Role of disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) in stress-induced prefrontal cognitive dysfunction
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Recent genetic studies have linked mental illness to alterations in disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a multifunctional scaffolding protein that regulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling via interactions with phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). High levels of cAMP during stress exposure impair function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region gravely afflicted in mental illness. As stress can aggravate mental illness, genetic insults to DISC1 may worsen symptoms by increasing cAMP levels. The current study examined whether viral knockdown (KD) of the Disc1 gene in rat PFC increases susceptibility to stress-induced PFC dysfunction. Rats were trained in a spatial working memory task before receiving infusions of (a) an active viral construct that knocked down Disc1 in PFC (DISC1 KD group), (b) a 'scrambled' construct that had no effect on Disc1 (Scrambled group), or (c) an active construct that reduced DISC1 expression dorsal to PFC (Anatomical Control group). Data were compared with an unoperated Control group. Cognitive performance was assessed following mild restraint stress that had no effect on normal animals. DISC1 KD rats were impaired by 1 h restraint stress, whereas Scrambled, Control, and Anatomical Control groups were unaffected. Thus, knocking down Disc1 in PFC reduced the threshold for stress-induced cognitive dysfunction, possibly through disinhibited cAMP signaling at neuronal network synapses. These findings may explain why patients with DISC1 mutations may be especially vulnerable to the effects of stress.
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Knockdown of DISC1 in rodent PFC increases sensitivity to stress-induced PFC cognitive deficits.
“Knockdown of DISC1 in rodent PFC increases cAMP signaling in PFC neurons129 and increases sensitivity to stress-induced PFC cognitive deficits130.”
From Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition (2015) · cites this paper as [130]
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Martis, L., Wiborg, O., Holmes, M. C., & Harris, A. P. (2018) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/gbb.12546 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hikida, T., Morita, M., Kuroiwa, M., Macpherson, T., Shuto, T., Sotogaku, N., Niwa, M., Sawa, A., & Nishi, A. (2019) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/j.neures.2019.02.007 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is an important factor in the DISC1 interactome (Millar et al., 2005; Carlyle et al., 2011; Hikida et al., 2012; Gamo et al., 2013).”
BackgroundDisrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 SNPs and Susceptibility to Schizophrenia: Evidence from Malaysia
Norlelawati, A. T., Abdullah, K., Norsidah, K.-Z., Ramli, M., Tariq, A. R., & Taib, W. R. W. (2015) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.4306/pi.2015.12.1.103 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The Toxoplasma gondii Model of Schizophrenia
Webster, J. P., Lamberton, P. H. L., & McConkey, G. A. (2015) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800981-9.00014-6 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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“Different from the approaches used in many other DISC1 mouse models [35, 36, 42-45], we directly targeted nestin positive NPCs with inducible DN-DISC1.”
BackgroundMethodBrandon, N. J. (2015) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.09.019 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ahmed, M. K., Abdou, K., Ibrahim, W. W., Mohamed, A. F., & El-Boghdady, N. A. (2025) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-025-06940-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“These aggregates disrupt dopamine signaling, cAMP signaling, and cytoskeletal architecture, leading to synaptic dysfunction and neurodevelopmental anomalies in schizophrenia ( Gamo et al. 2013; Trossbach et al. 2016).”
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“For example, viral knockdown of DISC1 (Disrupted In SChizophrenia) in rat medial PFC lowers the threshold for stress-induced PFC dysfunction, possibly by unanchoring PDE4A and dysregulating cAMP signaling (Gamo et al, 2013).”
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“Even more interestingly, DISC1 has been linked to stress-induced psychosis in schizophrenic individuals [24], a clinical feature that is presented more frequent in patients harbouring specific NEDD4 genotypes [21].”
Evaluation and characterisation of two zebrafish models of schizophrenia
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“In Disc1 knockdown rats, a 1-h restraint stress impairs working memory, whereas in non-stressful conditions, the loss of Disc1 has no effects [127].”
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Self-citationTwo Novel Photoactivatable Phosphodiesterases to Independently Hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Gamo, N. J., Duque, A., Paspalas, C. D., Kata, A., Fine, R., Boven, L., Bryan, C., Lo, T., Anighoro, K., Bermudez, L., Peng, K., Annor, A., Raja, A., Mansson, E., Taylor, S. R., Patel, K., Simen, A. A., & Arnsten, A. F. T.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gamo, N J
- Venue
- Translational Psychiatry
- Published
- 2013-12-03
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- e328-e328
- ISSN
- 2158-3188 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4030323
- OpenAlex
- W2157444024
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 3.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- Translational Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (RL1AA017536)
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG030004)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-07224, T32 NS07224, T32NS007224)
- National Center for Research Resources (U54RR024350)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- DISC1, schizophrenia, prefrontal cortex, cAMP signaling, phosphodiesterase 4, restraint stress, spatial working memory, gene disruption
- MeSH terms
- Cyclic AMP, Animals, Cognition Disorders, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Restraint, Physical, Schizophrenia, Stress, Psychological, Synapses, Signal Transduction, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Prefrontal Cortex, Rats, Gene Knockdown Techniques
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