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Learning is inhibited by heat exposure, both internationally and within the United States
Abstract
Human capital generally, and cognitive skills specifically, play a crucial role in determining economic mobility and macroeconomic growth. While elevated temperatures have been shown to impair short-run cognitive performance, much less is known about whether heat exposure affects the rate of skill formation. We combine standardized achievement data for 58 countries and 12,000 US school districts with detailed weather and academic calendar information to show that the rate of learning decreases with an increase in the number of hot school days. These results provide evidence that climatic differences may contribute to differences in educational achievement both across countries and within countries by socioeconomic status and that may have important implications for the magnitude and functional form of climate damages in coupled human-natural systems.
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“Social distancing measures may have altered factors such as seating arrangements or indoor climate that in turn can influence student performance (41 –43).”
From Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Park, R. J., Behrer, A. P., & Goodman, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Nature Human Behaviour
- Published
- 2020-10-05
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-27
- ISSN
- 2397-3374 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3091739370
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 47 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 5.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-12-16)
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Human Behaviour (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P2CHD041022)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Keywords
- heat exposure, learning, cognitive performance, skill development, academic performance, school day, socioeconomic status, cross-national comparison, climate damages, human capital
- MeSH terms
- Academic Success, Climate, Educational Measurement, Hot Temperature, Humans, Learning, Schools, Students, United States, Global Health
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