Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) blood levels after contamination of a community water supply and comparison with 2013–2014 NHANES
Open accessAbstract
Introduction Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), including perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were detected in the community water supply of Paulsboro New Jersey in 2009.Methods A cross-sectional study enrolled 192 claimants from a class-action lawsuit, not affiliated with this study, who had been awarded a blood test for 13 PFAS. Study participants provided their blood test results and completed a survey about demographics; 105 participants also completed a health survey. Geometric means, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 95th percentiles of exposure of PFNA blood serum concentrations were compared to that of the 2013-2014 NHANES, adjusted for reporting level. Associations between PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS and self-reported health outcomes were assessed using logistic regression.Results PFNA serum levels were 285% higher in Paulsboro compared with U.S. residents. PFNA serum levels were higher among older compared with younger, and male compared to female, Paulsboro residents. After adjustment for potential confounding, there was a significant association between increased serum PFNA levels and self-reported high cholesterol (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.29).Discussion/conclusion Further investigation into possible health effects of PFAS exposure in Paulsboro and other community settings is warranted. Since exposure has ceased, toxicokinetics of PFAS elimination should be explored.
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Consumption of AFFF-contaminated drinking water can lead to elevated PFAS levels in human blood.
“Consumption of AFFF-contaminated drinking water can lead to elevated PFAS levels in human blood [3,4].”
From In-Vitro and In-Silico Assessment of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) Binding to Human Serum Albumin (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports significantly higher serum PFNA and PFOA in residents of a community with PFAS-contaminated drinking water. But the Introduction (page unavailable) identifies a manufacturing facility, not firefighting foam, as the only likely source of that community’s water contamination. The paper therefore supports the drinking-water and elevated-blood-levels portion, but not the AFFF-specific attribution. (LLM, conf=0.89)
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- Authors
- Graber, J. M., Alexander, C., Laumbach, R. J., Black, K., Strickland, P. O., Georgopoulos, P. G., Marshall, E. G., Shendell, D. G., Alderson, D., Mi, Z., Mascari, M., & Weisel, C. P.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Graber, Judith M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
- Published
- 2018-11-27
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 172-182
- ISSN
- 1559-0631 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-064X
- PMC
- PMC6380951
- OpenAlex
- W2903063066
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES005022)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
- Keywords
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, perfluorononanoic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOS, perfluorohexanoic acid, class actions, NHANES comparison, serum concentration, hypercholesterolemia, toxicokinetics
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Caprylates, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fluorocarbons, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, New Jersey, Nutrition Surveys, Water Pollution, Chemical, Water Supply, Biomarkers, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Self Report
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