Alternative splicing and evolution: diversification, exon definition and function
Abstract
Over the past decade, it has been shown that alternative splicing (AS) is a major mechanism for the enhancement of transcriptome and proteome diversity, particularly in mammals. Splicing can be found in species from bacteria to humans, but its prevalence and characteristics vary considerably. Evolutionary studies are helping to address questions that are fundamental to understanding this important process: how and when did AS evolve? Which AS events are functional? What are the evolutionary forces that shaped, and continue to shape, AS? And what determines whether an exon is spliced in a constitutive or alternative manner? In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge of AS and evolution and provide insights into some of these unresolved questions.
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Alternative splicing can produce multiple different functional mRNAs and proteins with diverse expression patterns from the same gene.
“Although the actual number of protein-coding genes in humans is much smaller than initial estimates of approximately 100,000 genes, alternative splicing has been recognized as an important source of variation, potentially producing multiple different functional mRNAs and proteins with diverse expression patterns from the same gene (Keren et al., 2010; Nilsen and Graveley, 2010).”
From Genetic Changes Shaping the Human Brain (2015) · cites this paper as Keren et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Keren, H., Lev-Maor, G., & Ast, G.
- Affiliations
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Keren, Hadas
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Genetics
- Published
- 2010-04-08
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 345-355
- ISSN
- 1471-0056 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0064
- OpenAlex
- W1990210083
- Cited by
- 1,082
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 86 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 69
- FWCI
- 6.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- alternative splicing, exon definition, splicing regulation, transcriptome diversity, proteome diversity, diversification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Exons, Humans, Alternative Splicing, Evolution, Molecular, RNA Splice Sites
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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