Cited by 241Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchImmunotoxicology and immune responsesSynthesis and properties of polymers

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Exposure to per-fluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances leads to immunotoxicity: epidemiological and toxicological evidence

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DeWitt, Jamie C., Blossom, Sarah J., Schaider, Laurel A.·2019·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology

Abstract

In this perspective, we evaluate key and emerging epidemiological and toxicological data concerning immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and seek to reconcile conflicting conclusions from two reviews published in 2016. We summarize ways that immunosuppression and immunoenhancement are defined and explain how specific outcomes are used to evaluate immunotoxicity in humans and experimental animals. We observe that different approaches to defining immunotoxicological outcomes, particularly those that do not produce clinical disease, may lead to different conclusions from epidemiological and toxicological studies. The fundamental point that we make is that aspects of epidemiological studies considered as limitations can be minimized when data from toxicological studies support epidemiological findings. Taken together, we find that results of epidemiological studies, supported by findings from toxicological studies, provide strong evidence that humans exposed to PFOA and PFOS are at risk for immunosuppression.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Science Advisory Board (SAB). SAB review of EPA’s draft risk assessment of potential human health effects associated with PFOA and its salts. 2006.
  2. Kaplan BLF, Sulentic CEW, Holsapple MP, Kaminski NE. Chapter 12: toxic responses of the immune system. In: Curtis D. Klaassen and John B. Watkins III (eds.). Casarett and Doull’s essentials of toxicology. (McGraw-Hill Education, U.S.) 2015. p. 177–94.

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Metadata

Authors
DeWitt, J. C., Blossom, S. J., & Schaider, L. A.
Affiliations
  • East Carolina University (US)
  • Arkansas Children's Research Institute (US)
  • Silent Spring Institute (US)
Corresponding author
DeWitt, Jamie C.
Venue
Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology
Published
2018-11-27
Volume
29
Issue
2
Pages
148-156
ISSN
  • 1559-0631 (ISSN-L)
  • 1559-064X
OpenAlex
W2903188676
Cited by
241
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 13
FWCI
1.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P42ES027706)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Synthesis and properties of polymers
Keywords
perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, immunotoxicity, immunosuppression, immune enhancement, human exposure, toxicological evidence, epidemiological evidence
MeSH terms
Animals, Immunotoxins, Caprylates, Environmental Exposure, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Risk Assessment

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