Simultaneous lancet-free monitoring of alcohol and glucose from low-volumes of perspired human sweat
Open accessAbstract
A lancet-free, label-free biosensor for simultaneous detection of sweat glucose and alcohol was demonstrated using zinc oxide thin films integrated into a nanoporous flexible electrode system. Sensing was achieved from perspired human sweat at low volumes (1–3 μL), comparable to ambient conditions without external stimulation. Zinc oxide thin film electrodes were surface functionalized with alcohol oxidase enzyme and with glucose oxidase enzyme towards developing an affinity biosensor specific to the physiological relevant range of alcohol comprising of 0–2 drinks (0–50 mg/dl) and physiologically relevant range of glucose ranging from hypo- to hyper-glycaemia (50–130 mg/dl) in perspired human sweat. Sensing was achieved by measuring impedance changes associated with alcohol and glucose binding onto the sensor interface using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with a dynamic range from 0.01–200 mg/dl and a limit of detection of 0.01 mg/dl for alcohol in human sweat. Sensor calibration in synthetic sweat containing interferents (25–200 mg/dl) and comparison using regression and Bland-Altman analysis of sweat sensor performance was done with BACtrack®. Combinatorial detection of glucose and ethanol in perspired human sweat and comparison of sweat sensor performance with Accu-Chek® blood glucose monitoring system that we expect would be relevant for pre-diabetics and diabetics for monitoring their glucose levels and alcohol consumption.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Various materials have been used as working electrodes, such as noble metals (Au and Ag), metallic oxides, graphene, and carbon black.
“Various materials have been used as working electrodes, such as noble metal (Au and Ag) (20–22), metallic oxides (23, 24), graphene (25, 26), and carbon black (27).”
From Integrated textile sensor patch for real-time and multiplex sweat analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [24]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
Gressner, A. M., & Arndt, T. (2019) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_300416 · Cited by 5,092 · see citing works
Fully integrated wearable sensor arrays for multiplexed in situ perspiration analysis
Gao, W., Emaminejad, S., Nyein, H. Y. Y., Challa, S., Chen, K., Peck, A., Fahad, H. M., Ota, H., Shiraki, H., Kiriya, D., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature16521 · Cited by 5,087 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Results and Discussions The organization of this section organized is as follows: (1) Structural characterization and functionalization of the developed sensor for alcohol sensing; (2) Evaluation of sensor performance in synthetic sweat buffers through AC and DC step based techniques; (3) Evaluation of sensor performa…”
Understanding bland altman analysis
Giavarina, D. (2015) · Biochemia Medica · doi:10.11613/bm.2015.015 · Cited by 4,022 · see citing works
The Electrical Double Layer and the Theory of Electrocapillarity.
Grahame, D. C. (1947) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr60130a002 · Cited by 3,324 · see citing works
Zhou, H., Rivas, G., & Minton, A. P. (2008) · Annual Review of Biophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.37.032807.125817 · Cited by 2,130 · see citing works
Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation.
Armbruster, D., & Pry, T. (2008) · PubMed Central · doi:10.1111/aji.13807 · Cited by 2,092 · see citing works
Lee, H., Choi, T. K., Lee, Y. B., Cho, H. R., Ghaffari, R., Wang, L., Choi, H. J., Chung, T. D., Lu, N., Hyeon, T., et al. (2016) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2016.38 · Cited by 1,802 · see citing works
Sonner, Z., Wilder, E., Heikenfeld, J., Kasting, G., Beyette, F., Swaile, D., Sherman, F., Joyce, J., Hagen, J., Kelley-Loughnane, N., et al. (2015) · Biomicrofluidics · doi:10.1063/1.4921039 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Moderate Alcohol Consumption Lowers the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Koppes, L. L. J., Dekker, J. M., Hendriks, H. F. J., Bouter, L. M., & Heine, R. J. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.3.719 · Cited by 671 · see citing works
Noninvasive Alcohol Monitoring Using a Wearable Tattoo-Based Iontophoretic-Biosensing System
Kim, J., Jeerapan, I., Imani, S., Cho, T. N., Bandodkar, A., Cinti, S., Mercier, P. P., & Wang, J. (2016) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.6b00356 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Correlation Between Sweat Glucose and Blood Glucose in Subjects with Diabetes
Moyer, J., Wilson, D., Finkelshtein, I., Wong, B., & Potts, R. (2012) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2011.0262 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Lvovich, V. F. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118164075 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Electroanalytical Methods : Guide to Experiments and Applications
Scholz, F. (2010) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02915-8 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Minton, A. P. (2005) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.050351 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
(2019) · doi:10.33176/cbr · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Formulation and stability of a novel artificial human sweat under conditions of storage and use
Harvey, C. J., LeBouf, R. F., & Stefaniak, A. B. (2010) · Toxicology in Vitro · doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2010.06.016 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites
Swift, R. M. (2003) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Munje, R. D., Muthukumar, S., & Prasad, S. (2017) · Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical · doi:10.1016/j.snb.2016.07.088 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Effect of Evening Alcohol Consumption on Next-Morning Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes
Turner, B. C., Jenkins, E., Kerr, D., Sherwin, R. S., & Cavan, D. A. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.11.1888 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Miniaturized pH Sensors Based on Zinc Oxide Nanotubes/Nanorods
Fulati, A., Ali, S. M. U., Riaz, M., Amin, G., Nur, O., & Willander, M. (2009) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s91108911 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
The Accuracy of Point-of-Care Glucose Measurements
Rebel, A., Rice, M. A., & Fahy, B. G. (2012) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/193229681200600228 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Gamella, M., Campuzano, S., Manso, J., Rivera, G. G. D., López-Colino, F., Reviejo, A. J., & Pingarrón, J. M. (2014) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2013.09.020 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Flexible nanoporous tunable electrical double layer biosensors for sweat diagnostics
Munje, R. D., Muthukumar, S., Panneer Selvam, A., & Prasad, S. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14586 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationElectrochemical analysis based on nanoporous structures
Park, S., Kim, H. C., & Chung, T. D. (2012) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/c2an35294j · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Consequences of alcohol use in diabetics.
Emanuele, N. V., Swade, T. F., & Emanuele, M. A. (1998) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 103 · see citing works
TiCxOy thin films for decorative applications: Tribocorrosion mechanisms and synergism
Mathew, M. T., Ariza, E., Rocha, L. A., Fernandes, A. C., & Vaz, F. (2008) · Tribology International · doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2007.11.011 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Alcohol, glucose metabolism and diabetes
Avogaro, A., & Tiengo, A. (1993) · Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmr.5610090205 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Dumett, M. A., Rosen, I. G., Sabat, J., Shaman, A., Tempelman, L., Wang, C., & Swift, R. M. (2008) · Applied Mathematics and Computation · doi:10.1016/j.amc.2007.07.026 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Glucose detection in human sweat using an electronic nose
Olarte, O., Chilo, J., Pelegrí-Sebastiá, J., Barbé, K., & Moer, W. V. (2013) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc.2013.6609787 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Heinonen, S., Nikkanen, J., Huttunen‐Saarivirta, E., et al. (2017) · Thin Solid Films · doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2017.07.055 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
A novel real-time carbon dioxide analyzer for health and environmental applications
Zhao, D., Miller, D., Xian, X., Tsow, F., & Forzani, E. (2014) · Sensors and Actuators B Chemical · doi:10.1016/j.snb.2013.12.110 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Transdermal Alcohol Measurement: A Review of the Literature
Hawthorne, J. S., & Wojcik, M. H. (2006) · Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal · doi:10.1080/00085030.2006.10757138 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Du, X., Anzai, J., Osa, T., et al. (1996) · Electroanalysis · doi:10.1002/elan.1140080820 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Portable Nanoporous Electrical Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Troponin-T
Shanmugam, N. R., Selvam, A. P., Barrett, T. W., Kazmierczak, S. C., Rana, M. N., & Prasad, S. (2015) · Future Science OA · doi:10.4155/fso.15.22 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationChallenges of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients With Alcohol Dependence
Alromaihi, D., Zielke, J., & Bhan, A. (2012) · Clinical Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diaclin.30.3.120 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Immobilization of Pichia pastoris cells containing alcohol oxidase activity.
Maleknia, S., Ahmadi, H., & Norouzian, D. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Integrated textile sensor patch for real-time and multiplex sweat analysis
He, W., Wang, C., Wang, H., Jian, M., Lu, W., Liang, X., Zhang, X., Yang, F., & Zhang, Y. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax0649 · Cited by 564 · see citing works
Glove-based sensors for multimodal monitoring of natural sweat
Bariya, M., Li, L., Ghattamaneni, R., Ahn, C. H., Nyein, H. Y. Y., Tai, L.-C., & Javey, A. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb8308 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Enzymatic Low Volume Passive Sweat Based Assays for Multi-Biomarker Detection
Bhide, A., Cheeran, S., Muthukumar, S., & Prasad, S. (2019) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios9010013 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Bhide, A., Muthukumar, S., Saini, A., & Prasad, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Prasad, Shalini
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2018-04-25
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 6507-6507
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5916883
- OpenAlex
- W2802212723
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 3.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R43AA026114)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Bioengineering › Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Keywords
- alcohol detection, glucose monitoring, ZnO thin films, alcohol oxidase, glucose oxidase, label-free biosensor, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, diabetes monitoring, prediabetes
- MeSH terms
- Wearable Electronic Devices, Ethanol, Blood Glucose, Electrodes, Glucose, Glucose Oxidase, Humans, Sweat, Zinc Oxide, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Biosensing Techniques, Electric Impedance, Electrochemical Techniques, Dielectric Spectroscopy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
