Galanin neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic area promote sleep and heat loss in mice
Open accessAbstract
The preoptic area (POA) is necessary for sleep, but the fundamental POA circuits have remained elusive. Previous studies showed that galanin (GAL)- and GABA-producing neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) express cFos after periods of increased sleep and innervate key wake-promoting regions. Although lesions in this region can produce insomnia, high frequency photostimulation of the POA GAL neurons was shown to paradoxically cause waking, not sleep. Here we report that photostimulation of VLPO GAL neurons in mice promotes sleep with low frequency stimulation (1–4 Hz), but causes conduction block and waking at frequencies above 8 Hz. Further, optogenetic inhibition reduces sleep. Chemogenetic activation of VLPO GAL neurons confirms the increase in sleep, and also reduces body temperature. In addition, chemogenetic activation of VLPO GAL neurons induces short-latency sleep in an animal model of insomnia. Collectively, these findings establish a causal role of VLPO GAL neurons in both sleep induction and heat loss.
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General anesthetics coopt warm-sensing and sleep-active preoptic neurons to produce hypnosis and central body cooling.
“Recent work suggests that general anesthetics coopt such “dual purpose” warm-sensing and sleep-active subsets of neurons both to elicit hypnosis and to drive central cooling of body temperature, which occurs during anesthetics states [99, 103, 110].”
From The Biology of General Anesthesia from Paramecium to Primate (2019) · cites this paper as [110]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Kroeger, D., Absi, G., Gagliardi, C., Bandaru, S. S., Madara, J. C., Ferrari, L. L., Arrigoni, E., Münzberg, H., Scammell, T. E., Saper, C. B., & Vetrivelan, R.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Saper, Clifford B.
- Vetrivelan, Ramalingam
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2018-10-08
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4129-4129
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6175893
- OpenAlex
- W2895180682
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 31
- FWCI
- 15.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NS091126, NS085477, HL095491, AG009975)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- ventrolateral preoptic area, sleep regulation, heat loss, body temperature, photostimulation, optogenetics, chemogenetics, insomnia, c-fos, wakefulness, neuronal firing rate
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Temperature Regulation, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Preoptic Area, Sleep, Galanin, Gene Expression Profiling
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