A phosphorescent probe for in vivo imaging in the second near-infrared window

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Biocompatible Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Cancer Imaging Agents

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Boosting the efficiency of organic persistent room-temperature phosphorescence by intramolecular triplet-triplet energy transfer

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Stable, Wavelength‐Tunable Fluorescent Dyes in the NIR‐II Region for In Vivo High‐Contrast Bioimaging and Multiplexed Biosensing

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A transistor-like pH nanoprobe for tumour detection and image-guided surgery

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Near-infrared optogenetic engineering of photothermal nanoCRISPR for programmable genome editing

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Large‐Scale Synthesis of Long Crystalline Cu2‐xSe Nanowire Bundles by Water‐Evaporation‐Induced Self‐Assembly and Their Application in Gas Sensing

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Metabolic Labeling of Peptidoglycan with NIR‐II Dye Enables In Vivo Imaging of Gut Microbiota

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Large-Scale Synthesis and Phase Transformation of CuSe, CuInSe 2 , and CuInSe 2 /CuInS 2 Core/Shell Nanowire Bundles

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Tuning Optical Activity of IV–VI Colloidal Quantum Dots in the Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) Spectral Regime

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Aggregation-induced emission properties of hydrothermally synthesized Cu–In–S quantum dots

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Overcoming the colour barrier

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Source data for NBME

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Near-infrared luminescence high-contrast in vivo biomedical imaging

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NIR-II light in clinical oncology: opportunities and challenges

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Near-infrared II fluorescence imaging

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Fluorescence-amplified nanocrystals in the second near-infrared window for in vivo real-time dynamic multiplexed imaging

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Nanoparticles with ultrasound-induced afterglow luminescence for tumour-specific theranostics

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Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second Near-Infrared Window

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Recent advances in optical imaging through deep tissue: imaging probes and techniques

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Stepwise taming of triplet excitons via multiple confinements in intrinsic polymers for long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence

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Engineered NIR-II fluorophores with ultralong-distance molecular packing for high-contrast deep lesion identification

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Photostable Small-Molecule NIR-II Fluorescent Scaffolds that Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier for Noninvasive Brain Imaging

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Engineering single-atom catalysts toward biomedical applications

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In situ orderly self-assembly strategy affording NIR-II-J-aggregates for in vivo imaging and surgical navigation

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Unlocking Cr3+–Cr3+ Coupling in Spinel: Ultrabroadband Near-Infrared Emission beyond 900 nm with High Efficiency and Thermal Stability

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Afterglow bio-applications by utilizing triplet excited states of organic materials

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Oxyhaemoglobin saturation NIR-IIb imaging for assessing cancer metabolism and predicting the response to immunotherapy

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Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging

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The Midas Touch by Iridium: A Second Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Metallo-Agent for Exceptional Phototheranostics of Breast Cancer

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Nanomaterial‐Enabled Photothermal Heating and Its Use for Cancer Therapy via Localized Hyperthermia

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Near-Infrared-II Fluorescent Probes for Analytical Applications: From In Vitro Detection to In Vivo Imaging Monitoring

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Activatable Sonoafterglow Nanoprobes for T‐Cell Imaging

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Constructing Broadband Near‐Infrared Garnet Emitters CaGd 2 Ga 4 SiO 12 :Cr 3+ with Unity Quantum Efficiency and High Thermal Stability for Versatile Applications

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Anti-Tumor Strategies of Photothermal Therapy Combined with Other Therapies Using Nanoplatforms

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Rare Earth Single‐Atomic Hybrid Glasses for Near‐Infrared II Optical Waveguides

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Noninvasive Early Diagnosis of Allograft Rejection by a Granzyme B Protease Responsive NIR‐II Bioimaging Nanosensor

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Construction of Long‐Wavelength Emissive Organic Nanosonosensitizer Targeting Mitochondria for Precise and Efficient In Vivo Sonotherapy

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Long-term monitoring of intravital biological processes using fluorescent protein-assisted NIR-II imaging

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Millisecond‐Range Time‐Resolved Bioimaging Enabled through Ultralong Aqueous Phosphorescence Probes

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Deep-tissue SWIR imaging using rationally designed small red-shifted near-infrared fluorescent protein

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NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided colorectal cancer surgery targeting CEACAM5 by a nanobody

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Self‐Recoverable and NIR‐I to NIR‐II Tunable Broadband Mechanoluminescence of Cr 3+ ‐Doped Antimonate Double Perovskites

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PET/NIR-II fluorescence imaging and image-guided surgery of glioblastoma using a folate receptor α-targeted dual-modal nanoprobe

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Artificial intelligence-aided optical imaging for cancer theranostics

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Phosphine-Capped Effects Enable Full-Color Clusteroluminescence in Nonconjugated Polyesters

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1064 nm activatable semiconducting polymer-based nanoplatform for NIR-II fluorescence/NIR-II photoacoustic imaging guided photothermal therapy of orthotopic osteosarcoma

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NIR‐II J‐Aggregated Pt(II)‐Porphyrin‐Based Phosphorescent Probe for Tumor‐Hypoxia Imaging

Zhang, W., Chen, S., Sun, P., Ye, S., Fan, Q., Song, J., Zeng, P., Qu, J., & Wong, W. (2022) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202200467 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Noninvasive in vivo microscopy of single neutrophils in the mouse brain via NIR-II fluorescent nanomaterials

Chen, Y., Yang, Y., & Zhang, F. (2024) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-024-00983-3 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

NIR-II bioimaging of small molecule fluorophores: From basic research to clinical applications

Li, C., Guan, X., Zhang, X., Zhou, D., Son, S., Xu, Y., Deng, M., Guo, Z., Sun, Y., & Kim, J. S. (2022) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2022.114620 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

White-light activatable organic NIR-II luminescence nanomaterials for imaging-guided surgery

Li, C., Du, J., Jiang, G., Gong, J., Zhang, Y., Yao, M., Wang, J., Wu, L., & Tang, B. Z. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50202-6 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

In Situ Secondary Self‐Assembly of Near‐Infrared II J‐Aggregates: A Novel Phototheranostic Strategy for Inducing Tumor Pyroptosis

Tang, Y., Xiang, D., & Li, Q. (2025) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202501184 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

NIR-II fluorescence-guided liver cancer surgery by a small molecular HDAC6 targeting probe

Wang, B., Tang, C. C., Lin, E., Jia, X., Xie, G., Li, P., Li, D., Yang, Q., Guo, X., Cao, C., et al. (2023) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104880 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Microenvironment‐Tailored Catalytic Nanoprobe for Ratiometric NIR‐II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Imaging of H2O2 in Tumor and Lymphatic Metastasis

Chen, T., Chen, Z., Zhou, Q., Ding, H., Gong, P., Wang, J., Cai, H., Ao, R., Yu, M., Song, J., et al. (2022) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202208720 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Sensitively detecting antigen of SARS-CoV-2 by NIR-II fluorescent nanoparticles

Hu, R., Liao, T., Ren, Y., Liu, W., Ma, R., Wang, X., Lin, Q., Wang, G., & Liang, Y. (2022) · Nano Research · doi:10.1007/s12274-022-4351-1 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Near infrared quantum dots for biosensing and bioimaging

Wegner, K. D., & Hildebrandt, N. (2024) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2024.117922 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

A Phase Engineering Strategy of Perovskite‐Type ZnSnO3:Nd for Boosting the Sonodynamic Therapy Performance

Zhang, R., Zang, P., Yang, D., Li, J., Hu, N., Qu, S., & Yang, P. (2023) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202300522 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Design strategies and applications of smart optical probes in the second near-infrared window

Chang, B., Chen, J., Bao, J., Dong, K., Chen, S., & Cheng, Z. (2022) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2022.114637 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

J-aggregates albumin-based NIR-II fluorescent dye nanoparticles for cancer phototheranostics

Du, B., Liu, R., Qu, C., Qian, K., Suo, Y., Wu, F., Chen, H., Li, X., Li, Y., Liu, H., et al. (2022) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100366 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Activatable Janus Nanoparticles for Precise NIR‐II Bioimaging and Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Bao, J., Liu, R., Yu, Z., Cheng, Z., & Chang, B. (2024) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202316646 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Intraoperative Glioma Grading Using Neural Architecture Search and Multi-Modal Imaging

Xiao, A., Shen, B., Shi, X., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., Tian, J., Ji, N., & Hu, Z. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2022.3166129 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Single- and multi-modal molecular probes with second near-infrared activatable optical signals for disease diagnosis and theranostics

Wang, M., Bai, S., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d5cs00502g · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Molecular fluorophores for in vivo bioimaging in the second near-infrared window

Yang, Y., & Zhang, F. (2022) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-022-05688-x · Cited by 42 · see citing works

High Spatial and Temporal Resolution NIR-IIb Gastrointestinal Imaging in Mice

Mi, C., Guan, M., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., Wu, S., Yang, Z., Guo, Z., Liao, J., Zhou, J., Lin, F., et al. (2022) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04909 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Reactive oxygen species-mediated organic long-persistent luminophores light up biomedicine: from two-component separated nano-systems to integrated uni-luminophores

Li, Z., Liu, H., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d4cs00443d · Cited by 41 · see citing works

When near-infrared fluorescence meets supramolecular coordination complexes: Challenges and opportunities of metallacycles/metallacages in precision biomedicine

Xu, Y., Dou, Y., Li, Q., Ye, H., Li, Y., Qiu, S., Xiong, X., Li, J., & Sun, Y. (2023) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215320 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Enantiomeric NIR‐II Emitting Rare‐Earth‐Doped Ag2Se Nanoparticles with Differentiated In Vivo Imaging Efficiencies

Ding, Q., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Li, C., Sun, M., Chen, C., Lin, H., Xu, C., Kuang, H., & Xu, L. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202210370 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Long‐Lived Second Near‐Infrared Luminescent Probes: An Emerging Role in Time‐Resolved Luminescence Bioimaging and Biosensing

Feng, R., Li, G., Ko, C.-N., Zhang, Z., Wan, J., & Zhang, Q. (2022) · Small Structures · doi:10.1002/sstr.202200131 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

New and effective EGFR-targeted fluorescence imaging technology for intraoperative rapid determination of lung cancer in freshly isolated tissue

Li, C., Mi, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Guo, X., Zhou, J. H., Hu, Z., & Tian, J. (2022) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-022-05975-7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Innovative Biomaterials for Bone Tumor Treatment and Regeneration: Tackling Postoperative Challenges and Charting the Path Forward

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Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanomedicine for inflammatory bowel disease: targeted delivery and integrated diagnostics toward precision treatment

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Structure Tailoring of Hemicyanine Dyes for In Vivo Shortwave Infrared Imaging

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