Prenatal tobacco exposure and brain morphology: a prospective study in young children
Open accessAbstract
It is well known that smoking during pregnancy can affect offspring health. Prenatal tobacco exposure has been associated with negative behavioral and cognitive outcomes in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. These associations between prenatal tobacco exposure and psychopathology in offspring could possibly be explained by the influence of prenatal tobacco exposure on brain development. In this prospective study, we investigated the association between prenatal tobacco exposure, behavioral and emotional functioning and brain morphology in young children. On the basis of age and gender, we matched 113 children prenatally exposed to tobacco with 113 unexposed controls. These children were part of a population-based study in the Netherlands, the Generation R Study, and were followed from pregnancy onward. Behavioral and emotional functioning was assessed at age 6 with the Child Behavior Checklist. We assessed brain morphology using magnetic resonance imaging techniques in children aged 6-8 years. Children exposed to tobacco throughout pregnancy have smaller total brain volumes and smaller cortical gray matter volumes. Continued prenatal tobacco exposure was associated with cortical thinning, primarily in the superior frontal, superior parietal, and precentral cortices. These children also demonstrated increased scores of affective problems. In addition, thickness of the precentral and superior frontal cortices was associated with affective problems. Importantly, brain development in offspring of mothers who quit smoking during pregnancy resembled that of nonexposed controls (no smaller brain volumes and no thinning of the cortex). Our findings suggest an association between continued prenatal tobacco exposure and brain structure and function in school-aged children.
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Prenatal smoking is associated with smaller total brain volume in regions such as the caudate nucleus, NA, frontal lobe, and cerebellum.
“Clinical studies have demonstrated an association between prenatal smoking and smaller total brain volume in regions such as the caudate nucleus, NA, frontal lobe, and cerebellum”
From Prenatal nicotine exposure during pregnancy results in adverse neurodevelopmental alterations and neurobehavioral deficits (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
Human fetal tobacco exposure studies agree with animal nicotine studies, especially regarding brain disruption independent of fetal growth.
“Taken together, studies of tobacco exposure in human fetuses are in agreement with those of nicotine exposure in animals, and in particular, those which documented disruption of brain development independent of effects on fetal growth.”
From Developmental toxicity of nicotine: A transdisciplinary synthesis and implications for emerging tobacco products (2017) · cites this paper as [91]
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- Authors
- El Marroun, H., Schmidt, M. N., Franken, I. H. A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Hofman, A., van der Lugt, A., Verhulst, F. C., Tiemeier, H., & White, T.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital (NL)
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2013-10-07
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 792-800
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC3924517
- OpenAlex
- W2155110481
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Erasmus Medisch Centrum
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- prenatal tobacco exposure, smoking during pregnancy, brain structure, cortical thinning, gray matter volume, total brain volume, emotional problems, behavioral problems, brain development, smoking cessation during pregnancy, young children, Generation R Study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Tobacco Products, Nicotiana, Mood Disorders
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