Efferocytosis drives a tryptophan metabolism pathway in macrophages to promote tissue resolution
Open accessAbstract
Macrophage efferocytosis prevents apoptotic cell (AC) accumulation and triggers inflammation-resolution pathways. The mechanisms linking efferocytosis to resolution often involve changes in macrophage metabolism, but many gaps remain in our understanding of these processes. We now report that efferocytosis triggers an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1)-dependent tryptophan (Trp) metabolism pathway that promotes several key resolution processes, including the induction of pro-resolving proteins, such interleukin-10, and further enhancement of efferocytosis. The process begins with upregulation of Trp transport and metabolism, and it involves subsequent activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by the Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn). Through these mechanisms, macrophage IDO1 and AhR contribute to a proper resolution response in several different mouse models of efferocytosis-dependent tissue repair, notably during atherosclerosis regression induced by plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering. These findings reveal an integrated metabolism programme in macrophages that links efferocytosis to resolution, with possible therapeutic implications for non-resolving chronic inflammatory diseases, notably atherosclerosis.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Efferocytosis leads to IL-10 induction in macrophages through signaling pathways activated by apoptotic cell cargo, including fatty acids and tryptophan.
“Efferocytosis leads to IL-10 induction in macrophages through signaling pathways activated by apoptotic cell cargo, including fatty acids and tryptophan (30, 40).”
From Impaired TIM4-mediated efferocytosis by liver macrophages contributes to fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
The Results section ('IDO1 licences post-efferocytic resolution in macrophages'; page not specified) reports that efferocytosis increases macrophage IL-10 and that this increase depends in part on the tryptophan-metabolism pathway. The Extended Data describe apoptotic-cell-derived tryptophan leading to Il10 transcription through kynurenine and AhR. Our copy does not establish the claimed fatty-acid-cargo pathway to IL-10 induction. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIL-10 is among the proresolving molecules known to be induced by efferocytosis.
“Among the proresolving molecules known to be induced by efferocytosis is interleukin-10 (IL-10) (30, 40)”
From Impaired TIM4-mediated efferocytosis by liver macrophages contributes to fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Fadok, V. A., Bratton, D. L., Konowal, A., Freed, P. W., Westcott, J. Y., & Henson, P. M. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci1112 · Cited by 3,166 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Efferocytosis stimulates the production of pro-resolving mediators, notably TGF-β1 and IL-10, which are important in tissue repair 14,30 .”
Identification of a Novel Inhibitor of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase
Favata, M. F., Horiuchi, K. Y., Manos, E. J., Daulerio, A. J., Stradley, D. A., Feeser, W. S., Dyk, D. E. V., Pitts, W. J., Earl, R. A., Hobbs, F. W., et al. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.29.18623 · Cited by 3,016 · see citing works
Nathan, C., & Ding, A. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.029 · Cited by 2,183 · see citing works
An endogenous tumour-promoting ligand of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Opitz, C. A., Litzenburger, U. M., Sahm, F., Ott, M., Tritschler, I., Trump, S., Schumacher, T., Jestaedt, L., Schrenk, D., Weller, M., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10491 · Cited by 1,898 · see citing works
An Interaction between Kynurenine and the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Can Generate Regulatory T Cells
Mezrich, J. D., Fechner, J. H., Zhang, X., Johnson, B. P., Burlingham, W. J., & Bradfield, C. A. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903670 · Cited by 1,617 · see citing works
Kynurenines: Tryptophan’s metabolites in exercise, inflammation, and mental health
Cervenka, I., Agudelo, L. Z., & Ruas, J. L. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf9794 · Cited by 1,382 · see citing works
Yoshimori, T., Yamamoto, A., Moriyama, Y., Futai, M., & Tashiro, Y. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)47429-2 · Cited by 1,334 · see citing works
Efferocytosis in health and disease
Doran, A. C., Yurdagul, A., & Tabas, I. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0240-6 · Cited by 1,066 · see citing works
Self-citationCloning of a Factor Required for Activity of the Ah (Dioxin) Receptor
Hoffman, E. C., Reyes, H., Chu, F., Sander, F. C., Conley, L. H., Brooks, B. A., & Hankinson, O. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1852076 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Tryptophan and the immune response
Moffett, J., & Namboodiri, M. (2003) · Immunology and Cell Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1711.2003.t01-1-01177.x · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Hezaveh, K., Shinde, R. S., Klötgen, A., Halaby, M. J., Lamorte, S., Ciudad, M. T., Quevedo, R., Neufeld, L., Liu, Z. Q., Jin, R., et al. (2022) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.006 · Cited by 746 · see citing works
CD47-blocking antibodies restore phagocytosis and prevent atherosclerosis
Kojima, Y., Volkmer, J.-P., McKenna, K., Civelek, M., Lusis, A. J., Miller, C. L., Direnzo, D., Nanda, V., Ye, J., Connolly, A. J., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature18935 · Cited by 683 · see citing works
A-González, N., Bensinger, S. J., Hong, C., Beceiro, S., Bradley, M. N., Zelcer, N., Deniz, J. M., Ramírez, C. M., Díaz, M., Gallardo, G., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.06.018 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Engulfment of apoptotic cells: signals for a good meal
Ravichandran, K. S., & Lorenz, U. M. (2007) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2214 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Räber, L., Ueki, Y., Otsuka, T., Losdat, S., Häner, J. D., Lønborg, J., Fahrni, G., Iglesias, J. F., van Geuns, R., Ondracek, A. S., et al. (2022) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2022.5218 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Selective inhibition of IDO1 effectively regulates mediators of antitumor immunity
Liu, X., Shin, N., Koblish, H. K., Yang, G., Wang, Q., Wang, K., Leffet, L., Hansbury, M., Thomas, B. A., Rupar, M. J., et al. (2010) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2009-09-246124 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Blockade of the AHR restricts a Treg-macrophage suppressive axis induced by L-Kynurenine
Campesato, L. F., Budhu, S., Tchaicha, J. H., Weng, C., Gigoux, M., Cohen, I., Redmond, D., Mangarin, L. M. B., Pourpe, S., Liu, C., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17750-z · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Liang, X., Dong, W., Fang, Y., Lv, J., Zhang, T., Fiskesund, R., Xie, J., Liu, J., Yin, X., et al. (2018) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2018.02.005 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Yurdagul, A., Subramanian, M., Wang, X., Crown, S. B., Ilkayeva, O. R., Darville, L., Kolluru, G. K., Rymond, C. C., Gerlach, B. D., Zheng, Z., et al. (2020) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2020.01.001 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Self-citationClearing the Dead: Apoptotic Cell Sensing, Recognition, Engulfment, and Digestion
Hochreiter-Hufford, A., & Ravichandran, K. S. (2013) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a008748 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Weinberg, S., DeBerge, M., Gainullina, A., Schipma, M., Kinchen, J. M., Ben-Sahra, I., Gius, D. R., Yvan-Charvet, L., Chandel, N. S., et al. (2019) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.004 · Cited by 485 · see citing works
Nicholls, S. J., Kataoka, Y., Nissen, S. E., Prati, F., Windecker, S., Puri, R., Hucko, T., Aradi, D., Herrman, J. R., Hermanides, R. S., et al. (2022) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.03.002 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Rapid cell corpse clearance by stabilin-2, a membrane phosphatidylserine receptor
Park, S.-Y., Jung, M.-Y., Kim, H.-J., Lee, S., Kim, S.-Y., Lee, B.-H., Kwon, T.-H., Park, R. W., & Kim, I. T. (2007) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4402242 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Drugging the efferocytosis process: concepts and opportunities
Mehrotra, P., & Ravichandran, K. S. (2022) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-022-00470-y · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Regulatory T Cells Promote Macrophage Efferocytosis during Inflammation Resolution
Proto, J. D., Doran, A. C., Gusarova, G., Yurdagul, A., Sozen, E., Subramanian, M., Islam, M. N., Rymond, C. C., Du, J., Hook, J., et al. (2018) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.07.015 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Self-citationLiving on the Edge: Efferocytosis at the Interface of Homeostasis and Pathology
Morioka, S., Maueröder, C., & Ravichandran, K. S. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.04.018 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Mitochondrial fission promotes the continued clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages
Wang, Y., Subramanian, M., Yurdagul, A., Barbosa-Lorenzi, V. C., Cai, B., de Juan-Sanz, J., Ryan, T. A., Nomura, M., Maxfield, F. R., & Tabas, I. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.041 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Self-citationEfferocytosis induces macrophage proliferation to help resolve tissue injury
Gerlach, B. D., Ampomah, P. B., Yurdagul, A., Liu, C., Lauring, M. C., Wang, X., Kasikara, C., Kong, N., Shi, J., Tao, W., et al. (2021) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.10.015 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Self-citationResolution of inflammation: An organizing principle in biology and medicine
Panigrahy, D., Gilligan, M. M., Serhan, C. N., & Kashfi, K. (2021) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107879 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling mediates expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Vogel, C. F. A., Goth, S. R., Dong, B., Pessah, I. N., & Matsumura, F. (2008) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.156 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
The role of efferocytosis in atherosclerosis
Kojima, Y., Weissman, I. L., & Leeper, N. J. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.116.025684 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Flores, A. M., Hosseini-Nassab, N., Jarr, K.-U., Ye, J., Zhu, X., Wirka, R. C., Koh, A. L., Tsantilas, P., Wang, Y., Nanda, V., et al. (2020) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-019-0619-3 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Kim, S., Henry, E. C., Kim, D., Kim, Y., Shin, K. J., Han, M. S., Lee, T. G., Kang, J., Gasiewicz, T. A., Ryu, S. H., et al. (2006) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.105.021832 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Mellor, A. L., Baban, B., Chandler, P., Manlapat, A., Kahler, D. J., & Munn, D. H. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.9.5601 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Continued clearance of apoptotic cells critically depends on the phagocyte Ucp2 protein
Park, D., Han, C. Z., Elliott, M. R., Kinchen, J. M., Trampont, P. C., Das, S., Collins, S., Lysiak, J. J., Hoehn, K. L., & Ravichandran, K. S. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10340 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Koblish, H. K., Hansbury, M., Bowman, K., Yang, G., Neilan, C. L., Haley, P. J., Burn, T. C., Waeltz, P., Sparks, R. B., Yue, E. W., et al. (2010) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-09-0628 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1): an up‐to‐date overview of an eclectic immunoregulatory enzyme
Pallotta, M. T., Rossini, S., Suvieri, C., Coletti, A., Orabona, C., Macchiarulo, A., Volpi, C., & Grohmann, U. (2021) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16086 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Regulatory T Cells License Macrophage Pro-Resolving Functions During Atherosclerosis Regression
Sharma, M., Schlegel, M., Afonso, M., Brown, E. J., Rahman, K., Weinstock, A., Sansbury, B. E., Corr, E. M., van Solingen, C., Koelwyn, G., et al. (2020) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.119.316461 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Macrophage Apoptosis and Efferocytosis in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis
Linton, M. F., Babaev, V. R., Huang, J., Linton, E. F., Tao, H., & Yancey, P. G. (2016) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-16-0924 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Henson, P. M. (2017) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-125315 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Shinde, R. S., Hezaveh, K., Halaby, M. J., Kloetgen, A., Chakravarthy, A., Medina, T. D. S., Deol, R., Manion, K., Baglaenko, Y., Eldh, M., et al. (2018) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0107-1 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Tolerance to apoptotic cells is regulated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Ravishankar, B., Liu, H., Shinde, R. S., Chandler, P., Baban, B., Tanaka, M., Munn, D. H., Mellor, A. L., Karlsson, M. C. I., & McGaha, T. L. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1117736109 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Wu, D., Nishimura, N., Kuo, V., Fiehn, O., Shahbaz, S., Winkle, L. S. V., Matsumura, F., & Vogel, C. F. A. (2011) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.110.220202 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Ampomah, P. B., Cai, B., Sukka, S. R., Gerlach, B. D., Yurdagul, A., Wang, X., Kuriakose, G., Darville, L. N. F., Sun, Y., Sidoli, S., et al. (2022) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-022-00551-7 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationAryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Kynurenine: Recent Advances in Autoimmune Disease Research
Nguyen, N. T., Nakahama, T., Le, D. H., Son, L. V., Hà, C. H., & Kishimoto, T. (2014) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00551 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Ravishankar, B., Liu, H., Shinde, R. S., Chaudhary, K., Xiao, W. L., Bradley, J., Koritzinsky, M., Madaio, M. P., & McGaha, T. L. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1504276112 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Park, S., Jung, M.-Y., Lee, S.-J., Kang, K.-B., Gratchev, A. N., Riabov, V., Kzhyshkowska, J. G., & Kim, I. (2009) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.049569 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Zhu, W., Stevens, A. P., Dettmer, K., Gottfried, E., Hoves, S., Kreutz, M. P., Holler, E., Canelas, A. B., Kema, I. P., & Oefner, P. J. (2011) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-011-5436-y · Cited by 153 · see citing works
PFKFB2-mediated glycolysis promotes lactate-driven continual efferocytosis by macrophages
Schilperoort, M., Ngai, D., Katerelos, M., Power, D., & Tabas, I. (2023) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-023-00736-8 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Self-citationMetghalchi, S., Ponnuswamy, P., Simon, T., Haddad, Y., Laurans, L., Clément, M., Dalloz, M., Romain, M., Esposito, B., Koropoulis, V., et al. (2015) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.004 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
The phosphatidylserine receptor TIM4 utilizes integrins as coreceptors to effect phagocytosis
Flannagan, R. S., Canton, J., Furuya, W., Glogauer, M., & Grinstein, S. (2014) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e13-04-0212 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
The activation mechanism of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by molecular chaperone HSP90
Tsuji, N., Fukuda, K., Nagata, Y., Okada, H., Haga, A., Hatakeyama, S., Yoshida, S., Okamoto, T., Hosaka, M., Sekine, K., et al. (2014) · FEBS Open Bio · doi:10.1016/j.fob.2014.09.003 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Cole, J. E., Astola, N., Cribbs, A. P., Goddard, M. E., Park, I., Green, P. A., Davies, A. H., Williams, R. O., Feldmann, M., & Monaco, C. G. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1517820112 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Yu, E., Ruiz‐Canela, M., Guasch‐Ferré, M., Zheng, Y., Toledo, E., Clish, C. B., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Liang, L., Wang, D. D., Corella, D., et al. (2017) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.116.241711 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Navarro-Xavier, R., Newson, J., Silveira, V. L. F., Farrow, S. N., Gilroy, D. W., & Byström, J. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902866 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Ngai, D., Schilperoort, M., & Tabas, I. A. (2023) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-023-00921-9 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationVallés, A. M., Beuvin, M., & Boyer, B. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m405144200 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Werfel, T. A., Elion, D. L., Rahman, B., Hicks, D. J., Sanchez, V. M., Ericsson, P. I. G., Nixon, M. J., James, J. L., Balko, J. M., Scherle, P., et al. (2018) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1106 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Cooperation of heat shock protein 90 and p23 in aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling
Cox, M., & Miller, C. A. (2004) · Cell stress & chaperones (Print) · doi:10.1379/1466-1268(2004)009 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Chimeric efferocytic receptors improve apoptotic cell clearance and alleviate inflammation
Morioka, S., Kajioka, D., Yamaoka, Y., Ellison, R. M., Tufan, T., Werkman, I. L., Tanaka, S., Barron, B. J., Ito, S., Kucenas, S., et al. (2022) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.029 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Zhu, K., Meng, Q., Zhang, Z., Tao, Y., He, Y. Z., Zheng, J. J., & Lei, W. (2019) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2019.10748 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
A Critical Role For MAP Kinases in the Control of Ah Receptor Complex Activity
Tan, Z., Huang, M., Puga, A., & Xia, Y. (2004) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfh228 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
SLC36A4 (hPAT4) Is a High Affinity Amino Acid Transporter When Expressed in Xenopus laevis Oocytes
Pillai, S. M., & Meredith, D. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.172403 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Evidence that a deviation in the kynurenine pathway aggravates atherosclerotic disease in humans
Baumgartner, R., Berg, M., Matic, L. P., Polyzos, K., Forteza, M. J., Hjorth, S. A., Schwartz, T. W., Paulsson‐Berne, G., Hansson, G. K., Hedin, U., et al. (2020) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13142 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Low serum tryptophan predicts higher mortality in cardiovascular disease
Murr, C., Grammer, T. B., Kleber, M. E., Meinitzer, A., März, W., & Fuchs, D. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/eci.12402 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Pappas, B., Yang, Y., Wang, Y., Kim, K., Chung, H. J., Cheung, M., Ngo, K., Shinn, A. H., & Chan, W. K. (2018) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.015 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Efferocytosis: An accomplice of cancer immune escape
Qiu, H., Shao, Z., Wen, X., Liu, Z., Chen, Z., Qu, D., Ding, X., & Zhang, L. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115540 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Shang, P., Valapala, M., Grebe, R. R., Hose, S., Ghosh, S., Bhutto, I. A., Handa, J. T., Lutty, G. A., Lü, L., Wan, J., et al. (2017) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12561 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Yurdagul, A., Kong, N., Gerlach, B. D., Wang, X., Ampomah, P. B., Kuriakose, G., Tao, W., Shi, J., & Tabas, I. A. (2021) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315622 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationCrbn modulates calcium influx by regulating Orai1 during efferocytosis
Moon, H., Min, C., Kim, G., Kim, D., Kim, K., Lee, S.-A., Moon, B., Yang, S., Lee, J., Yang, S., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19272-0 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Li, Q., You, Y., Zeng, Y., Wang, X., Pan, Z., Pang, J., Chen, Q., Zhou, Y., Jin, Y., Yang, Y., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac170 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationCooperation of heat shock protein 90 and p23 in aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling
Cox, M. B., & Miller, C. A. (2004) · Cell Stress and Chaperones · doi:10.1379/460.1 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Spatial control of Draper receptor signaling initiates apoptotic cell engulfment
Williamson, A. P., & Vale, R. D. (2018) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201711175 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tian, L., Tang, X., Zhu, J., Zhang, W., Tang, W., Yan, J., Xu, X. M., & Liang, H. (2020) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104047 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Koenis, D. S., Matteis, R. D., Rajeeve, V., Cutillas, P. R., & Dalli, J. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202304690 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Wetzel, L., Hurtado, M., Kaswan, Z. A. M., McCusker, R. H., & Steelman, A. J. (2020) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100116 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, L., Zheng, C., Xia, Y., Dai, Y., & Wei, Z. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154874 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Schrodt, M. V., Behan-Bush, R. M., Liszewski, J. N., Humpal-Pash, M. E., Boland, L. K., Scroggins, S. M., Santillan, D. A., & Ankrum, J. A. (2023) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-023-03443-z · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Räber, L., Ueki, Y., Otsuka, T., Losdat, S., Häner, J. D., Lonborg, J., Fahrni, G., Iglesias, J. F., van Geuns, R.-J., Ondracek, A. S., et al. (2022) · Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern · doi:10.48350/169023 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Low serum tryptophan predicts higher mortality in cardiovascular disease
Murr, C., Grammer, T. B., Kleber, M. E., Meinitzer, A., März, W., & Fuchs, D. (2014) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.232 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DAMPs in the immunogenicity of cell death
Chen, R., Zou, J., Liu, J., Kang, R., & Tang, D. (2025) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2025.09.007 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Ji, Y.-N., Li, X., Yao, X.-L., Sun, J., Yi, J., Shen, Y.-T., Chen, B.-Q., & Sun, H.-L. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1732718 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Kou, Y., Ni, Y., Yang, H., Xu, C., Fan, H., & Liu, H. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03428-0 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Pulica, R., Aquib, A., Varsanyi, C., Gadiyar, V., Wang, Z., Frederick, T., Calianese, D. C., Patel, B., de Dios, K. V., Poalasin, V., et al. (2025) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-025-02090-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Shi, H., Wang, X., Sloas, C., Gerlach, B., Yurdagul, A., Moore, M. P., Jung, E. J., Mirshahi, F., Ronzoni, L., Sanyal, A. J., et al. (2025) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adv2106 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationZhu, H., Wang, W., Zhu, J., Chen, X., Wang, J., Wang, J., Liu, D., Yang, P., & Liu, Y. (2025) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.02.030 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Regulation of inflammatory processes by caspases
Beltrán‐Visiedo, M., Soler-Agesta, R., Sarosiek, K. A., Green, D. R., & Galluzzi, L. (2025) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00869-6 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Metabolic reprogramming in efferocytosis
Yan, Q., Li, K., Chen, L., Wang, A., Xi, Y., Xiao, H., & Yuan, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1677028 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Exploring tryptophan metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases
Mouttoulingam, N., & Taleb, S. (2024) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2024.11.009 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Topography-based implants for bone regeneration: Design, biological mechanism, and therapeutics
Guo, W., Yang, Z., Liu, F., Song, J., Yang, W., Li, Y., Hu, W., & Wang, K. (2025) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102066 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Gut microbiota metabolites in the immunoregulation of enteritis: research progress
Yu, S.-C., Zhang, M., Dou, Z., Tian, B., & Lu, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1706472 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Relationship between amino acid metabolism and inflammation in coronary heart disease (Review)
Shen, R., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2025.5561 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Pan, Q., Chen, G., Zhuang, X., Li, F., & Yang, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s533628 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Polystyrene microplastic-induced pathophysiology is driven by disruption of efferocytosis
Codo, A. C., Romero-Pichardo, J. E., Wang, Z., Aufiero, M. A., Lazarov, T., Rojas, W. S., Walker, N. S., Nair, A., Cole, R. F., Adkins, S., et al. (2026) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2026.01.009 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The role and mechanisms of macrophages in chronic pain: A peripheral-to-central perspective
Liu, J., Chen, Y., & Chen, G. (2025) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111470 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Efferocytosis in Health and Disease
Li, C., Yang, Y., Zhou, F., Jiang, Q., Jiang, Y., Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Ye, Z., Xu, G. X., Kao, G., et al. (2025) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.70546 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Dissecting inflammation in the immunemetabolomic era
Ogger, P. P., & Murray, P. J. (2025) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-025-05715-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
L-Kynurenine regulates immune response in ICIs-associated myocarditis via JAK/STAT pathway
He, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Pan, J., Zhou, Y., Zhang, S., & Cheng, L. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114676 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Emerging approaches for antagonizing the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Dvořák, Z., Mani, S., & Vondráček, J. (2025) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2025.05.003 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Yang, Q., Yan, J., & Yang, Q. (2026) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.70601 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
More Than a Cleanup Crew: The Expanding Biology of Efferocytosis
Pandit, R., Hillman, H., Williams, J. W., & Yurdagul, A. (2025) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.125.323211 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The role of efferocytosis in inflammatory bowel disease
Liu, Y., Li, Z.-Z., Han, Y., & Wang, Q. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1524058 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Anti-Atherogenic Mechanisms and Therapies
Hudson, A., Igiehon, O. O., Woolard, M. D., & Yurdagul, A. (2025) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-025-01324-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Extracorporeal Photopheresis Stimulates Tissue Repair after Transplantation
Arella, F., Schlitt, H. J., & Riquelme, P. (2025) · Transplantation Direct · doi:10.1097/txd.0000000000001812 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far
Williams, K. J. (2025) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000973 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Xiang, H.-C., Lan, Y., Hu, L., Qin, R., Li, H., Weng, T., Zou, Y., Liu, Y., Hu, X., Ge, W., et al. (2025) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1177/17448069251321339 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Li, W., Ying, F., Pang, X., Wu, Q., Li, G., Huang, L., Xin, J., Liu, X., Liu, P., Xu, X., et al. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202512508 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationAggressive cholesterol lowering normalizes atherosclerosis regression in Jak2V617F mice
Hardaway, B. D., Fidler, T. P., Tavallaie, M. S., Hsu, C.-C., Schiavone, S., Xiao, T., Wang, R., Wang, N., & Tall, A. R. (2026) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2026.101003 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Direct immunomodulatory effects of DSPC:DSPG:CHOL liposomes on murine dendritic cells
Benne, N., Janssen, J. J. H., Mastrobattista, E., & Broere, F. (2025) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2025.107201 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Yin, X., Guo, Y., Xu, J., Shao, R., & Kong, Y. (2025) · BMC Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12890-025-03525-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Interleukin-18 Inhibition Aggravates Atherosclerosis in Jak2 Clonal Hematopoiesis
Tavallaie, M. S., Hsu, C.-C., Hardaway, B. D., Dou, H., Fidler, T. P., Kim, E., Schiavone, S., Ngai, D., Xiao, T., Wang, N., et al. (2026) · JACC Basic to Translational Science · doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2025.101463 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationMetabolites in the extracellular tumor microenvironment and the shaping of macrophage function
Lamorte, S., Bianca, M., Liu, Z. Q., & McGaha, T. L. (2025) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2025.09.016 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zeng, W., Fan, Y., Wang, C., Yang, S., Xu, J., Wang, C., Chang, H., Luo, Y., Liu, S., & He, Z. (2026) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102528 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Arroyo-Xochihua, O., Zepeda, R. C., & Sánchez-Medina, A. (2026) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-026-05038-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kersch, C., Masutin, V., Kuhlmann, L., Alsaleh, R., Kaifie, A., & Schmitz‐Spanke, S. (2025) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-025-04155-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Baoganning decoction mitigates liver fibrosis via regulating IDO1-mediated macrophage efferocytosis
Kuang, S., Feng, C., Yuan, Y., Li, M., Mo, C., Deng, K., Xie, S., Zhong, W., Wen, J. F., Wang, Y., et al. (2026) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2026.157798 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Modulation of immune cells and metabolic reprogramming in efferocytosis
Oliveira, K. C., Marcos, C., Penteado, L. D. A., Dejani, N., Moraes-Vieira, P., & Medeiros, A. (2026) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-026-08431-8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Amino acid and cholesterol metabolism in innate immunity
Li, W., Jin, M., Li, H., Zhong, R., Lin, Z., Shen, M., & Wang, H. (2025) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2025.09.019 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Traboulsi, H., Heimbach, N. S., Wilson, E. T., Eidelman, D. H., & Baglole, C. J. (2025) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1093/jimmun/vkaf280 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., Wang, J., Zhang, L., Song, K., Sun, X., Zhang, Y., & Liu, F. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1691978 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhuang, Z., You, L., Kong, J., Tian, Y., Li, Y., Zhi, Y., Zhang, B., Wan, Y., Xudong, J., & Yang, H. (2025) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.tox.2025.154387 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fan, P., Ruan, Y., Kaichao, H. U., Wang, H., Ye, J.-R., Wang, S., Yuan, R., Yang, G., Liu, F., He, W., et al. (2026) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2026.04.003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sheng, X., Wang, L., Shi, G., Li, Y., Wang, D., Wang, W., Du, Y., Wang, S., Mi, C., & Yang, H. (2026) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105355 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Metabolic Perspective on Atherosclerosis: Macrophage Reprogramming and Novel Therapeutic Targets
Wang, Z. Q., Zhang, Y., Li, L., & Wang, Z. (2026) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.125.047847 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Balaban, R., Moskowitz, O., Levinson, M., Ofer, N., Raizman, A., Kitron, G. L., Aviv, E., Camargo, S., Goldman, L., Leemann, A., et al. (2026) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aed1544 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kuang, S., Wang, Y., Feng, C., Yuan, Y., Li, M., Deng, K., Zhong, W., Wen, J. F., Zhou, C., Chen, Q., et al. (2026) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.119774 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Duolikun, D., Zhang, L., Wang, T., Wu, X., Guo, X., Zeeshan, W. M., Liu, Z., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., & 郑龙坡 (2026) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.05.037 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
PRAS40-driven pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization is required for inflammatory bowel disease
Zhang, C., Bo, Y., Deng, J., Zhang, T., Chen, X., Teng, H., Luo, Y., & Huang, L. (2026) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-026-08931-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zheng, H., Liang, Y., & Tian, Y. (2026) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-026-04652-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Defective efferocytosis in diabetes: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies
Lei, Y., Tang, M., Deng, H., Li, Y., Wu, J., Luo, L., Mou, Y., 吴千石, Li, Q., Xu, Y., et al. (2026) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-026-02302-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Shi, L., Zhou, H., & Zheng, R. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1793796 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mosallanejad, K., Hubeau, C., Sterman, A. S., & Tan, Y. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15151412 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Teunis, C. J., Zijlstra, L. F., Levels, J. H. M., Vinten, K. T., Trętowicz, M. M., Mol, B. M., Sluimer, J. C., Mokrý, M., Murphy, A. J., Kroon, J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.14.648852 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Liu, F., Zhou, X., & Akın, İ. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-02091-w
Tavallaie, M. S., Hsu, C.-C., Hardaway, B. D., Dou, H., Fidler, T. P., Kim, E., Abramowicz, S., Ngai, D., Xiao, T., Wang, N., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.03.657754
Self-citationQiu, L., Dang, J., Qiao, J., Zhang, X., Yi, C., & Zhang, X. (2025) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114768
Xu, J., Ni, C., Qin, L., Wang, P., & Xu, J. (2026) · Clinical & Translational Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12094-026-04330-8
Tryptophan depletion generates hyper-reactive portal neutrophils in alcoholic liver disease
Groba, S. R., Richter, M., Schwarz, D., Seyfried, P., Serafimov, K., Fu, X., Farinola, L., Heming, J.-N., Masthoff, M., Köhler, M., et al. (2026) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-337646
Ozkocak, D. C., Santavanond, J. P., Tanzer, M. C., & Poon, I. K. H. (2026) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03099-7
Ngai, D., Chowdhury, S., Sukka, S. R., Kuriakose, G., Havens, B. T., Yalçınkaya, M., Frey, J. M., Doviak, H., Bradford, J. W., Dorweiler, B., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.64898/2026.04.27.720940
Self-citationHou, X., Yang, Y., Jiao, Y., Deng, W., Duan, J., Zhou, Z., Ye, S., Guo, C., Li, B., You, D., et al. (2026) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103324
Gu, L., Li, H., Hu, Y., Fan, J., Yan, L., Xiong, Q., Li, L., Li, Y., Bo, L., & Sui, X. (2026) · Journal of Ginseng Research · doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101107
Chen, Y., Sun, Y., Chen, X., Liu, Y., & Wang, H. (2026) · Targetome · doi:10.48130/targetome-0026-0031
Nano-pathogenoids hitchhike activated neutrophils for eliminating of atherosclerosis plaques
Liu, M., Liu, S., Yang, H., Sun, Y., Zhao, G., Xiu, J., Zhang, J., & Zhao, X. (2026) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.124524
Cai, W., Pan, X.-L., Qian, T., Yu, S.-W., Zhao, R.-Q., Zhu, C.-Q., Sang, S., & Zhong, C. (2026) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-026-01693-4
Atherosclerosis resolution: strategies to remodel and resolve plaques.
Halbedl, E., & Fisher, E. A. (2026) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000001050
Tan, R., Wu, A., Liu, L., Gu, W., Yang, C., Ye, H., & Xu, Y. (2026) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-026-05695-8
Duan, X., Ma, P., Ao, X., Li, X., Huang, J., & Song, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1933734
Hu, H., Han, T., Huang, Q.-Y., Gong, P., Liu, J.-X., Wang, H., Ling, X., Wang, K., Liu, S., Yu, Y., et al. (2026) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-026-00526-0
Advances in the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators in periodontitis
Hu, H., Chu, H., Wu, Z., Gan, Z., & Yang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1883801
Yalçınkaya, M., Hsu, C.-C., Li, L., Wang, R., Ngai, D., Vela, P. S., Fernández-Maestre, I., Olszewska, M., Liu, W., Chen, M., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.126.080527
Self-citationCompensatory pathways in tryptophan metabolism and immune regulation following IDO inhibition
da Costa, I. M. G., Camurça, M., & Kfoury, J. R. (2026) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-026-12707-9
Ding, Q., Li, S., Guo, M., Pu, J., Wei, J., & Chen, W. (2026) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1947695
Subramanian, M. (2026) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/82_2026_361
Chen, X., Liu, Y., Chen, M., & Wang, X. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143853
Self-citationMa, T., Wang, Z., Gao, X., Wang, X., Xu, J., Wang, W., Luo, P., & Shi, Y. (2026) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2026.117521
Self-citationWu, H., Yuan, D., He, R., & Liu, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1999085
Efferocytosis Remodels Osteoclast Metabolism and Enhances Antibacterial DefensePreprint
Yu, Q., Zhang, J., Qu, Y., Tang, Y., Zhang, Y., Jia, Y., Dai, Q., Huang, Z., Shen, J., Limjunyawong, N., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.759003
Novel Mechanometabolic Signaling Cascade Linking Efferocytosis to Inflammation Resolution
kumar, D., Pandit, R., Frausto, L., Governale, T.-A., Yuan, S. S., Fieira, J. N., Quaye, A., McGee, K., Das, S. R., Anand, S. K., et al. (2026) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.126.325444
Huang, C., Liao, Y., Zhang, Y., Guo, X., Xiang, L.-L., Zhang, L.-T., Ye, Z., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Zhou, Y.-J., et al. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11198364/v1
Macrophage biology and immunoregulation in health and disease
Zhao, H., Chou, Y.-J., & Huang, S. C. (2026) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-026-01486-9
- Authors
- Sukka, S. R., Ampomah, P. B., Darville, L. N. F., Ngai, D., Wang, X., Kuriakose, G., Xiao, Y., Shi, J., Koomen, J. M., McCusker, R. H., & Tabas, I.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Moffitt Cancer Center (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sukka, Santosh R.
- Tabas, Ira
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Metabolism
- Published
- 2024-09-06
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1736-1755
- ISSN
- 2522-5812 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11734744
- OpenAlex
- W4402316299
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 13.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2024-09-16)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL145228, HL087123, HL159012)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P30 CA076292)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- efferocytosis, macrophages, tryptophan metabolism, IDO1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, kynurenine, inflammation resolution, IL-10, atherosclerosis regression, chronic inflammation, macrophage metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Efferocytosis, Animals, Inflammation, Kynurenine, Macrophages, Phagocytosis, Tryptophan, Apoptosis, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon, Atherosclerosis, Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review