variants, coding de novo mutations contribute to about 30% of all simplex and 45% of female diagnoses. Almost all LGD mutations occur opposite wild-type alleles. LGD targets in affected females significantly overlap the targets in males of lower intelligence quotient (IQ), but neither overlaps significantly with targets in males of higher IQ. We estimate that LGD mutation in about 400 genes can contribute to the joint class of affected females and males of lower IQ, with an overlapping and similar number of genes vulnerable to contributory missense mutation. LGD targets in the joint class overlap with published targets for intellectual disability and schizophrenia, and are enriched for chromatin modifiers, FMRP-associated genes and embryonically expressed genes. Most of the significance for the latter comes from affected females.

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Metadata

Authors
Iossifov, I., O’Roak, B. J., Sanders, S. J., Ronemus, M., Krumm, N., Levy, D., Stessman, H. A., Witherspoon, K. T., Vives, L., Patterson, K. E., Smith, J. D., Paeper, B., Nickerson, D. A., Dea, J., Dong, S., Gonzalez, L. E., Mandell, J. D., Mane, S. M., Murtha, M. T., Sullivan, C. A., Walker, M. F., Waqar, Z., Wei, L., Willsey, A. J., Yamrom, B., Lee, Y.-H., Grabowska, E., Dalkic, E., Wang, Z., Marks, S., Andrews, P., Leotta, A., Kendall, J., Hakker, I., Rosenbaum, J., Ma, B., Rodgers, L., Troge, J., Narzisi, G., Yoon, S., Schatz, M. C., Ye, K., McCombie, W. R., Shendure, J., Eichler, E. E., State, M. W., & Wigler, M.
Affiliations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (US)
  • Oregon Health & Science University (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Peking University (CN)
  • Yale University (US)
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
  • Shendure, Jay
  • Eichler, Evan E.
  • State, Matthew W.
  • Wigler, Michael
Venue
Nature
Published
2014-10-29
Volume
515
Issue
7526
Pages
216-221
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2008627757
Cited by
2,585
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 125 · 2025: 178 · 2024: 204 · 2023: 209 · 2022: 263 · 2021: 266 · 2020: 298 · 2019: 232 · 2018: 202 · 2017: 237 · 2016: 210 · 2015: 146 · 2014: 12
FWCI
112.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
  • Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • National Institutes of Health (1rc2hl103010-01, UL1TR000142)
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (RC2HL102925, RC2HL102926, RC2HL102923, UC2HL102924, RC2HL-103010, UC2HL102925, UC2HL102923, UC2HL103010, RC2HL102924, UC2HL102926)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH101221)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007266)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U54HD083091)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, de novo mutations, simplex families, missense mutations, copy number variation, sex differences, intellectual disability, schizophrenia, chromatin modifiers, exome sequencing, genetic architecture, affected siblings, synaptic genes, chromatin remodeling
MeSH terms
Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Female, Genes, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Male, Mutation, Reproducibility of Results, Cluster Analysis, Open Reading Frames, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Exome

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