Dynamics of B cells in germinal centres
Open accessAbstract
Humoral immunity depends on the germinal centre (GC) reaction during which somatically mutated high-affinity memory B cells and plasma cells are generated. Recent studies have uncovered crucial cues that are required for the formation and the maintenance of GCs and for the selection of high-affinity antibody mutants. In addition, it is now clear that these events are promoted by the dynamic movements of cells within and between GCs. These findings have resolved the complexities of the GC reaction in greater detail than ever before. This Review focuses on these recent advances and discusses their implications for the establishment of humoral immunity.
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The spleen is a major site of the germinal centre reaction, where antigen-specific antibody-producing plasma cells clonally expand.
“In addition, the spleen is a major site of the germinal centre reaction, in which antigen-specific antibody-producing plasma cells undergo clonal expansion78.”
From Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses (2023) · cites this paper as [78]
The Introduction says GC B cells proliferate and differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells; it does not say plasma cells themselves clonally expand in germinal centres. The section on initiation of the GC reaction describes clonal expansion of GC precursor B cells in the spleen, but does not establish that the spleen is a major site of the reaction. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- De Silva, N. S., & Klein, U.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klein, Ulf
- ORCID
- Klein, Ulf
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2015-02-06
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 137-148
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- PMC
- PMC4399774
- OpenAlex
- W2129509656
- Cited by
- 1,084
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 78 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 117 · 2019: 108 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 30
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA157660, 5T32-CA009503-26, T32CA009503)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- germinal center, B cells, somatic hypermutation, humoral immunity, memory B cells, plasma cells, B cell dynamics
- MeSH terms
- Antibody Affinity, B-Lymphocytes, Humans, Plasma Cells, Germinal Center, Immunity, Humoral
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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