Coding the direct/indirect pathways by D1 and D2 receptors is not valid for accumbens projections
Open accessAbstract
It is widely accepted that D1 dopamine receptor-expressing striatal neurons convey their information directly to the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, whereas D2-expressing neurons do so indirectly via pallidal neurons. Combining optogenetics and electrophysiology, we found that this architecture does not apply to mouse nucleus accumbens projections to the ventral pallidum. Thus, current thinking attributing D1 and D2 selectivity to accumbens projections akin to dorsal striatal pathways needs to be reconsidered.
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Recent findings show that these neat divisions do not apply as simplistically to the ventral striatum.
“More recent findings have established that these neat divisions do not apply as simplistically to the ventral striatum [221,222].”
From Plasticity of synapses and reward circuit function in the genesis and treatment of depression (2023) · cites this paper as [221]
D1 medium spiny neurons project to the ventral tegmental area and ventral pallidum, while D2 medium spiny neurons project to the ventral pallidum.
“NAc D1-MSN and D2-MSNs are also distinguished by their projections to target regions: D1-MSNs target the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and ventral pallidum (VP), while D2-MSNs specifically target the VP (FIGURE 1) (19–21).”
From Emerging Role for Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neuron Subtypes in Depression (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Kupchik, Y. M., Brown, R. M., Heinsbroek, J. A., Lobo, M. K., Schwartz, D. J., & Kalivas, P. W.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kupchik, Yonatan M
- Kalivas, Peter W
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2015-07-27
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1230-1232
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC4551610
- OpenAlex
- W2173939482
- Cited by
- 459
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 21.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R37DA003906, DA-12513, DA03906, R01DA012513, DA 015369, P50DA015369, R01DA003906, R01DA038613)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- dopamine D1 receptor, dopamine D2 receptor, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, basal ganglia, direct and indirect pathways, striatal neurons, pallidal neurons, neural coding
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neural Pathways, Nucleus Accumbens, Receptors, Dopamine D1, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Mice, Optogenetics, Basal Forebrain
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