Parallel processing strategies of the primate visual system
Open accessAbstract
Incoming sensory information is sent to the brain along modality-specific channels corresponding to the five senses. Each of these channels further parses the incoming signals into parallel streams to provide a compact, efficient input to the brain. Ultimately, these parallel input signals must be elaborated on and integrated in the cortex to provide a unified and coherent percept. Recent studies in the primate visual cortex have greatly contributed to our understanding of how this goal is accomplished. Multiple strategies including retinal tiling, hierarchical and parallel processing and modularity, defined spatially and by cell type-specific connectivity, are used by the visual system to recover the intricate detail of our visual surroundings.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Evidence for hierarchical organization of interoceptive processing and autonomic control is less clear than for exteroceptive (particularly visual) processing.
“in contrast to exteroceptive (particularly visual) processing (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991; Nassi and Callaway, 2009), evidence for hierarchical organization of interoceptive processing and autonomic control is less clear.”
From An Interoceptive Predictive Coding Model of Conscious Presence (2012) · cites this paper as Nassi and Callaway, 2009
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Maunsell, J., & van Essen, D. (1983) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.03-12-02563.1983 · Cited by 1,602 · see citing works
The functional logic of cortical connections
Zeki, S., & Shipp, S. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/335311a0 · Cited by 1,067 · see citing works
Boussaoud, D., Ungerleider, L. G., & Desimone, R. (1990) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902960311 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Cortical connections of the macaque anterior intraparietal (AIP) area
Borra, E., Belmalih, A., Calzavara, R., Gerbella, M., Murata, A., Rozzi, S., & Luppino, G. (2008) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm146 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Laminar specificity of functional input to distinct types of inhibitory cortical neurons
Xu, X., & Callaway, E. M. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4104-08.2009 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationThe modular organization of projections from areas V1 and V2 to areas V4 and TEO in macaques
Nakamura, H., Gattass, R., Desimone, R., & Ungerleider, L. (1993) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-09-03681.1993 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 159
- [3]Callaway EM Structure and function of parallel pathways in the primate early visual system J Physiol 2005 566 13 19 15905213 PMC1464718
- [4]Goodale MA Milner AD Separate visual pathways for perception and action Trends Neurosci 1992 15 20 25 1374953
- [5]Hendry SH Reid RC The koniocellular pathway in primate vision Annu Rev Neurosci 2000 23 127 153 10845061
- [6]Livingstone M Hubel D Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: anatomy, physiology, and perception Science 1988 240 740 749 3283936
- [7]Ungerleider LG Mishkin M Ingle DJ Mansfield RJW Goodale MS The Analysis of Visual Behavior 1982 Cambridge MIT Press 549 586
- [8]Wassle H Parallel processing in the mammalian retina Nat Rev Neurosci 2004 5 747 757 15378035
- [9]DeYoe EA Van Essen DC Concurrent processing streams in monkey visual cortex Trends Neurosci 1988 11 219 226 2471327
- [10]Dacey DM Gazzaniga MS The Cognitive Neurosciences 2004 Cambridge MIT Press 281 301
- [12]Field GD Chichilnisky EJ Information processing in the primate retina: circuitry and coding Annu Rev Neurosci 2007 30 1 30 17335403
- [13]Watanabe M Rodieck RW Parasol and midget ganglion cells of the primate retina J Comp Neurol 1989 289 434 454 2808778
- [14]Dacey DM Parallel pathways for spectral coding in primate retina Annu Rev Neurosci 2000 23 743 775 10845080
- [15]Schiller PH Logothetis NK The color-opponent and broad-band channels of the primate visual system Trends Neurosci 1990 13 392 398 1700509
- [16]Blasdel GG Lund JS Termination of afferent axons in macaque striate cortex J Neurosci 1983 3 1389 1413 6864254 PMC6564440
- [17]Chatterjee S Callaway EM Parallel colour-opponent pathways to primary visual cortex Nature 2003 426 668 671 14668866This paper shows that colour-opponent LGN neurons with red/green, blue-On, or blue-Off receptive fields, project in parallel to the primate V1 and terminate in anatomically separate compartments.
- [18]Hendrickson AE Wilson JR Ogren MP The neuroanatomical organization of pathways between the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex in Old World and New World primates J Comp Neurol 1978 182 123 136 100530
- [19]Michael CR Retinal afferent arborization patterns, dendritic field orientations, and the segregation of function in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the monkey Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U.S.A 1988 85 4914 4918 3387448 PMC280548
- [20]Dacey DM Lee BB The ‘blue-on’ opponent pathway in primate retina originates from a distinct bistratified ganglion cell type Nature 1994 367 731 735 8107868
- [21]Dacey DM Peterson BB Robinson FR Gamlin PD Fireworks in the primate retina: in vitro photodynamics reveals diverse LGN-projecting ganglion cell types Neuron 2003 37 15 27 12526769This paper shows that there are at least a dozen anatomically distinct cell types that project in parallel from the retina to the primate LGN.
- [22]Hendry SH Yoshioka T A neurochemically distinct third channel in the macaque dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus Science 1994 264 575 577 8160015This paper demonstrates that staining for calbindin or alpha-Cam kinase reveals a population of neurons in the primate LGN which are distinct from the magnocellular and parvocellular neurons. These are termed koniocellular.
- [23]Livingstone MS Hubel DH Thalamic inputs to cytochrome oxidase-rich regions in monkey visual cortex Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1982 79 6098 6101 6193514 PMC347060
- [24]Kaplan E Shapley RM X and Y cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque monkeys J Physiol 1982 330 125 143 7175738 PMC1225290
- [25]Xu X A comparison of koniocellular, magnocellular and parvocellular receptive field properties in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) J Physiol 2001 531 203 218 11179404 PMC2278453
- [26]Dacey DM Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN Nature 2005 433 749 754 15716953
- [27]Merigan WH Byrne CE Maunsell JH Does primate motion perception depend on the magnocellular pathway? J Neurosci 1991 11 3422 3429 1941091 PMC6575534This paper demonstrates that motion perception can persist following inactivation of the magnocellular LGN. However, there was some impairment in motion perception at high temporal frequencies and low spatial frequencies.
- [28]Merigan WH Katz LM Maunsell JH The effects of parvocellular lateral geniculate lesions on the acuity and contrast sensitivity of macaque monkeys J Neurosci 1991 11 994 1001 2010820 PMC6575382
- [29]Merigan WH Chromatic and achromatic vision of macaques: role of the P pathway J Neurosci 1989 9 776 783 2926482 PMC6569957
- [30]Schiller PH Logothetis NK Charles ER Role of the color-opponent and broad-band channels in vision Vis Neurosci 1990 5 321 346 2265148
- [31]Merigan WH Eskin TA Spatio-temporal vision of macaques with severe loss of P beta retinal ganglion cells Vision Res 1986 26 1751 1761 3617516
- [32]Schiller PH Logothetis NK Charles ER Functions of the colour-opponent and broad-band channels of the visual system Nature 1990 343 68 70 2296292
- [34]Bartfeld E Grinvald A Relationships between orientation-preference pinwheels, cytochrome oxidase blobs, and ocular-dominance columns in primate striate cortex Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992 89 11905 11909 1465416 PMC50666
- [35]Obermayer K Blasdel GG Geometry of orientation and ocular dominance columns in monkey striate cortex J Neurosci 1993 13 4114 4129 8410181 PMC6576395
- [36]Orban GA Higher order visual processing in macaque extrastriate cortex Physiol Rev 2008 88 59 89 18195083
- [37]Bullier J Hupe JM James AC Girard P The role of feedback connections in shaping the responses of visual cortical neurons Prog Brain Res 2001 134 193 204 11702544
- [38]Maunsell JHR Vaina LM Matters of Intelligence 1987 Dordrecht, Holland Reidel Press 59 87
- [39]Horton JC Hubel DH Regular patchy distribution of cytochrome oxidase staining in primary visual cortex of macaque monkey Nature 1981 292 762 764 6267472This paper demonstrates a modular anatomical feature in the primate V1 that led the way for later studies correlating function and/or connectivity with V1 modularity.
- [40]Fitzpatrick D Lund JS Blasdel GG Intrinsic connections of macaque striate cortex: afferent and efferent connections of lamina 4C J Neurosci 1985 5 3329 3349 3001242 PMC6565244
- [41]Hawken MJ Parker AJ Lund JS Laminar organization and contrast sensitivity of direction-selective cells in the striate cortex of the Old World monkey J Neurosci 1988 8 3541 3548 3193169 PMC6569616
- [42]Livingstone MS Hubel DH Anatomy and physiology of a color system in the primate visual cortex J Neurosci 1984 4 309 356 6198495 PMC6564760This paper demonstrates the functional specialization of cytochrome oxidase patches in V1.
- [43]Ts’o DY Gilbert CD The organization of chromatic and spatial interactions in the primate striate cortex J Neurosci 1988 8 1712 1727 3367218 PMC6569215
- [44]Sincich LC Horton JC The Circuitry of V1 and V2: Integration of Color, Form, and Motion Annu Rev Neurosci 2004 16022598
- [45]Callaway EM Wiser AK Contributions of individual layer 2–5 spiny neurons to local circuits in macaque primary visual cortex Vis Neurosci 1996 13 907 922 8903033
- [46]Lachica EA Beck PD Casagrande VA Parallel pathways in macaque monkey striate cortex: anatomically defined columns in layer III Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992 89 3566 3570 1314392 PMC48909This paper shows that neurons in the cytochrome oxidase patches of V1 receive convergent input from the magnocellular and parvocellular recipient layers of V1.
- [47]Yabuta NH Callaway EM Functional streams and local connections of layer 4C neurons in primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey J Neurosci 1998 18 9489 9499 9801386 PMC6792868This paper describes anatomical substrates for the convergence of information from both magnocellular and parvocellular pathways within both cytochrome oxidase patches and interpatches of V1
- [48]Yoshioka T Levitt JB Lund JS Independence and merger of thalamocortical channels within macaque monkey primary visual cortex: anatomy of interlaminar projections Vis Neurosci 1994 11 467 489 8038123
- [49]Malpeli JG Schiller PH Colby CL Response properties of single cells in monkey striate cortex during reversible inactivation of individual lateral geniculate laminae J Neurophysiol 1981 46 1102 1119 7299449
- [50]Nealey TA Maunsell JH Magnocellular and parvocellular contributions to the responses of neurons in macaque striate cortex J Neurosci 1994 14 2069 2079 8158257 PMC6577134This paper demonstrates that following inactivation of either the magnocellular or parvocellular pathway, visual responsivity can persist for neurons in both cytochrome oxidase patches and interpatches of V1
- [51]Edwards DP Purpura KP Kaplan E Contrast sensitivity and spatial frequency response of primate cortical neurons in and around the cytochrome oxidase blobs Vision Res 1995 35 1501 1523 7667910
- [52]Leventhal AG Thompson KG Liu D Zhou Y Ault SJ Concomitant sensitivity to orientation, direction, and color of cells in layers 2, 3, and 4 of monkey striate cortex J Neurosci 1995 15 1808 1818 7891136 PMC6578154This paper challenges the tripartite scheme introduced in ref. 42. It demonstrated that there is not a strict segregation of V1 neurons selective for orientation, direction and colour.
- [53]O’Keefe LP Levitt JB Kiper DC Shapley RM Movshon JA Functional organization of owl monkey lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex J Neurophysiol 1998 80 594 609 9705453
- [54]Johnson EN Hawken MJ Shapley R The spatial transformation of color in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey Nat Neurosci 2001 4 409 416 11276232
- [55]Lennie P Krauskopf J Sclar G Chromatic mechanisms in striate cortex of macaque J Neurosci 1990 10 649 669 2303866 PMC6570166
- [56]Anderson JC Martin KA Whitteridge D Form, function, and intracortical projections of neurons in the striate cortex of the monkey Macacus nemestrinus Cereb Cortex 1993 3 412 420 8260809
- [57]Yabuta NH Sawatari A Callaway EM Two functional channels from primary visual cortex to dorsal visual cortical areas Science 2001 292 297 300 11303106This paper demonstrates that local inputs to layer 4B neurons in V1 depend on cell type. Spiny stellate neurons receive input only from the magnocellular-recipient layer 4Cα, while pyramidal neurons receive input from both layer 4Cα and the parvocellular-recipient layer 4Cβ.
- [58]Sawatari A Callaway EM Diversity and cell type specificity of local excitatory connections to neurons in layer 3B of monkey primary visual cortex Neuron 2000 25 459 471 10719899
- [59]Briggs F Callaway EM Layer-specific input to distinct cell types in layer 6 of monkey primary visual cortex J Neurosci 2001 21 3600 3608 11331389 PMC1820845
- [60]DeYoe EA Van Essen DC Segregation of efferent connections and receptive field properties in visual area V2 of the macaque Nature 1985 317 58 61 2412132
- [61]Roe AW Ts’o DY Visual topography in primate V2: multiple representation across functional stripes J Neurosci 1995 15 3689 3715 7751939 PMC6578242
- [62]Shipp S Zeki S Segregation of pathways leading from area V2 to areas V4 and V5 of macaque monkey visual cortex Nature 1985 315 322 325 2987702
- [63]Shipp S Zeki S The functional organization of area V2, I: specialization across stripes and layers Vis Neurosci 2002 19 187 210 12385630
- [64]Livingstone MS Hubel DH Specificity of cortico-cortical connections in monkey visual system Nature 1983 304 531 534 6308468
- [65]Livingstone MS Hubel DH Connections between layer 4B of area 17 and the thick cytochrome oxidase stripes of area 18 in the squirrel monkey J Neurosci 1987 7 3371 3377 2824713 PMC6569048
- [66]Sincich LC Horton JC Divided by cytochrome oxidase: a map of the projections from V1 to V2 in macaques Science 2002 295 1734 1737 11872845This paper demonstrates the connectivity between cytochrome oxidase-defined modules in primate area V1 and those in area V2
- [67]Xiao Y Felleman DJ Projections from primary visual cortex to cytochrome oxidase thin stripes and interstripes of macaque visual area 2 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 101 7147 7151 15118090 PMC406480
- [68]Chen G Lu HD Roe AW A map for horizontal disparity in monkey V2 Neuron 2008 58 442 450 18466753 PMC2441920
- [69]Xiao Y Wang Y Felleman DJ A spatially organized representation of colour in macaque cortical area V2 Nature 2003 421 535 539 12556893
- [70]Burkhalter A Felleman DJ Newsome WT Van Essen DC Anatomical and physiological asymmetries related to visual areas V3 and VP in macaque extrastriate cortex Vision Res 1986 26 63 80 3716214
- [71]Shipp S Zeki S The Organization of Connections between Areas V5 and V1 in Macaque Monkey Visual Cortex Eur J Neurosci 1989 1 309 332 12106142
- [72]Sincich LC Horton JC Independent projection streams from macaque striate cortex to the second visual area and middle temporal area J Neurosci 2003 23 5684 5692 12843271 PMC6741268
- [73]Nassi JJ Callaway EM Specialized circuits from primary visual cortex to V2 and area MT Neuron 2007 55 799 808 17785186 PMC2727861
- [74]Raiguel SE Lagae L Gulyas B Orban GA Response latencies of visual cells in macaque areas V1, V2 and V5 Brain Res 1989 493 155 159 2776003
- [75]Schmolesky MT Signal timing across the macaque visual system J Neurophysiol 1998 79 3272 3278 9636126
- [76]Maunsell JH Newsome WT Visual processing in monkey extrastriate cortex Annu Rev Neurosci 1987 10 363 401 3105414
- [77]Conway BR Moeller S Tsao DY Specialized color modules in macaque extrastriate cortex Neuron 2007 56 560 573 17988638 PMC8162777
- [78]Pasupathy A Connor CE Responses to contour features in macaque area V4 J Neurophysiol 1999 82 2490 2502 10561421
- [79]Schein SJ Desimone R Spectral properties of V4 neurons in the macaque J Neurosci 1990 10 3369 3389 2213146 PMC6570187
- [80]Felleman DJ Burkhalter A Van Essen DC Cortical connections of areas V3 and VP of macaque monkey extrastriate visual cortex J Comp Neurol 1997 379 21 47 9057111
- [81]Andersen RA Asanuma C Essick G Siegel RM Corticocortical connections of anatomically and physiologically defined subdivisions within the inferior parietal lobule J Comp Neurol 1990 296 65 113 2358530
- [82]Blatt GJ Andersen RA Stoner GR Visual receptive field organization and cortico-cortical connections of the lateral intraparietal area (area LIP) in the macaque J Comp Neurol 1990 299 421 445 2243159
- [84]Lewis JW Van Essen DC Corticocortical connections of visual, sensorimotor, and multimodal processing areas in the parietal lobe of the macaque monkey J Comp Neurol 2000 428 112 137 11058227
- [86]Rizzolatti G Matelli M Two different streams form the dorsal visual system: anatomy and functions Exp Brain Res 2003 153 146 157 14610633
- [87]Distler C Boussaoud D Desimone R Ungerleider LG Cortical connections of inferior temporal area TEO in macaque monkeys J Comp Neurol 1993 334 125 150 8408755
- [89]Ungerleider LG Galkin TW Desimone R Gattass R Cortical connections of area V4 in the macaque Cereb Cortex 2008 18 477 499 17548798
- [90]Bullier J Schall JD Morel A Functional streams in occipito-frontal connections in the monkey Behav Brain Res 1996 76 89 97 8734045
- [91]Tanne-Gariepy J Rouiller EM Boussaoud D Parietal inputs to dorsal versus ventral premotor areas in the macaque monkey: evidence for largely segregated visuomotor pathways Exp Brain Res 2002 145 91 103 12070749
- [92]Saleem KS Suzuki W Tanaka K Hashikawa T Connections between anterior inferotemporal cortex and superior temporal sulcus regions in the macaque monkey J Neurosci 2000 20 5083 5101 10864966 PMC6772296
- [93]Janssen P Vogels R Orban GA Selectivity for 3D shape that reveals distinct areas within macaque inferior temporal cortex Science 2000 288 2054 2056 10856221
- [94]Luppino G Hamed SB Gamberini M Matelli M Galletti C Occipital (V6) and parietal (V6A) areas in the anterior wall of the parieto-occipital sulcus of the macaque: a cytoarchitectonic study Eur J Neurosci 2005 21 3056 3076 15978016
- [95]Rozzi S Cortical connections of the inferior parietal cortical convexity of the macaque monkey Cereb Cortex 2006 16 1389 1417 16306322
- [97]Galletti C Gamberini M Kutz DF Baldinotti I Fattori P The relationship between V6 and PO in macaque extrastriate cortex Eur J Neurosci 2005 21 959 970 15787702
- [98]Albright TD Direction and orientation selectivity of neurons in visual area MT of the macaque J Neurophysiol 1984 52 1106 1130 6520628
- [99]DeAngelis GC Cumming BG Newsome WT Cortical area MT and the perception of stereoscopic depth Nature 1998 394 677 680 9716130
- [100]Lappe M Bremmer F Pekel M Thiele A Hoffmann KP Optic flow processing in monkey STS: a theoretical and experimental approach J Neurosci 1996 16 6265 6285 8815907 PMC6579186
- [101]Siegel RM Read HL Analysis of optic flow in the monkey parietal area 7a Cereb Cortex 1997 7 327 346 9177764
- [102]Desimone R Schein SJ Moran J Ungerleider LG Contour, color and shape analysis beyond the striate cortex Vision Res 1985 25 441 452 4024463
- [103]Desimone R Albright TD Gross CG Bruce C Stimulus-selective properties of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque J Neurosci 1984 4 2051 2062 6470767 PMC6564959
- [104]Komatsu H Ideura Y Relationships between color, shape, and pattern selectivities of neurons in the inferior temporal cortex of the monkey J Neurophysiol 1993 70 677 694 8410167
- [105]Latto R The role of inferior parietal cortex and the frontal eye-fields in visuospatial discriminations in the macaque monkey Behav Brain Res 1986 22 41 52 3790236
- [106]Newsome WT Pare EB A selective impairment of motion perception following lesions of the middle temporal visual area (MT) J Neurosci 1988 8 2201 2211 3385495 PMC6569328This paper showed that lesions of the MT cortical area result in the impairment of motion perception.
- [107]Orban GA Saunders RC Vandenbussche E Lesions of the superior temporal cortical motion areas impair speed discrimination in the macaque monkey Eur J Neurosci 1995 7 2261 2276 8563975
- [108]Pasternak T Merigan WH Motion perception following lesions of the superior temporal sulcus in the monkey Cereb Cortex 1994 4 247 259 8075530
- [109]Quintana J Fuster JM Spatial and temporal factors in the role of prefrontal and parietal cortex in visuomotor integration Cereb Cortex 1993 3 122 132 8490318
- [110]De Weerd P Peralta MR 3rd Desimone R Ungerleider LG Loss of attentional stimulus selection after extrastriate cortical lesions in macaques Nat Neurosci 1999 2 753 758 10412066
- [111]Merigan WH Basic visual capacities and shape discrimination after lesions of extrastriate area V4 in macaques Vis Neurosci 1996 13 51 60 8730989
- [112]Vogels R Saunders RC Orban GA Effects of inferior temporal lesions on two types of orientation discrimination in the macaque monkey Eur J Neurosci 1997 9 229 245 9058044
- [113]Milner AD Goodale MA Two visual systems re-viewed Neuropsychologia 2008 46 774 785 18037456
- [114]Maunsell JH Van Essen DC Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey. II. Binocular interactions and sensitivity to binocular disparity J Neurophysiol 1983 49 1148 1167 6864243
- [115]Roy JP Komatsu H Wurtz RH Disparity sensitivity of neurons in monkey extrastriate area MST J Neurosci 1992 12 2478 2492 1613542 PMC6575856
- [116]Janssen P Vogels R Orban GA Macaque inferior temporal neurons are selective for disparity-defined three-dimensional shapes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999 96 8217 8222 10393975 PMC22215
- [117]Uka T Tanaka H Yoshiyama K Kato M Fujita I Disparity selectivity of neurons in monkey inferior temporal cortex J Neurophysiol 2000 84 120 132 10899190
- [118]Watanabe M Tanaka H Uka T Fujita I Disparity-selective neurons in area V4 of macaque monkeys J Neurophysiol 2002 87 1960 1973 11929915
- [119]Krug K Cumming BG Parker AJ Comparing perceptual signals of single V5/MT neurons in two binocular depth tasks J Neurophysiol 2004 92 1586 1596 15102899
- [120]Uka T DeAngelis GC Linking neural representation to function in stereoscopic depth perception: roles of the middle temporal area in coarse versus fine disparity discrimination J Neurosci 2006 26 6791 6802 16793886 PMC1994558
- [121]Janssen P Vogels R Liu Y Orban GA At least at the level of inferior temporal cortex, the stereo correspondence problem is solved Neuron 2003 37 693 701 12597865
- [122]Umeda K Tanabe S Fujita I Representation of stereoscopic depth based on relative disparity in macaque area V4 J Neurophysiol 2007 98 241 252 17507498
- [123]Durand JB Anterior regions of monkey parietal cortex process visual 3D shape Neuron 2007 55 493 505 17678860 PMC3011365
- [124]Ferrera VP Rudolph KK Maunsell JH Responses of neurons in the parietal and temporal visual pathways during a motion task J Neurosci 1994 14 6171 6186 7931571 PMC6577002
- [125]Sereno AB Maunsell JH Shape selectivity in primate lateral intraparietal cortex Nature 1998 395 500 503 9774105
- [126]Sereno ME Trinath T Augath M Logothetis NK Three-dimensional shape representation in monkey cortex Neuron 2002 33 635 652 11856536
- [127]Tolias AS Keliris GA Smirnakis SM Logothetis NK Neurons in macaque area V4 acquire directional tuning after adaptation to motion stimuli Nat Neurosci 2005 8 591 593 15834417
- [128]Lehky SR Sereno AB Comparison of shape encoding in primate dorsal and ventral visual pathways J Neurophysiol 2007 97 307 319 17021033
- [129]Murata A Gallese V Luppino G Kaseda M Sakata H Selectivity for the shape, size, and orientation of objects for grasping in neurons of monkey parietal area AIP J Neurophysiol 2000 83 2580 2601 10805659
- [130]Janssen P Srivastava S Ombelet S Orban GA Coding of shape and position in macaque lateral intraparietal area J Neurosci 2008 28 6679 6690 18579742 PMC6670407
- [131]Schlack A Albright TD Remembering visual motion: neural correlates of associative plasticity and motion recall in cortical area MT Neuron 2007 53 881 890 17359922
- [132]Sincich LC Park KF Wohlgemuth MJ Horton JC Bypassing V1: a direct geniculate input to area MT Nat Neurosci 2004 7 1123 1128 15378066
- [133]Nassi JJ Lyon DC Callaway EM The parvocellular LGN provides a robust disynaptic input to the visual motion area MT Neuron 2006 50 319 327 16630841 PMC3398675
- [134]Nassi JJ Callaway EM Multiple circuits relaying primate parallel visual pathways to the middle temporal area J Neurosci 2006 26 12789 12798 17151282 PMC2629496This paper showed that the different pathways by which visual information is carried from V1 to the MT cortical area have different relationships to the magnocellular and parvocellular pathways.
- [135]Movshon JA Newsome WT Visual response properties of striate cortical neurons projecting to area MT in macaque monkeys J Neurosci 1996 16 7733 7741 8922429 PMC6579106
- [136]Ponce CR Lomber SG Born RT Integrating motion and depth via parallel pathways Nat Neurosci 2008 11 216 223 18193039 PMC2377395This paper showed that selective inactivation of indirect pathways from V1 (via V2 and/or V3) to the MT cortical area results in a selective reduction in disparity tuning, but not direction tuning of MT neurons. This suggests that the direct pathway from V1 to MT is sufficient for direction, but not disparity tuning.
- [137]Albright TD Desimone R Gross CG Columnar organization of directionally selective cells in visual area MT of the macaque J Neurophysiol 1984 51 16 31 6693933
- [138]DeAngelis GC Newsome WT Organization of disparity-selective neurons in macaque area MT J Neurosci 1999 19 1398 1415 9952417 PMC6786027
- [139]Liu J Newsome WT Functional organization of speed tuned neurons in visual area MT J Neurophysiol 2003 89 246 256 12522176
- [140]Adams DL Zeki S Functional organization of macaque V3 for stereoscopic depth J Neurophysiol 2001 86 2195 2203 11698511
- [141]Zeki SM The third visual complex of rhesus monkey prestriate cortex J Physiol 1978 277 245 272 418175 PMC1282388
- [142]DeYoe EA Felleman DJ Van Essen DC McClendon E Multiple processing streams in occipitotemporal visual cortex Nature 1994 371 151 154 8072543
- [143]Xiao Y Zych A Felleman DJ Segregation and convergence of functionally defined V2 thin stripe and interstripe compartment projections to area V4 of macaques Cereb Cortex 1999 9 792 804 10600998
- [144]Zeki S Shipp S Modular Connections between Areas V2 and V4 of Macaque Monkey Visual Cortex Eur J Neurosci 1989 1 494 506 12106135
- [145]Gegenfurtner KR Kiper DC Levitt JB Functional properties of neurons in macaque area V3 J Neurophysiol 1997 77 1906 1923 9114244
- [146]Lagae L Gulyas B Raiguel S Orban GA Laminar analysis of motion information processing in macaque V5 Brain Res 1989 496 361 367 2804649
- [147]Berezovskii VK Born RT Specificity of projections from wide-field and local motion-processing regions within the middle temporal visual area of the owl monkey J Neurosci 2000 20 1157 1169 10648720 PMC6774190
- [148]Ohki K Chung S Ch’ng YH Kara P Reid RC Functional imaging with cellular resolution reveals precise micro-architecture in visual cortex Nature 2005 433 597 603 15660108
- [149]Tan EM Selective and quickly reversible inactivation of mammalian neurons in vivo using the Drosophila allatostatin receptor Neuron 2006 51 157 170 16846851
- [150]Wickersham IR Monosynaptic restriction of transsynaptic tracing from single, genetically targeted neurons Neuron 2007 53 639 647 17329205 PMC2629495
- [151]Boyden ES Zhang F Bamberg E Nagel G Deisseroth K Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity Nat Neurosci 2005 8 1263 1268 16116447
- [152]Zhang F Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry Nature 2007 446 633 639 17410168
- [153]Blackshaw SE Nicholls JG Parnas I Expanded receptive fields of cutaneous mechanoreceptor cells after single neurone deletion in leech central nervous system J Physiol 1982 326 261 268 7108791 PMC1251472
- [154]Grueber WB Graubard K Truman JW Tiling of the body wall by multidendritic sensory neurons in Manduca sexta J Comp Neurol 2001 440 271 283 11745623
- [155]Grueber WB Jan LY Jan YN Tiling of the Drosophila epidermis by multidendritic sensory neurons Development 2002 129 2867 2878 12050135
- [156]Ma M Shepherd GM Functional mosaic organization of mouse olfactory receptor neurons Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000 97 12869 12874 11050155 PMC18856
- [157]Schoppa NE Urban NN Dendritic processing within olfactory bulb circuits Trends Neurosci 2003 26 501 506 12948662
- [158]Schreiner CE Read HL Sutter ML Modular organization of frequency integration in primary auditory cortex Annu Rev Neurosci 2000 23 501 529 10845073
- [159]Sur M Wall JT Kaas JH Modular segregation of functional cell classes within the postcentral somatosensory cortex of monkeys Science 1981 212 1059 1061 7233199
- [160]Yu J Local-Circuit Phenotypes of Layer 5 Neurons in Motor-Frontal Cortex of YFP-H Mice Front Neural Circuits 2008 2 6 19129938 PMC2614859
- [161]Barbour DL Callaway EM Excitatory local connections of superficial neurons in rat auditory cortex J Neurosci 2008 28 11174 11185 18971460 PMC2610470
- [162]Bureau I von Saint Paul F Svoboda K Interdigitated paralemniscal and lemniscal pathways in the mouse barrel cortex PLoS Biol 2006 4 e382 17121453 PMC1637129
- [164]Belin P Zatorre RJ ‘What’, ‘where’ and ‘how’ in auditory cortex Nat Neurosci 2000 3 965 966 11017161
- [165]Dijkerman HC de Haan EH Somatosensory processes subserving perception and action Behav Brain Sci 2007 30 189 201 discussion 201–39 17705910
- [166]Kaas JH Hackett TA ‘What’ and ‘where’ processing in auditory cortex Nat Neurosci 1999 2 1045 1047 10570476
- [167]Savic I Gulyas B Larsson M Roland P Olfactory functions are mediated by parallel and hierarchical processing Neuron 2000 26 735 745 10896168
- [168]Tian B Reser D Durham A Kustov A Rauschecker JP Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex Science 2001 292 290 293 11303104
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An opportunity cost model of subjective effort and task performance
Kurzban, R., Duckworth, A., Kable, J. W., & Myers, J. (2013) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x12003196 · Cited by 1,381 · see citing works
The neocortical circuit: themes and variations
Harris, K. D., & Shepherd, G. M. G. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3917 · Cited by 1,215 · see citing works
An Interoceptive Predictive Coding Model of Conscious Presence
Seth, A. K., Suzuki, K., & Critchley, H. D. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00395 · Cited by 950 · see citing works
“First, in contrast to exteroceptive (particularly visual) processing (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991; Nassi and Callaway, 2009), evidence for hierarchical organization of interoceptive processing and autonomic control is less clear.”
BackgroundSingle-cell analysis of experience-dependent transcriptomic states in the mouse visual cortex
Hrvatin, S., Hochbaum, D. R., Nagy, M. A., Cicconet, M., Robertson, K., Cheadle, L., Zilionis, R., Ratner, A., Borges-Monroy, R., Klein, A. M., et al. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0029-5 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
The connectome of an insect brain
Winding, M., Pedigo, B. D., Barnes, C. L., Patsolic, H. G., Park, Y., Kazimiers, T., Fushiki, A., Andrade, I. V., Khandelwal, A., Valdes-Aleman, J., et al. (2023) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.add9330 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Functional specialization of mouse higher visual cortical areas
Andermann, M. L., Kerlin, A. M., Roumis, D. K., Glickfeld, L. L., & Reid, R. C. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.11.013 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Sporns, O., & Burkhalter, A. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6063-11.2012 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Visual motion serves but is not under the purview of the dorsal pathway
Gilaie-Dotan, S. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.018 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity
Chen, J. L., Lin, W. C., Cha, J. W., So, P. T., Kubota, Y., & Nedivi, E. (2011) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2799 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
A genuine layer 4 in motor cortex with prototypical synaptic circuit connectivity
Yamawaki, N., Borges, K., Suter, B. A., Harris, K. D., & Shepherd, G. M. G. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.05422 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
A model of ganglion axon pathways accounts for percepts elicited by retinal implants
Beyeler, M., Nanduri, D., Weiland, J. D., Rokem, A., Boynton, G. M., & Fine, I. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45416-4 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Beyeler, M., Rokem, A., Boynton, G. M., & Fine, I. (2017) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aa795e · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Lee, A. J., Wang, G., Jiang, X., Johnson, S. M., Hoang, E. T., Lanté, F., Stornetta, R. L., Beenhakker, M. P., Shen, Y., & Julius Zhu, J. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu020 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Adaptation-induced synchronization in laminar cortical circuits
Hansen, B. J., & Dragoi, V. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1102017108 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Parallel Channels for Motion Feature Extraction in the Pretectum and Tectum of Larval Zebrafish
Wang, K., Hinz, J., Zhang, Y., Thiele, T. R., & Arrenberg, A. B. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.031 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Parallel social information processing circuits are differentially impacted in autism
Lewis, E. M., Stein-O’Brien, G. L., Patino, A. V., Nardou, R., Grossman, C. D., Brown, M., Bangamwabo, B., Ndiaye, N., Giovinazzo, D., Dardani, I., et al. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.002 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Oxytocin: Parallel Processing in the Social Brain?
Dölen, G. (2015) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12284 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
On the impact of new technologies on multitasking
Cardoso-Leite, P., Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2015) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2014.12.001 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A visuomotor circuit for evasive flight turns in Drosophila
Kim, H., Park, H., Lee, J., & Kim, A. J. (2023) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.014 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Advances in neuroscience, not devices, will determine the effectiveness of visual prostheses
Abbasi, B., & Rizzo, J. F. (2021) · Seminars in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1080/08820538.2021.1887902 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Laminar circuit organization and response modulation in mouse visual cortex
Olivas, N. D., Quintanar-Zilinskas, V., Nenadic, Z., & Xu, X. (2012) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2012.00070 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A machine learning framework to optimize optic nerve electrical stimulation for vision restoration
Romeni, S., Zoccolan, D., & Micera, S. (2021) · Patterns · doi:10.1016/j.patter.2021.100286 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A model of ganglion axon pathways accounts for percepts elicited by retinal implants
Beyeler, M., Nanduri, D., Weiland, J. D., Rokem, A., Boynton, G. M., & Fine, I. (2018) · doi:10.1101/453035 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nassi, J. J., & Callaway, E. M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Corresponding author
- Callaway, Edward M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2009-04-08
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 360-372
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- PMC
- PMC2771435
- OpenAlex
- W2037908367
- Cited by
- 802
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 3.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH063912)
- National Eye Institute (F32EY018982, R01EY010742)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- primary visual cortex, parallel computing, perceptual integration, hierarchical processing, modularity, cell-type specific connectivity, primate visual system, visual perception
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Models, Biological, Primates, Sensory Receptor Cells, Retina, Vision, Ocular, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review