Acute serotonin and dopamine depletion improves attentional control: findings from the Stroop task
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with impairments of attentional control on classic experimental paradigms such as the Stroop task. However, at a basic level the neurochemical mechanisms that may be responsible for such impairments are poorly understood. In this study, we sought to investigate the influence of brain monoamine function on Stroop task performance in healthy participants using the established methods of acute dietary serotonin, dopamine, and combined monoamine depletion. The study was a double-blind placebo controlled design in which 12 healthy male participants completed the Stroop task under four acute treatment conditions: (a) balanced/placebo control, (b) acute tryptophan depletion, (c) acute tyrosine/phenylalanine depletion, and (d) acute tyrosine/phenylalanine/tryptophan depletion (combined monoamine depletion). Decreased Stroop interference indicating improved attentional control was observed after both tryptophan depletion and tyrosine/phenylalanine depletion, while there was no significant change in interference after combined monoamine depletion. Findings suggest that reduced tonic dopamine or serotonin activity within specific neural circuits (such as the striatum, anterior cingulate, or prefrontal cortex) may play a critical role in attentional control, possibly by improving gating of information via reducing noise in monoaminergic systems. These findings enhance our understanding of the neurochemical basis of attentional control and the possible cause of attentional control deficits in schizophrenia.
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Depletion of serotonin and dopamine decreases interference effects on incongruent trials, and thus improves performance, during the Stroop task.
“Depletion of serotonin and dopamine has been shown to decrease interference effects on incongruent trials, and thus improve performance, during the Stroop task (Schmitt et al., 2000; Scholes et al., 2007).”
From Response Inhibition and Interference Control in Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Scholes et al., 2007
Decreases in serotonin may improve performance by increasing arousal and attention.
“Decreases in serotonin may improve performance by increasing arousal and attention (Scholes et al., 2007).”
From Response Inhibition and Interference Control in Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Scholes et al., 2007
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Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe regulate visual attentionPreprint
Lehnert, J., Cha, K., Forestell, J., Yang, K., Ma, X., Britt, J. P., Khadra, A., Cook, E. P., & Krishnaswamy, A. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.09.29.615662
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Effect of tetrabenazine on Stroop interference in Huntington’s disease: Protocol
Fekete, R. (2026) · MethodsX · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2026.103886
Privodnova, E. Y., Volf, N. V., Sedykh, A. A., & Bozhenov, R. K. (2026) · Human Physiology · doi:10.1134/s036211972670026x
- Authors
- Scholes, K. E., Harrison, B. J., O'Neill, B. V., Leung, S., Croft, R. J., Pipingas, A., Phan, K. L., & Nathan, P. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Monash University (AU)
- Swinburne University of Technology (AU)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nathan, Pradeep J
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2006-12-06
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1600-1610
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- OpenAlex
- W2012359728
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Government
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (400420, 345709)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- serotonin depletion, dopamine depletion, monoamine depletion, tryptophan depletion, attentional control, Stroop interference, schizophrenia, monoaminergic systems, striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Dopamine, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Neural Pathways, Synaptic Transmission, Neuropsychological Tests, Placebos, Schizophrenia, Serotonin, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Biogenic Monoamines, Mood Disorders
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